Unit 3 Getting along with others Period 2 Grammar and usage （ppt课件） -2024新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、译 林 必 修 第一册Unit 3 Period 2Grammar and usage学习目标学习目标12To understand the meaning of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns and summarize the general rules of it.To use restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns to describe friends appropriately.Activity 1:Work by yourselfA real f

2、riend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.A real friend is someone who sees our true self,not just the face that we show to the world.Yet these days,the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning

3、of friendship.We may be able to make many friends online,but these friendships can be quite shallow.Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face-to-face chatting.Sharingour experiences on social media is not enough to ex

4、press the values which matter most to us.Likingour friends photos online does not develop the connection which we share.To make friends a real part of our lives,we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.目标一：目标一：To understand the meaning of restrictive relative clauses with relative

5、pronouns and summarize the general rules of itTask 1 Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article.A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.A real friend is someone who sees our true self,n

6、ot just the face that we show to the world.the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.“Sharing”our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to u

7、s.“Liking”our friends photos online does not develop the connection which we share.Task 2 Observe the sentences and working out the rules.Fill in the blanks on P34 of the textbook by yourself.A restrictive relative clause modifies a noun,pronoun or noun phrase before it.We use relative pronouns or r

8、elative adverbs to introduce restrictive relative clauses.We use(1)_ for things,and(2)_ and whom for people.We can use(3)_ for both things and people.We use(4)_ to show possession.whichwhothatwhoseActivity 2:Work in pairs A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.Yet these days,the mode

9、rn tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.David also had a friend whom he trusted a lot.antecedentsrelative pronounsrestrictive relative clauses The noun,pronoun or noun phrase is the_.We can use _ to introduce restrictive relative clauses.antecedent relative prono

10、unsTask 1 Work out the rules by observing sentences and fill in the blanks.Task 2 Observe what elements are missing from the attributive clauses below.There are five boys who will play the game.Mr.Brown is the teacher who we show great respect for.The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.I k

11、now the boy whose father is a doctor.lack of subjectlack of objectlack of objectact as attributeIve read all the books that are about this matter.You must do everything that you can do.Dangyang is not a small place that it used to be.The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.lack of subj

12、ectlack of objectlack of predicativelack of objectrelative pronounsbe used aswhowhomwhosethatwhichsubject,objectattributeobjectsubject,object,predicative subject,objectFill in the blanksActivity 3:Work in groupsSummarize the general rules of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns(defini

13、tion,structure and usage of relative pronouns)and show them on stage.小组展示小组展示1 组组2 组组3 组组4 组组Summary一、定义：限制性定语从句（restrictive relative clause）指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“的（人）”或“的（物）”。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句二、结构:被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词关系副词。三、关系代词的用法:定

14、语从句可由关系代词 who,whom,whose,which,that引导关系代词的指代与在从句中充当的成分关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主、宾whom 人宾which物主、宾that人或物主、宾、表whose 人或物定语 1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时，可省略。2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。3.which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时可省略。5.whose引导的定语从句，既可修饰人，也可修饰物，whose在从句中作定语。4.that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作宾语或表语时，可省略。Supplement(1)关系代词在定

15、语从句中通常作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。如：The boy who is running on the playground is the best runner in our school.(who作主语，不可省略）The subject(which)I like best in English.(which作宾语，可省略）Supplement(2)关系代词也可以用作介词的宾语。在正式场合，介词可以置于关系代词前，这种情况下关系代词不可省略，也不可以用that代替。如：Is this the magazine(which/that)you were talking about just

16、 now?=Is this the magazine about which you were talking just now?但是要注意的是，固定短语中的介词不能前置到关系代词前。如：You are the very person(whom/that)we are looking for.Supplement(3)当先行词是way并且定语从句要表示“以的方式”时，定语从句常用that 或in which 引导，that 和in which 也可以省略。如：I like the way(that/in which)she smiles.Supplement 先行词中有人又有物时。e.g.Do

17、 you know the things and persons that they are talking about?(4)只能用that不能用which的情况:先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。e.g.This is all that I want from the school.先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。e.g.This is the very book that I have been looking for these days.当

18、先行词被最高级修饰时。e.g.The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.当先行词被序数词修饰时。e.g.The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.目标二：目标二：To use restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns to describe friends appropriatelyActivity 1:Rewrite the following sentences

19、using restrictive relative clauses.1.Common interests provide rich ground.Many friendships grow from rich ground.Common interests provide rich ground _.2.When friends communication is warm and open,friendships grow best.Friendships grow best between friends _.3.Friendships are like flowers.These flo

20、wers need to be taken good care of.Friendships are like flowers_.from which many friendships growwhose communication is warm and openwhich/that need to be taken good care of4.A relationship with a true friend will surely produce fruit.You can count on a true friend.A relationship with a true friend

21、_ will surely produce fruit.5.You have been helped by others.To make friends,you should help others in the same way.To make friends,you should help others the way _.(whom/that/who)you can count onthat you have been helped by othersActivity 2:The passage below is about friendship in a great novel.Com

22、plete the passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary.In Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,the friendship(1)_ forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book,though they appear to be an unlikely pair.Huck is a poor white boy(2)_ father often beats him,while Jim

23、is a black slave(3)_ longs to be free.One day,Huck runs away from home to an island.There he meets Jim and makes friends with him.Then they leave the island together on a raft(4)_ they find on the Mississippi River.They head north to Illinois,a state in(5)_ Jim can become free.The high point of the

24、story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers.In the end,Huck decides that Jim is a friend(6)_ he needs and values,and refuses to give him up.From this story we can see that friends are people(7)_ support you through thick and thin.which/thatwhos

25、ewho/that(which/that)which(whom/who/that)who/thatActivity 3:In pairs,describe a friend of yours using restrictive relative clauses.Use the example below to help you.ExampleMy best friend is Owen.I met him at a Reading Club meeting(which/that)we both attended.We have the same taste in books,and we of

26、ten spend hours discussing novels(which/that)weve both read.I must say,hes one of the smartest people(that)I have ever met.My best friend is Hannah.I met her in a park in which I play badminton.One day,the friend who I normally play with had to go home early,and I was about to leave too.That was the

27、 moment when Hannah came up to me and asked if I wanted to play with her,We got on really well and soon became close friends.I know she is someone that I can rely on in times of difficulty.A Sample学习总结学习总结Summarize the general rules of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns(definition,structure and usage of relative pronouns).