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类型Unit12 Lesson1 Scientific Breakthroughs (ppt课件)-2023新北师大版(2019)《高中英语》选择性必修第四册.pptx

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    1、新北师大版高中英语选择性必修四Unit12 InnovationLesson3 Scientific BreakthroughWhat do you think are the most important inventions or discoveries of the 20th century?Can you name a few inventors?Albert EinsteinAlexander FlemingEckert&MauchlyTim Berners-LeeWhat makes them great?What does it take for an inventor to i

    2、nvent something?premier scientist pioneers of the 20th centuryto be committed to to be inspired byto be proposed by to improve the quality of human lifeWhich of the following important discoveries of the 20th century are mentioned in the first paragraph?A.Splitting the atomB.Discovering the smallest

    3、 particle of matterC.Replacing diseased organs with donated onesD.Flying around the world and launching satellitesE.Discovering the causes of diseases under microscopesF.Using mobile phones,emailing and sending instant messagesRead the text about some of the pioneers in science during the 20th centu

    4、ry.What discoveries are mentioned?Who made them?Mentioned discoveriesInventors or discoverersE=mc2 theoryAlbert EinsteinPenicillinAlexander FlemingThe worlds first computerEckert and MauchlyWorld Wide WebTim Berners-LeeMatch the discoveries or inventions(1-4)with how they came about(a-d).1 E=mc2 2 p

    5、enicillin3 the first computer4 the Internet a scientists worked together as a team b there was a lucky accident c different scientists worked on it for many years d a scientist was inspired1 _ 2 _ 3 _ 4 _dbacListen to the text and find information about how the following things were invented/discove

    6、red.Organise the information in your own way.Then describe the process in groups.E=mc2Who?Significance?How?Albert Einsteininspired while rocking his babyshowing how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of energytheory of relativitypenicillinWho?Significance?How?Alexander Flemin

    7、ga lucky accidenthelping to save the lives of millionshumility about the amazing outcome of his discoverycomputerWho?Significance?How?Eckert and Mauchlyworking together as a teamthe worlds first computerto improve the accuracy of the missiles of the US Navyusing too much energythe InternetWho?Signif

    8、icance?How?Tim Berners-Leedifferent scientists working on it for many yearsenabling computers all over the world to communicate with each otherwithout the Internet,unimaginableRead the text again and write T(true),F(false)or NI(no information)in brackets.()1 It is not easy to choose the single most

    9、important discoveries of the 20th century.()2 An atom is the smallest particle of matter.()3 Einstein was at work when he thought of the question“E=mc2”.()4 Einstein participated in the programme that developed the nuclear bomb.()5 Einstein observed changes in time,size and mass.TFFNIT()6 Fleming ha

    10、d been studying bacteria in his laboratory when the discovery happened.()7 Fleming developed the process of making penicillin.()8 The first computer project failed to meet its original goal.()9 The first computer was extremely difficult to programme.()10 Computers could not connect to each other bef

    11、ore 1990.FNITNIF1 Which discovery or invention mentioned in the text has been the most important so far?Why?2 Which discovery or invention will most influence the future?Why?3 How did the writer connect the paragraphs?Circle the signal words or phrases.Complete the passage with the correct form of t

    12、he words below.orbit,missile,enable,launch,accuracy,scientific,microscope,inventor,biologist I really dont know what I want to do when I leave school.My dad is a computer engineer working on the improvement of the 1_ of the Navys 2_.I would like to follow in his footsteps,but then Id have to sit in

    13、front of a computer all day.My mum is a 3_,but it seems to me that all she accuracymissilesbiologist Post-reading does is looking at bacteria through a 4_.All that stuff about 5_ finding that save peoples lives is pretty interesting,but I think I might be more interested in studying medicine.But the

    14、n again,my uncle is a scientist and he is always talking about 6_ satellites into 7_.I find this very exciting.I know what I want to be!I could be an 8_!I could come up with hundreds of inventions that will 9_ people to live better lives.But I dont think theres a university course for inventors.Mayb

    15、e I should just find out what I really like first.microscopescientificlaunchingorbitinventorenable3 Line 12:Although Here are some of them.Line 15:One of the 20th centurys premier scientists was Line 24:another important finding Line 34:when Flemings discovery was Line 49:With the development of com

    16、puters Line 57:These pioneers 1.Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones.range from.to.:to include a variety of different things or people in addition to those mentioned 包括(从到)之间的各类事物eg The sh

    17、ow had a massive audience,ranging from children to grandparents.The jobs range from advertising sales to engineering.range from.to.:if prices,levels,temperatures etc range from one amount to another,they include both those amounts and anything in between (价格、水平、温度等)处于某个范围之内(包括上下限)eg Costs range from

    18、 50 to several hundred dollars.There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10 to 18.donate vt.1)to allow some blood or a body organ to be removed from your body so that it can be used in a hospital to help someone who is ill or injured 捐(血),献(血);捐献(器官)2)to give something,especially money,to a per

    19、son or an organization in order to help them 捐赠,捐献(尤指钱)eg The appeal for people to donate blood was very successful.Last year he donated$1,000 to cancer research.The computers were donated by local companies.2.and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messag

    20、es.correspond vi.:to write letters to someone and receive letters from them 通信correspond with sb.与通信eg For the next three years they corresponded regularly.Ive been corresponding with several experts in the field.correspond v.:if two things or ideas correspond,the parts or information in one relate

    21、to the parts or information in the other 符合;相一致correspond to/with sth.相符合,相一致eg These goods dont correspond with/to my order.His words always dont correspond with/to his actions.【拓展】correspondence n.相符,一致;通信,信件 in correspondence with 和一致;和有通信联系correspondent n.通讯员,记者corresponding adj.相符的;相应的instant a

    22、dj.:1)happening or produced immediately 立刻的,马上的 2)instant food,coffee etc is in the form of powder and prepared by adding hot water (食物、咖啡等)即食的,调制方便的eg They took an instant liking to each other.We cant promise instant solutions,but we can promise to listen.instant coffee/soup/noodles即溶咖啡速食汤/方便面 I wa

    23、nt to have a cup of instant coffee.instant n.:a moment 片刻,顷刻the instant(that)一(就)in an instant 立刻,立即,马上eg She woke up the instant the phone rang.The pain disappeared in an instant.3.We started flying around the world,launching satellites into orbit and,at the same time,scientists figured out how to

    24、split the atom,previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.句子结构分析:1)and连接的并列分句;2)flying around the world和launching satellites into orbit都是started的宾语;3)previously thought to be过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰atom。eg An experimental satellite was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch C

    25、enter on Thursday morning.The scheme was launched a year ago.He is launching his son on a career in banking.launch vt.1)to send a weapon or spacecraft into the sky or into space 发射 2)to start something,usually something big or important 发动,发起,开始从事 figure out:to understand sth.or to find an answer or

    26、 solution for something 算出,想出;理解,弄明白eg It can be difficult to figure out creative ways to finish the task.I cant figure out why he does these crazy things.We had to figure out the connection between the two events.4.Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery,it is possible to s

    27、ingle out a few pioneers of the 20th century.although引导的让步状语从句It作形式主语,后面的动词不定式是真正的主语。本句中作者使用了Although it is impossible to,it is possible to结构来构成强调和对比。这种句型可以运用到我们的日常交际或写作中,提升语言亮点。single out:to treat or to speak about(someone or something in a group)in a way that is different from the way you treat or

    28、 speak about others挑出;挑选eg The coach singled out the players who played poorly.Who would you single out as the most promising student of the year?We wanted to single out the main threat to civilisation.5.Einstein then showed in his“theory of relativity”that not even time,mass or length are constant-

    29、they change according to our experience of them.constant adj.1)staying the same 恒久不变的 2)happening regularly or all the time 持续不断的,经常发生的 3)loyal and faithful 忠实的,忠诚的eg In our world nothing seems constant.In history,change is constant.He is constant to his friends.constant n.1)a number or quantity tha

    30、t never changes常数,常量,恒量2)something that stays the same even though other things change 不变的事;恒定的事物eg In the world of fashion it sometimes seems that the only constant is ceaseless change.Two significant constants have been found in a number of research studies.6.This blue mould was in fact the natura

    31、l form of penicillin,which Fleming perceived could be used to kill bacteria.perceive vt.:to notice,see,or recognize something 察觉,注意到,发觉eg I perceived a note of unhappiness in her voice.A key task is to get pupils to perceive for themselves the relationship between success and effort.7.During the Col

    32、d War,a“huge network”of computers was proposed by two American scientists.propose vt.:to suggest an idea,method etc as an answer to a scientific question or as a better way of doing something 提出(某观点、方法等)eg A number of theories have been proposed to explain the phenomenon.He proposed a possible solut

    33、ion to me.propose v.1)(formal)to suggest something as a plan or course of action 提议,建议 2)to intend to do something 打算,计划3)to ask someone to marry you,especially in a formal way(尤指正式地向某人)求婚eg The report proposes extending the motorway.How does he propose to deal with the situation?Shaun proposed to me only six months after we met.

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