（外研版）高一英语必修3全册课件.ppt

1、（外研版）高一英语必修（外研版）高一英语必修3全册课件全册课件 Module 1 Europe Cultural Corner 1. To get students to learn more about the European countries. 2. To get students to know something about the European Union. Learning aims Do you know these pictures? Leading-in The European Union What is the main idea of each paragrap

2、h? Para. 1 The definition of the European Union. Para. 2 How did it start？ Para. 3 The members of the European Union. Read the text quickly and say the main idea of each paragraph. Listen and answer (1) What is the European Union? (2) Are its member countries independent? (3) How did it start? (4) H

3、ow many countries were its first members? (5) Is the United Kingdom its member? Check your answers. (1) What is the European Union? The European Union is an organisation of European countries. (2)Are its member countries independent? The countries are independent and are governed in different ways.

4、(3) How did it start? The idea of the European Union began in the 1950s. (4) How many countries were its first members? Six. (5) Is the United Kingdom its member? Yes. Language Points 1. in terms of 根据根据; 谈及谈及; 在在方面方面 In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union compared with China

5、? 就面积和人口来说，与中国相比欧盟有多大？就面积和人口来说，与中国相比欧盟有多大？ In terms of money, its a great job. 就报酬而言，这是份不错的工作。就报酬而言，这是份不错的工作。 【拓展拓展】 in the long term/run 就长期而言就长期而言 in the short term/run 就短期而言就短期而言 be on good/bad/friendly terms with sb. 与某人关系好与某人关系好/不好不好/友好友好 Hes not on very good terms with his wifes family. 他跟他妻子家

6、的关系不好他跟他妻子家的关系不好。 【即学即练即学即练】 _ ability and experience, he cant be compared with you. A. In terms of B. In case of B. In favour of D. In the face of 【解题关键解题关键】句意：就能力和经验而言句意：就能力和经验而言，他没法和他没法和 你比你比。in terms of意为意为“就就而言；在而言；在方面方面”； in case of意为意为“万一万一”；in favour of意为意为“赞成赞成”； in the face of意为意为“面对面对（困难困

7、难、问题等问题等）”。 2. compare v. 比较比较,对照对照 A teachers work is often compared to a candle. 教师的工作常被比作蜡烛教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。 If you compare Marxs works with Hegels, youll find many differences. 如果你把马克思的著作同黑格尔的著作相比较如果你把马克思的著作同黑格尔的著作相比较, 就会发现就会发现 许多不同之处许多不同之处。 Compared with my child, yours seems a veritable angel. 跟我的小

8、孩比起来跟我的小孩比起来，你的小孩像是个不折不扣的天使你的小孩像是个不折不扣的天使。 【归纳归纳】 compare.with. 把把和和比较比较 compare.to. 把把比作比作 compared with/to 和和比起来比起来(作状语作状语) 3. population n. 人口人口，居民居民 The population of this city is in the neighbourhood of three million. 这个城市的人口接近这个城市的人口接近300万万。 Whats the population of the country? 这个国家有多少人口这个国家有多

9、少人口? This city has a population of more than 1,000,000. 这个城市人口超过一百万这个城市人口超过一百万。 Only ten percent of the population here are illiterate. 这里只有百分之十的居民是文盲这里只有百分之十的居民是文盲。 【即学即练即学即练】 The population of Jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million. A. has grown

10、B. have grown C. grew D. are growing 【解题关键解题关键】根据第二句时态判断根据第二句时态判断，空格处时态用空格处时态用 现在完成时现在完成时，表示人口持续增长到现在表示人口持续增长到现在。population 是集体名词是集体名词，在句中看作一个整体在句中看作一个整体，谓语动词用单谓语动词用单 数数。 4. on the other hand (1) 转折连接词，表示“而；另一方面”转折连接词，表示“而；另一方面” (2)另一点、另一方面（提出相反观点，与上文衔接）另一点、另一方面（提出相反观点，与上文衔接） In France, on the other

11、 hand, the head of state is a president. 而在法国，国家的元首是总统。而在法国，国家的元首是总统。 On the one hand, I have to work; on the other hand, I have many visitors to see. 一方面一方面我必须工作；我必须工作；另一方面另一方面我有许多来宾要照看。我有许多来宾要照看。 I want to sell the house, but _ I cant bear the thought of moving. After all, I have lived here for a

12、long time. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. for one thing D. as a result 【即学即练即学即练】 【解题关键解题关键】句意：我想卖掉这座房子句意：我想卖掉这座房子，但另一方但另一方 面面，我不能忍受搬家的想法我不能忍受搬家的想法，毕竟我在这儿住了好毕竟我在这儿住了好 长时间了长时间了。固定短语固定短语on the other hand 表示表示“另一另一 方面方面”。 5. little by little 逐渐地逐渐地，渐渐地渐渐地 Little by little, the number increas

13、ed during the second half of the twentieth century. 在二十世纪后半叶在二十世纪后半叶，成员国的数目逐渐增加成员国的数目逐渐增加。 Her health is improving little by little. 她的健康状况正在逐渐好转她的健康状况正在逐渐好转。 Little by little, our English is getting better. 我们的英语正在慢慢地进步我们的英语正在慢慢地进步。 常见的“名词常见的“名词+介词介词+名词”的短语有：名词”的短语有： day by day 日复一日地日复一日地 year by y

14、ear 年复一年地年复一年地 one by one 一个个地一个个地 step by step 一步步地一步步地 shoulder by shoulder 肩并肩肩并肩 bit by bit 一点一点地一点一点地 hand in hand 手拉手手拉手 arm in arm 臂挽臂臂挽臂 face to face 面对面面对面 back to back 背靠背背靠背 翻译句子翻译句子 (1) 那只蚂蚁一点一点地爬过了那块石头那只蚂蚁一点一点地爬过了那块石头。 _ (2) 渐渐地他的钱就会被积攒起来渐渐地他的钱就会被积攒起来。 _ 【即学即练即学即练】 The ant crossed the s

15、tone little by little. Little by little his money will be saved. .改错改错 1. This special school accepts all disabled students, regardless educational level and background. of 2. When comparing with the size of the whole earth, compared the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. Class exercises .单项选择单

16、项选择 1. Ten years ago the population of our village was _ that of theirs. A. as twice large as B. twice as large as C. twice as much as D. as twice much as 2. When he was retired and went back home in _ , he was already in _. A. the fifties; his sixty B. fifties; his sixties C. the fifties; his sixti

17、es D. fifty; sixty 3.You have made a few spelling mistakes in your composition, but _, it is fairly good. A. on the whole B. generally speaking C. above all D. on one hand 4. Do you like living here? Of course. _ with our small apartment, your house seems like a palace. A. To compare B. Compared C.

18、Comparing D. Having compared It is good to learn at another mans cost. 前车之鉴。前车之鉴。 Module 1 Europe Grammar 1. Learn the usage of the Passive Voice. 2. Learn Grammatical concord, Notional concord, Principle of proximity. 3. Use them to express yourself freely. Learning aims How to describe the picture

19、s? Some trees have been cut down. The river was seriously polluted. 被动语态被动语态 Leading-in 语态语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主 语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和 被动语态。被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者， 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 They will build a new bridge over the river.

20、 (主动主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动被动) 基本构成：系动词基本构成：系动词be/get + 及物动词的过去分词。及物动词的过去分词。 一、动词的被动语态一、动词的被动语态 1被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成：be + v.-ed （1）一般现在时）一般现在时 am/is/are + v.-ed Youre wanted on the telephone. 有人给你打电话。有人给你打电话。 （2）一般过去时）一般过去时 was/were + v.-ed The book was finished last week. 这本书

21、是上周完成的。这本书是上周完成的。 （3）一般将来时）一般将来时 will be + v.-ed Youll be allowed to go out tomorrow. 明天让你出去。明天让你出去。 （4）现在进行时和过去进行时现在进行时和过去进行时 The building is being built. 这幢楼正在建设之中。这幢楼正在建设之中。 The bikes were being repaired then. 那时自行车正在维修。那时自行车正在维修。 （5）现在完成时和过去完成时现在完成时和过去完成时 This book has been translated into Engli

22、sh. 这本书已被译成英语。这本书已被译成英语。 The car had been repaired. 这辆汽车已修完了。这辆汽车已修完了。 2. 被动语态的用法被动语态的用法 (1) 我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁(这这 时都不带由时都不带由by引起的短语引起的短语)。 The book is written for teachers. 这本书是为教师写的。这本书是为教师写的。 (2) 动作的承受者是谈话的中心动作的承受者是谈话的中心(这时可带由这时可带由by引起的引起的 短语短语)。 The shop is run by a young m

23、an. 这家商店是由一个年轻人经营的。这家商店是由一个年轻人经营的。 3. 注意事项：注意事项： (1) 短语动词的被动语态，要保持短语动词的完整短语动词的被动语态，要保持短语动词的完整 性，动词后面的介词或副词切记不可遗漏。性，动词后面的介词或副词切记不可遗漏。 These books must be taken good care of. 这些书必须好好保管。这些书必须好好保管。 The children were well looked after. 孩子们受到了良好的照顾。孩子们受到了良好的照顾。 (2) 带双宾语的动词的被动语态，如带双宾语的动词的被动语态，如give, send,

24、take, bring, teach, tell, offer, sing, buy, promise, make, write, ask, lend, show, pay等。将其中一个宾语变成等。将其中一个宾语变成 主语，另一个宾语作为保留宾语，或变为介词宾语，主语，另一个宾语作为保留宾语，或变为介词宾语， 作状语。作状语。 We gave him some picture books. He was given some picture books. Some picture books were given to him. 我们给他一些图画书。我们给他一些图画书。 (3) 有些动词的主动

25、语态形式表示被动语态有些动词的主动语态形式表示被动语态, 如如sell, wash, write, prove, run, read等。等。 The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。这本书很畅销。 Silk wears well. 丝制衣服耐穿。丝制衣服耐穿。 This cloth washes well. 这种布料耐洗。这种布料耐洗。 (4) 不及物动词（短语）没有被动语态不及物动词（短语）没有被动语态,如如 happen, take place 等。等。 Great changes have taken place in our hometown in the past f

26、ew years. 在过去的几年中我们的家乡发生了巨大变化。在过去的几年中我们的家乡发生了巨大变化。 (5) 感官动词不用于被动语态感官动词不用于被动语态, 如如 feel, taste, smell 等。等。 The rice tastes burnt. 饭有焦味。饭有焦味。 The milk smells sour. 牛奶闻起来酸了。牛奶闻起来酸了。 1. (2015 北京北京高考高考)Did you enjoy the party? Yes. We well by our hosts. A. were treated B. would be treated C. treated D. h

27、ad treated 【高考链接高考链接】 2.(2015 安徽安徽高考高考)It is reported that a space station on the moon in years to come. A. will be building B. will be built C. has been building D. has been built 3. (2014 大纲版全国卷大纲版全国卷)Unless some extra money , the theatre will close. A.was found B.finds C.is found D.found 4. (2014

28、 天津高考天津高考)We wont start the work until all the preparations . A.are being made B.will be made C.have been made D.had been made 5.（2013 北京高考）北京高考） So what is the procedure? All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority. A. interview B. are interviewing C. are interviewed D. ar

29、e being interviewed 6.（2013 辽宁高考）辽宁高考） We are confident that the environment _ by our further efforts to reduce pollution. A. had been improved B. will be improved C. is improved D. was improved 【即学即练即学即练】 1. A new cinema (build)here. They hope to finish it next month. 2. In 1998, when he was only 1

30、9, Bill _ (sentence) to 5 years in prison for his acts of violence. 3. The volleyball match _(put off) if it rains tomorrow. is being built was sentenced will be put off 语法填空语法填空 二、二、subject and verb agreement （主谓一致）（主谓一致） 主谓一致的定义主谓一致的定义 主谓一致主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数 上保持一致上保持一致，即主语是复数即主语是

31、复数，谓语动词也用复数形谓语动词也用复数形 式式，如如are, were, have等等，主语是单数主语是单数，谓语动词谓语动词 也要用单数形式也要用单数形式，如如is, was, has, works等等。 一 般 要 遵 循 以 下 三 个 原 则 ： 语 法 一 致 原 则一 般 要 遵 循 以 下 三 个 原 则 ： 语 法 一 致 原 则 (grammatical concord)、意义一致原则意义一致原则 (notional concord)、就近原则就近原则 (principle of proximity)。 主谓一致的原则主谓一致的原则 1.语法一致原则语法一致原则 语法主谓一

32、致语法主谓一致指如果主语形式上是复数形式，其谓指如果主语形式上是复数形式，其谓 语动词也是复数形式；主语是第三人称单数形式，语动词也是复数形式；主语是第三人称单数形式， 谓语动词也是第三人称单数形式。谓语动词也是第三人称单数形式。 His flight leaves early on Monday morning. A few students from his school are going, too. (1) 由由and 或或both.and.连接的两个名词或代词在句连接的两个名词或代词在句 中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 You and Mary ar

33、e not wrong. Both coffee and tea are my favorites. (2) 由由and 连接的两个名词分别有冠词限定时，应视连接的两个名词分别有冠词限定时，应视 为不同的人或物，用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；为不同的人或物，用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； 但如果只在第一个名词前有冠词限定，应视为同一个但如果只在第一个名词前有冠词限定，应视为同一个 人或物，用作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。人或物，用作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 A professor and a scientist are coming to our school. A professor

34、 and scientist is coming to our school. (3) 由由and 连接的两个不定式、动名词或主语从句，强连接的两个不定式、动名词或主语从句，强 调两件事或两个动作，应该视为复数，在句中作主调两件事或两个动作，应该视为复数，在句中作主 语时，谓语动词用复数形式。语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Walking on the road and swimming in the pool are two different things. 但是由但是由and 连接的两个疑问词引导一个不定式作主语，连接的两个疑问词引导一个不定式作主语， 谓语动词用单数形式。谓语动词用单数形式

35、。 Where and how to find the lost child is unknown to us. (4) 由由each (no, every, many a )+名词名词+and +each (no, every, many a)+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形 式。式。 No sound and no voice has been heard for a long time. Each boy and each girl was given a gift. (5) 由由 “one and a half +名词复数”作主语时，谓语名词复数”作主

36、语时，谓语 动词常用单数形式，“动词常用单数形式，“a/an +名词单数名词单数+and+ a half 作主语时，谓语动词也用单数形式。作主语时，谓语动词也用单数形式。 One and a half days is all I can spare. One and a half bananas has rotted away. An hour and a half is allowed for the exam. (6) 主语是“名词主语是“名词/代词代词+with + 名词名词/代词”时，谓语动代词”时，谓语动 词须与前面的名词词须与前面的名词/代词在人称和数上保持一致。代词在人称和数上保

37、持一致。 类似用法的还有：类似用法的还有：together with; along with; as well as; as much as; rather than; no less than; like; but; except; besides; including; other than The daughter, no less than her mother, has blue eyes. Tom as well as his brothers was praised at the meeting. (7) more than one/many a+名词单数”虽有复数意义，名词单数

38、”虽有复数意义， 但谓语动词用单数形式。但谓语动词用单数形式。 Many a young person has got into the habit of smoking. (8) 当用作主语的名词被当用作主语的名词被a (this; that) pair (sheet; piece; article; cup; box; kind; type; sort ) of 等介词短语限定等介词短语限定 时，谓语动词应与时，谓语动词应与of 前表示量的名词（如前表示量的名词（如pair）的数）的数 保持一致，即表示量的名词是单数，谓语动词用单数保持一致，即表示量的名词是单数，谓语动词用单数 形式，表示

39、量的名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。形式，表示量的名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。 That pair of shoes is just under the bed. Many kinds of animals are dying out. 【注意注意】当用作主语的名词被当用作主语的名词被of this kind限定时，谓限定时，谓 语动词应与语动词应与of 前的名词主语保持一致。前的名词主语保持一致。 TV programs of this kind are harmful for children. (9) glass, iron, paper, wood, water等名词表示“物等名词

40、表示“物 质”概念时，用作单数质”概念时，用作单数 Wood is used to make furniture. It is reported that many a new house _ at present in the disaster. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built 【即学即练即学即练】 2.意义一致原则意义一致原则 意义主谓一致意义主谓一致指谓语动词的形式变化不是视主语的指谓语动词的形式变化不是视主语的 形式如何，而是形式如何，而是视其所指为单数形式还是复数形

41、式视其所指为单数形式还是复数形式。 在意义主谓一致中有以下几点要注意：在意义主谓一致中有以下几点要注意： (1) 表示金钱、时间、距离等的名词按单数对待。表示金钱、时间、距离等的名词按单数对待。 e.g. Two thousand dollars is the cost of the course. Four kilometers is not very far. Eight hours is really a very long time. (2)集体名词一般按单数对待，但如果强调其成员可以视为集体名词一般按单数对待，但如果强调其成员可以视为 复数。复数。 His family is com

42、ing to meet him at the airport. The whole family were having supper when I dropped in. 常见的同种用法的集体名词有常见的同种用法的集体名词有family, group, class, population等。但是等。但是police, people, cattle 作主语时，谓语作主语时，谓语 动词却要用复数形式。动词却要用复数形式。 The police havent caught the thief yet. (3)以以-s结尾的结尾的 “复数型”名词，如“复数型”名词，如 mathematics, ph

43、ysics, politics等以及以等以及以-s结尾的地名、人名或表示结尾的地名、人名或表示 国家、书籍、电影、戏剧等的名词作主语时，谓语动国家、书籍、电影、戏剧等的名词作主语时，谓语动 词用单数形式。词用单数形式。 Mathematics is not easy for us to learn. (4)单复数同形的名词作主语单复数同形的名词作主语,谓语动词由其在句子中谓语动词由其在句子中 的意义而定，如的意义而定，如 means, works, sheep, deer, series, species, aircraft等。等。 That chemical works is sending

44、 out a large amount of waste water every day. These works were built two years ago. (5) 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，如作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，如 the+adj. (现现 在分词、过去分词在分词、过去分词)表示一类人，具有复数意义。表示一类人，具有复数意义。 e.g. The wounded were sent to the hospital at once. The rich are not willing to help the poor. (6) either, neither, each,

45、one, the other, anyone, anything, anybody, someone, somebody, something, everybody, everything, nothing, no one 等不定代词视等不定代词视 为单数，作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。为单数，作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。 Everything goes well with us. 【即学即练即学即练】 Nobody but us _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known eitheror neithernor no

46、t onlybut also not but 3.3.就近原则就近原则 就近原则是指谓语动词的形式根据邻近的主语的数而就近原则是指谓语动词的形式根据邻近的主语的数而 定。定。 常见的就近原则结构：常见的就近原则结构： 或者或者或者或者 两者都不两者都不 不仅不仅而且而且 不是不是而是而是 there be 句型句型 were were/are is is are 【即学即练即学即练】 语法填空（用括号内动词的适当形式填空）：语法填空（用括号内动词的适当形式填空）： 1.Not only he but also you _ (be) invited. 2.I or his brothers _ (be) to blame. 3.Neither I nor he _ (be) to attend the meeting. 4.There _ (be) a pen, a knife and seve