Unit 3 Getting along with others Grammar and usage （ppt课件）-2024新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit 3Period 2 Grammar and usage(1)People have close friends.(2)People naturally enjoy their company.Compare the following sentences and read them aloud.People who have close friends naturally enjoy their company.Restrictive Relative Clause（限制性定语从句）（限制性定语从句）新 课 导 入课 堂 学 习Below is a magazine article

2、on friendship in the modern age.Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below.The first one has been done for you.A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.A real f

3、riend is someone who sees our true self,not just the face that we show to the world.Yet these days,the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.We may be able to make many friends online,but these friendships can be quite shallow.Social media like blogs has co

4、me between us and the friends whom we love.Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face-to-face chatting.Sharingour experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us.Likingour friends photos online does not develop the connection which we share.To make fr

5、iends a real part of our lives,we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.A Exploring the rulesA real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.A real friend is someone who sees our true self,not just th

6、e face that we show to the world.the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.“Sharing”our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us.“Liking”

7、our friends photos online does not develop the connection which we share.Working out the rules A restrictive relative clause modifies a noun,pronoun or noun phrase before it.We use relative pronouns or relative adverbs to introduce restrictive relative clauses.We use(1)_ for things,and(2)_ and whom

8、for people.We can use(3)_ for both things and people.We use(4)_ to show possession.whichwhothatwhose限制性定语从句（restrictive relative clause）指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“的（人）”或“的（物）”。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词关系副词。由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句定语从句可由关系代词 who,whom,whose,which,that

9、引导关系代词的指代与在从句中充当的成分关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主、宾whom 人宾which物主、宾that人或物主、宾、表whose 人或物定语 1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时，可省略。判断下列句中who在定语从句中所作的成分The man(who)I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。e.g.The man(whom)I nodded to is Mr.Liu.宾宾主主3.which指物，在定语从句

10、中作主语、宾语。作宾语时可省略。判断下列句中which在定语从句中所作的成分These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder(which)he is using is made in Japan.This is the place which is worth visiting.主主宾宾主主判断下列句中that在定语从句中所作的成分This is the reason(that)he told me.The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.This i

11、s the only way(that)we can find at present.He is no longer the simple-minded man(that)he was five years ago.4.that指人、物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作宾语或表语时，可省略。宾宾主主宾宾表表5.whose引导的定语从句，既可修饰人，也可修饰物，whose在从句中作定语。I sat next to a girl whose name is Diana.The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden

12、every Saturday.先行词中有人又有物时。e.g.Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?只能用只能用that不能用不能用which的情况的情况:先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。e.g.This is all that I want from the school.先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。e.g.This is the very book tha

13、t I have been looking for these days.当先行词被最高级修饰时。e.g.The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.当先行词被序数词修饰时。e.g.The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.找出下列复合句中只能用that，不用which连接的定语从句（）。1.In China,parents always do everything _ they can to support their chil

14、dren.2.This is the place _ we visited yesterday.3.It was the largest map _I ever saw.4.This is the last thing _ I want to do.5.He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels _ filled his bus.6.Chatting is the only thing _ interests her most.Rewrite the following sentences using restrictive re

15、lative clauses.B1B Applying the rules1.Common interests provide rich ground.Many friendships grow from rich ground.Common interests provide rich ground _.2.When friends communication is warm and open,friendships grow best.Friendships grow best between friends _.3.Friendships are like flowers.These f

16、lowers need to be taken good care of.Friendships are like flowers_.from which many friendships growwhose communication is warm and openwhich/that need to be taken good care of4.A relationship with a true friend will surely produce fruit.You can count on a true friend.A relationship with a true frien

17、d _ will surely produce fruit.5.You have been helped by others.To make friends,you should help others in the same way.To make friends,you should help others the way _.(whom/that/who)you can count onthat you have been helped by othersThe passage below is about friendship in a great novel.Complete the

18、 passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary.B2In Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,the friendship(1)_ forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book,though they appear to be an unlikely pair.Huck is a poor white boy(2)_ father often beats him,while Jim is a bl

19、ack slave(3)_ longs to be free.One day,Huck runs away from home to an island.There he meets Jim and makes friends with him.Then they leave the island together on a raft(4)_ they find on the Mississippi River.They head north to Illinois,a state in(5)_ Jim can become free.The high point of the story c

20、omes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers.In the end,Huck decides that Jim is a friend(6)_ he needs and values,and refuses to give him up.From this story we can see that friends are people(7)_ support you through thick and thin.Are Huck Finn and Jim

21、 true friends?Why do you think so?which/thatwhosewho/that(which/that)which(whom/who/that)who/thatIn pairs,describe a friend of yours using restrictive relative clauses.Use the example below to help you.B3My best friend is Owen.I met him at a Reading Club meeting(which/that)we both attended.We have t

22、he same taste in books,and we often spend hours discussing novels(which/that)weve both read.I must say,hes one of the smartest people(that)I have ever met.ExampleMy best friend is Hannah.I met her in a park in which I play badminton.One day,the friend who I normally play with had to go home early,an

23、d I was about to leave too.That was the moment when Hannah came up to me and asked if I wanted to play with her,We got on really well and soon became close friends.I know she is someone that I can rely on in times of difficulty.A Sample课堂总结课堂总结Summarize the general rules of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns(definition,structure and usage of relative pronouns).