Unit 5 Lesson 3 Understanding （ppt课件） -2023新北师大版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、新北师大版高中英语选择性必修二新北师大版高中英语选择性必修二Unit5 EducationLesson3 UnderstandingWhich of the following may help you acquire knowledge more effectively?Pair Work:1to be interested in the topicto ask questionsto discuss topics with friendsto be relaxed and happyto have time to think about what you have learntPre-re

2、adingFrancis Baconis an English philosopher and statesman of England.His works are credited with developing the scientific method andremain influential through the scientific revolution.Galileo Galileiis an Italian astronomer,physicist and engineer.Galileo has been called the“Father of Observational

3、 Astronomy”,the“Father of Modern Physics”,the“Father of the Scientific Method”and the“Father of Modern Science”.Aristotleis a Greek philosopher.He was the founder of the school of philosophy.Hehas been called the“Fatherof Western Philosophy”.Read the text to get the general idea.While-reading Read p

4、aragraph 1.According to the writer,how do we acquireknowledge and achieve understanding?Task 1To start with,we need _.questionsThen,to find answers,we need _.observe the world around us and study the factsAfter that,we _ _.considerpossible answers and test each to find the right ones2 Read paragraph

5、s 2-3completeTask 231.Francis Bacon believed that the way to gain knowledge is _.But most people in his days believed _.2.Galileo Galilei proved that _ _.But many people in his days _ _.3.Aristotles understanding of the universe was that _because _.4.It is still often true today that _.thinkingmore

6、in religionthe Earth was not thecentre of the universetended to ignore the facts and didnt want to challenge what they had always comfortably believedthe Earth must be the centre of the universeit felt like the Earth was standing still people dont want to abandon what theyve always thought as true 4

7、 Readanswer:Task 31.What position did Bacon hold during his days and what was his true interest?2.At first people approved of Galileis studies,but later they got angry.Why?3.Why did people choose to believe views that were about 2,000 years old?4.Were great men in history always correct?5.According

8、to the writer,will anyone be in the position to say“We know it all.”?Answer:1.Bacon held an important rank under King James(1566-1625)of England.His true interest was the worthy search for knowledge.Answer:2.They didnt want to challenge what they had always thought was true.Answer:3.Because they wer

9、e unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.Answer:4.No.Galilei made mistakes.He believed that the Earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle.But he was wrong.Answer:5.None of us can say“we know it all”.Bacon and Galilei knew that knowledge and understanding are things to f

10、ight for.Find out what each pronoun refers to in the text.5ExampleAfter that,we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones.(Para.1)ones=answers1.he was going against the views of the day.(Para.2)he=_2.This was certainly not the interest.(Para.2)This=_3.what they had always comfor

11、tably believed.(Para.2)they=_4.they grew angry and put him in prison.(Para.3)they=_5.then it must be so.(Para.3)it=_6.He is now known as.(Para.3)He=_Francis Baconsearch for knowledgethe church and most peoplepeopleassumptionGalileiDecide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).1.The

12、people of the church during Galileos time had open minds.()2.Francis Bacons true interest was not the same as that of most people in his day.()3.Modern scientists tend to solve the worlds problems by searching on the Internet.()FTF 6 Group Work:Think and share 71.What do you think the last sentence

13、of the passage means?2.What is the writers attitude towards the way to acquire knowledge?How did the writer make his/her opinion clear to the readers?Post-readingAnswer:1.I think the last sentence of the text means that knowledge and understanding are more important than money.They are more helpful

14、and useful because they can guide our ways of learning about the world and help us solve problems all the time while money can just buy certain goods and solve problems for some time.Answer:2.The writers attitude to acquiring knowledge is to keep asking questions and respect facts.We do not just acc

15、ept answers from authority.The writer illustrated his/her points by using examples of Galilei and ideas from great thinkers like Bacon.Underline the expressions that show the writers attitude.1 What do you think the last sentence of the passage means?2 What is the writers attitude towards the way of

16、 acquire knowledge?How did the writer make his/her opinion clear to the readers?Find the expressions that show the writers attitude.Post-reading 7 71 What do you think the last sentence of the passage means?I think the last sentence of the text means that knowledge and understanding are more importa

17、nt than money.They are more helpful and useful because they can guide our ways of learning about the world and help us solve problems all the time wihle money can just buy certain goods and solve problems for some time.2 What is the writers attitude towards the way of acquire knowledge?The writers a

18、ttitude to acquiring knowledge is to keep asking questions and respect facts.How did the writer make his/her opinion clear to the readers?Find the expressions that show the writers attitude.The writer illustrated his/her points by using examples of Galilei and ideas from great thinker like Bacon.The

19、 expressions that show the writers attitudes are like:it seems obvious,luckily for us,however,it is not surprising,primitive ideas,it felt like,make the assumption,was wrong at times,sit back and say,a world with questions,owe so muchto,step out from the shadow,to find the kingdom of knowledge,more

20、vital to,more benificial toThe following sentences all contain false information.Use the words and phrases below to correct them.inefficient approve of didnt want to abandon constantly growing and changing continue 1.In Bacons days,the working style of the government was very efficient._ _In Bacons

21、days,the working style of the government was very inefficient.2 People were strongly against Galileis studies at first and then they urged him to give up._ _3 Our understanding of the world is stable._ _People approved of Galileis studies at first and then they urged him to continue.Our understandin

22、g of the world is constantly growing and changing.inefficient approve of didnt want to abandon constantly growing and changing continue 4 People in the past were willing to give up what they had always thought as true._ _People in the past didnt want to abandon what they had always thought as true.i

23、nefficient approve of didnt want to abandon constantly growing and changing continue Look at the three critical thinking questions below.Prepare at least two more questions you can ask about this passage.Then ask and answer the questions in groups.Why did the writer write this passage?How do I know

24、what Im reading is true?What is the relationship between the ideas in the text?obvious/b vi s/adj.显然的，明显的；易理解的it is obvious that 显然显然It is obvious that you do not hold the same opinion.很明显你的观点不同。It is obvious that smoking does harm to our health.很显然吸烟对健康有害。obviously adv.（用于强调）显然，显而易见（用于强调）显然，显而易见ran

25、k/r k/n.等级in rank 成队列；排队成队列；排队Options in rank order,best to worst.按照从最佳到最劣的顺序。rank with 与与并列并列He can never take rank with the great writers.他绝不能与伟大的作家相提并论。in the front rank 著名；在前著名；在前列列Britain is no longer in the front rank of world powers.英国再也不是位于前列的世界强国。abandon/bn dn/vt.放弃；抛弃with abandon 恣意地，放纵地恣意

26、地，放纵地They were smoking and drinking with abandon.他们肆意抽烟、喝酒。abandon oneself to 沉溺于沉溺于Ive met much difficulties,but I dont abandon myself to despair.我也遇到过很多困难，但是我没有气馁，没有自暴自弃，没有泄气。abandoned adj.被抛弃的被抛弃的,废弃的废弃的 eg There was an abandoned house in the forest.assumption/s m p n/n.假定，假设assumption of risk 承担

27、风险承担风险assumption of duty 就职；就职；任职任职assume v.假定，假设，认为；装出，做出假定，假设，认为；装出，做出assume responsibility 承担责任承担责任I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it.我错了，我愿为此承担责任。beneficial/be n f l/adj.有利的，有帮助的benefit n.好处，益处；好处，益处；v.对（某人）有用，使受益对（某人）有用，使受益benefit from 得益于；得利于得益于；得利于Young people benefit fr

28、om various kinds of outdoor activities.年轻人能从各种户外活动中受益。Children of every age benefit from patient parenting.每个年龄段的孩子们都从耐心的养育中受益。worthy adj.值得（或应得）的sth.be worthy of+n.值得sth.be worthy of being done.值得做（do与sth.之间为动宾关系）sth.be worthy to be done值得做（do与sth.之间为动宾关系）1.Since the outbreak of COVID-19,a vast num

29、ber of nurses threw themselves into the battle without hesitation and proved worthy of the great trust placed in them.新冠肺炎疫情暴发后，广大护士毫不犹豫地投身这场战役，不负重托。2.He is a man who is worthy of being praised/to be praised.他是一个值得称赞的人。approve vi.赞成，同意 approve of.赞成/同意 an approve of(sb./sb.s)doing sth.同意/赞成（某人）做某事 a

30、pprove of+wh-从句同意/赞成 The government approved of the idea that illegal hunting should be forbidden.Never do your parents approve of you/your breaking away from the union，I bet.Jim stole a glance at Mary to see if she approved of what he was suggesting.approve vt.批准，通过；核准Good news is that the committe

31、e has approved the new educational budget.好消息是委员会已经通过了新的教育预算。urge vt.竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 urge sb.to do sth.敦促烈要求某人做某事 urge that.敦促/强烈要求（从句谓语用should+动 词原形”形式，should可省略）The whole class is discussing a newspaper article that urges citizens to help reduce the noise and air pollution of the ciy.全班正在讨论报纸上的一篇文章，这

32、篇文章敦促市民帮助减少城市的噪声和空气污染。The report urged that all children(should)be taught to swim.这份报告呼吁教所有的儿童游泳。urge n.C强烈的欲望，冲动 have/feel an urge to do sth.有做某事的欲望/冲动 Having enough fat and salt at meal times will reduce the urge to snack(vi 吃点心）between meals.吃饭时摄入充足的脂肪和盐会减少两餐之间吃零食的欲望。owe vt.归功于，归因于 owe sth.to sb.

33、/sth.把某事归因于/归功于某人/某事 He owes his good health to his regular life.他把自己的健康归功于规律的生活。These early settlers owed their survival to difficult labor and determination to succeed.这些早期的移民把他们的幸存归功于艰苦的劳动和必胜的决心。owe vt.欠(账、债）；欠（情）owe sb.sth.(for.)=owe sth.to sb.(for.)（因)欠某人某物 He still owes his friend$1,000.=He st

34、ill owes$1,000 to his friend.他还欠他朋友1000美元。I really think you owe the man an apology for what you have done.我真的认为你应该为你的所作所为向这位男士道歉。vital adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 be vital to/for.对极为重要 It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要。Its vital that.尤为重要。（that引导的主 语从句中谓语要用“should+动词原形”的形式，（should 可以省略）Although these measures are n

35、ot effective forever,they are vital for now.尽管这些措施并非永远有效，但目前至关重要。Skilful employees are vital to the success of any company.技术好的雇员对任何公司的成功都极为重要。to start with(给出首要理由）首先，第一 There are a lot of problems with your paper.To start with,you move from one point to anoter at random.你的论文有很多间题。首先，你随意地从一个观点谈论到另一个

36、观点。to start with 起初，开始时 To start with,the presure on her was considerable,but now she feels beter.刚开始时她的压力相当大，但现在她感觉好多了。不定式短语 to start with在句中作插入语，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。常用的此类不定式（短语）还有：tobegin with首先，to sum up总之，to be brief简而言之，to conclude最后，to be frank坦白说，to be honest 老实说，to summarize总的来说，to make maters wor

37、se更糟糕的是。with+宾语+现在分词”结构with+宾语+现在分词”结构为with复合结构的一种形式，其中宾语可由名词或代词充当，现在分词表示主动或动作正在进行。with复合结构在句中通常作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因或条件等。The English class ended with all singing an English song.（all 和sing之间是逻辑上的主谓关系）With the final exam drawing near,your parents will not probably allow your to spend too much time on the I

38、nternet.（the final exam和draw之间是逻辑上的主谓关系）Difficult sentenceIt seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding.今天，如何获取知识、认识世界，人人皆知。解析：解析：It是形式主语，后面是形式主语，后面how引导的从句是真正的主语。引导的从句是真正的主语。It is+adj+其余成分。其余成分。obvious=clear 明显的明显的Page36Difficult sentenceAt that time,people believed more in the ch

39、urch than in facts,and people like Galileo Galilei(1564-1642),who proved the idea that“the Earth is not the centre of the universe”were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.那时人们相信教会胜过相信事实，像伽利略那样证明了“地球不是宇宙中心”的人物，往往会被教会惩罚，也没有人会为他们辩护。解析：解析：who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Galileo Galilei；that引导同位语从句，解释名词引导同位语从句，解释名词idea的内容。其次，的内容。其次，with是复合结构，是复合结构，在句中在句中作状语。作状语。no one与与come之间是逻辑之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。上的主谓关系。Page36