Unit9 Grammar （ppt课件）-2023新北师大版（2019）《高中英语》必修第三册.pptx

1、Unit 9LearningGrammar选择正确的答案选择正确的答案1.The old man planned 1.The old man planned(to build/(to build/building)a new house the next year.building)a new house the next year.2.My sister is considering 2.My sister is considering(changing/to change)her present job.(changing/to change)her present job.3.Unluc

2、kily,the boy failed 3.Unluckily,the boy failed(passing/to(passing/to pass)the final exam.pass)the final exam.to buildto buildchangingchangingto passto pass4.He promised 4.He promised(to offer/offering)us(to offer/offering)us some practical advice.some practical advice.5.A large amount of money 5.A l

3、arge amount of money(was/were)(was/were)wasted on the project.wasted on the project.6.Not only the girl but also her parents 6.Not only the girl but also her parents(is/are)fond of the film.(is/are)fond of the film.to offerto offerwaswasareare一、接动词一、接动词-ing-ing形式或不定式的动词形式或不定式的动词1.1.接动词接动词-ing-ing形式的

4、动词形式的动词(词组词组)有有:admit,advise,avoid,cant help,cant admit,advise,avoid,cant help,cant stand,consider,delay,enjoy,fancy,finish,give stand,consider,delay,enjoy,fancy,finish,give up,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,put up,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,put off,risk,suggestoff,risk,suggest等等I really cant

5、stand working with such a selfish I really cant stand working with such a selfish person.person.我确实无法忍受和这样自私的人一起共事。我确实无法忍受和这样自私的人一起共事。These days my brother is practising speaking These days my brother is practising speaking English.English.这些天我哥哥正在练习说英语。这些天我哥哥正在练习说英语。【即学即用】【即学即用】单句语法填空单句语法填空Do you m

6、ind Do you mind(open)all the windows(open)all the windows now?now?In the end the boy admitted In the end the boy admitted(cheat)in(cheat)in the exam.the exam.The man decided to delay The man decided to delay(announce)(announce)the result.the result.openingopeningcheatingcheatingannouncingannouncing2

7、.2.接不定式的动词接不定式的动词(词组词组)有有:afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,decafford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,decide,expect,fail,help,learn,manage,offer,plan,persuaide,expect,fail,help,learn,manage,offer,plan,persuade,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tell,wish,would de,pretend,promise,refuse

8、,seem,tell,wish,would like/love,preferlike/love,prefer等等Her parents couldnt afford to send her to school Her parents couldnt afford to send her to school at the time.at the time.当时她的父母没有钱送她去上学。当时她的父母没有钱送她去上学。Later,she chose to be a teacher in the countryside.Later,she chose to be a teacher in the co

9、untryside.后来后来,她选择在乡村做了一名老师。她选择在乡村做了一名老师。Dont worry!He has promised to help us when we Dont worry!He has promised to help us when we get into trouble.get into trouble.不用担心不用担心!他已经答应在我们遇到麻烦时帮助我们。他已经答应在我们遇到麻烦时帮助我们。【即学即用】【即学即用】单句语法填空单句语法填空When she grew up,she chose When she grew up,she chose(be)a(be)a

10、doctor.doctor.He managed He managed(find)an empty room for(find)an empty room for the homeless children.the homeless children.to beto beto findto find3.3.既可以接动词既可以接动词-ing-ing形式也可以接不定式的动词有形式也可以接不定式的动词有:begin,continue,intend,startbegin,continue,intend,start这些动词后跟动词这些动词后跟动词-ing-ing形式或不定式意思上差别不大形式或不定式意思

11、上差别不大,或或意思相同。意思相同。He started to build/building his own laboratory.He started to build/building his own laboratory.他开始建造他自己的实验室。他开始建造他自己的实验室。hate,like,love,preferhate,like,love,prefer大部分表示大部分表示“喜欢喜欢”或或“不喜欢不喜欢”的动词常跟动词的动词常跟动词-ing-ing形形式式,也可以接不定式也可以接不定式,但有时在意思上略有区别。但有时在意思上略有区别。I hate driving alone on a

12、long journey.I hate driving alone on a long journey.我不喜欢独自一人长途开车。我不喜欢独自一人长途开车。He hates to lie to his mother.He hates to lie to his mother.他讨厌对他的妈妈撒谎。他讨厌对他的妈妈撒谎。forget,mean,regret,remember,stop,tryforget,mean,regret,remember,stop,try这些动词后面用动词这些动词后面用动词-ing-ing形式和用不定式意思不同。形式和用不定式意思不同。regret to do sthre

13、gret to do sth遗憾地要去做某事遗憾地要去做某事regret doing sthregret doing sth做了此事之后感到后悔做了此事之后感到后悔I regret to say that the meeting wasnI regret to say that the meeting wasnt t successful.successful.我很遗憾地说我很遗憾地说,这个会议没有成功。这个会议没有成功。She regrets mentioning it to me.She regrets mentioning it to me.她后悔向我提及此事。她后悔向我提及此事。rem

14、ember to do sthremember to do sth记得要去做某事记得要去做某事remember doing sthremember doing sth记得曾做过某事记得曾做过某事Remember to send an email to your mother.Remember to send an email to your mother.记得给你妈妈发一封邮件。记得给你妈妈发一封邮件。Do you remember seeing him there?Do you remember seeing him there?你记得在那里见到他了吗你记得在那里见到他了吗?stop to

15、do sthstop to do sth停下正在做的事停下正在做的事,开始做另一件事开始做另一件事stop doing sthstop doing sth停止正在做的事情停止正在做的事情They stopped to have a rest.They stopped to have a rest.他们停下来休息。他们停下来休息。We stopped talking because we heard a strange We stopped talking because we heard a strange noise outside.noise outside.我们停止了谈话我们停止了谈话,

16、因为我们听到外面有奇怪的声音。因为我们听到外面有奇怪的声音。try to do sthtry to do sth努力、尽力做某事努力、尽力做某事try doing sthtry doing sth试着做某事试着做某事,看是否可以达到预期的结果看是否可以达到预期的结果I tried to ring you but I couldnI tried to ring you but I couldnt get through.t get through.我尽力给你打电话我尽力给你打电话,但是打不通。但是打不通。I Ill try baking bread tonight.ll try baking b

17、read tonight.今晚我要尝试烤面包。今晚我要尝试烤面包。【即学即用】【即学即用】单句语法填空单句语法填空I regret I regret(tell)you that you have been(tell)you that you have been fired.fired.I remembered I remembered(take)to the park(take)to the park by my parents.by my parents.Im sorry,but I didnt mean Im sorry,but I didnt mean(harm)(harm)you.yo

18、u.Dont forget Dont forget(write)to your parents(write)to your parents at weekends.at weekends.to tellto tellbeing takenbeing takento harmto harmto writeto write二、主谓一致二、主谓一致英语中主语和谓语保持一致英语中主语和谓语保持一致即谓语动词的形式必须随即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语人称和数的变化而变化着主语人称和数的变化而变化叫主谓一致。叫主谓一致。英语中的主谓一致常见的有下列几种情况英语中的主谓一致常见的有下列几种情况:(一一)语法结

19、构的一致语法结构的一致1.1.由连词由连词andand或或both.and.both.and.连接的两个并列成分作主语连接的两个并列成分作主语,其谓语动词一般用复数。其谓语动词一般用复数。Both Tom and his little brother have passed the Both Tom and his little brother have passed the exam.exam.汤姆和他弟弟都通过了考试。汤姆和他弟弟都通过了考试。注意注意 当当andand连接的两个词或词组表达的是同一个人、物连接的两个词或词组表达的是同一个人、物或概念时或概念时,谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词

20、都是名词谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词都是名词,则第二则第二个名词前不用冠词。个名词前不用冠词。The peasant and writer is making a speech in the The peasant and writer is making a speech in the meeting room.meeting room.那位农民作家正在会议室里发表演讲。那位农民作家正在会议室里发表演讲。主语后有主语后有with,together with,like,but,as well with,together with,like,but,as well as,except,inclu

21、ding,rather than,besidesas,except,including,rather than,besides等引导的词等引导的词或短语时或短语时,谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致。谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致。The teacher together with some students is The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.visiting the factory.老师带着一些学生正在参观工厂。老师带着一些学生正在参观工厂。2.2.两个并列的名词前有两个并列的名词前有each,e

22、veryeach,every等修饰时等修饰时,谓语动词一谓语动词一般用单数。般用单数。Each student and each teacher was given a ticket.Each student and each teacher was given a ticket.每个学生和老师都发了一张票。每个学生和老师都发了一张票。Every man and every woman is at work.Every man and every woman is at work.所有人都在工作。所有人都在工作。3.3.在正式的文体中在正式的文体中,由由not only.but not onl

23、y.but also.,not.but.,also.,not.but.,neither.nor.,either.or.,orneither.nor.,either.or.,or等连接两个并列主等连接两个并列主语时语时,其谓语动词与其靠近的主语保持一致。其谓语动词与其靠近的主语保持一致。there bethere be句式句式也是如此。也是如此。Not only the students but also the teacher hasnNot only the students but also the teacher hasnt t e.学生们和老师都没来。学生们和老师都没来。Neither

24、 the children nor the mother likes this Neither the children nor the mother likes this kind of music.kind of music.孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。Either you or I am to blame.Either you or I am to blame.你或我该受责备。你或我该受责备。There is a book and two pens on the desk.There is a book and two pens on the desk.书

25、桌上有一本书和两支钢笔。书桌上有一本书和两支钢笔。【即学即用】【即学即用】单句语法填空单句语法填空The student,together with his classmates,The student,together with his classmates,(go)to the park every Sunday.(go)to the park every Sunday.Either the man or his brothers Either the man or his brothers(invite)to the party last night.(invite)to the par

26、ty last night.goesgoeswere invitedwere invitedNot only food but also some clothes Not only food but also some clothes(send)to that area so far.(send)to that area so far.It is you,rather than your sister,It is you,rather than your sister,(be)(be)to blame for the accident.to blame for the accident.hav

27、e been senthave been sentareare(二二)意义一致原则意义一致原则1.1.表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积等的复数名表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积等的复数名词作主语时词作主语时,通常将其视为一个整体通常将其视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。Three kilometers is too far for the child.Three kilometers is too far for the child.三千米路程对这个孩子来说太远了。三千米路程对这个孩子来说太远了。2.2.集合名词集合名词family,class,crowd,team,g

28、overnment,company,groupfamily,class,crowd,team,government,company,group等等作主语时作主语时,如果强调整体如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数;如果强调个体如果强调个体,谓谓语动词用复数。语动词用复数。Our class is better than any other class at Our class is better than any other class at playing football in our school.playing football in our school.在我们学校在我们学校,

29、我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。(强强调整体调整体)His family are waiting for him to come back from His family are waiting for him to come back from abroad.abroad.他的家人正在等他回国。他的家人正在等他回国。(强调个体强调个体)3.3.当当people,police,cattlepeople,police,cattle等集体名词作主语时等集体名词作主语时,谓语动谓语动词往往用复数。词往往用复数。The police are searching

30、for the lost child.The police are searching for the lost child.警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。4.4.不定代词不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,something,no one,nobody,everything,someone,somebody,something,no one,nobody,nothing

31、,each,the other,either,neithernothing,each,the other,either,neither等作主语时等作主语时,谓谓语动词用单数。语动词用单数。Since everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.Since everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.既然大家都到了既然大家都到了,我们开会吧。我们开会吧。5.none of5.none of与不可数名词连用时与不可数名词连用时,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数;none of;none of与复数名词、代词或单数集合名词连用时与复

32、数名词、代词或单数集合名词连用时,动词用单数或复动词用单数或复数均可。数均可。None of the information about him has been None of the information about him has been received.received.没收到一点关于他的消息。没收到一点关于他的消息。None of them knows/know the answers.None of them knows/know the answers.他们中没有人知道答案。他们中没有人知道答案。6.6.专有名词作主语专有名词作主语表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词

33、作主语时表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。OneOne ThousandThousand andand OneOne NightsNights tells people lots of tells people lots of mysterious folklore.mysterious folklore.一千零一夜给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。一千零一夜给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。The United Nations plays an important role in the The United Nations plays an imp

34、ortant role in the international affairs.international affairs.联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。7.7.动词不定式、动词动词不定式、动词-ing-ing形式或从句作主语时形式或从句作主语时,谓语动词谓语动词用单数。用单数。How to solve the problem is to be discussed at the How to solve the problem is to be discussed at the meeting.meeting.如何解决这个问题要在会上讨论。如何解决这个问题要

35、在会上讨论。Whether he will help us with it doesnWhether he will help us with it doesnt matter t matter too much.too much.他是否帮我们处理它关系不大。他是否帮我们处理它关系不大。Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有害。在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有害。【即学即用】【即学即用】单句语法填空单句语法填空The family The family(ha

36、ve)dinner when(have)dinner when someone knocked at the door.someone knocked at the door.None of them None of them(be)willing to(be)willing to present themselves on the platform.present themselves on the platform.When to hold a meeting When to hold a meeting (decide)(decide)already.already.Listening

37、to music before the exam always Listening to music before the exam always(help)you to relax.(help)you to relax.were havingwere havingare/isare/ishas been decidedhas been decidedhelpshelps(三三)需要注意的几种情况需要注意的几种情况1.1.当百分数或分数修饰的名词作主语时当百分数或分数修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数还是用复数一般由名词来决定。还是用复数一般由名词来决定。About three

38、fourths of the surface of the earth is About three fourths of the surface of the earth is water.water.地球表面大约四分之三是水。地球表面大约四分之三是水。About 50 percent of the students in our school are About 50 percent of the students in our school are girls.girls.我们学校大约百分之五十的学生是女生。我们学校大约百分之五十的学生是女生。2.a number of(2.a numb

39、er of(许多许多),a variety of(),a variety of(各种各样的各种各样的)和和a a group of(group of(一群一群,一组一组)修饰名词作主语时修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复谓语动词要用复数形式。但是数形式。但是the number of(the number of(的数目的数目)和和the variety the variety of(of(的种类的种类)修饰名词作主语时修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。谓语动词要用单数形式。试比较试比较:A number of students are from the south.A number of

40、students are from the south.不少学生来自南方。不少学生来自南方。The number of students from the south is large.The number of students from the south is large.来自南方的学生数量很多。来自南方的学生数量很多。A variety of toys are on sale in that shop.A variety of toys are on sale in that shop.那个商店出售各种各样的玩具。那个商店出售各种各样的玩具。The variety of goods o

41、n sale in that shop is The variety of goods on sale in that shop is surprising.surprising.那个商店出售的货物品种多得惊人。那个商店出售的货物品种多得惊人。【即学即用】【即学即用】单句语法填空单句语法填空Two thirds of the money Two thirds of the money(spend)on this project.(spend)on this project.has been spenthas been spent翻译句子翻译句子参加这个活动的人的数量是参加这个活动的人的数量是5

42、00500。四分之三的村民现在生活得很幸福。四分之三的村民现在生活得很幸福。The number of the people taking part in the The number of the people taking part in the activity is 500.activity is 500.Three quarters/Three fourths of the villagers are Three quarters/Three fourths of the villagers are leading a happy life now.leading a happy l

43、ife now.一、选择正确的答案一、选择正确的答案1.Look!There 1.Look!There(is/are)a bag and some(is/are)a bag and some books on the long table.books on the long table.答案答案:isis2.The teacher and writer 2.The teacher and writer(is/are)talking(is/are)talking to the children kindly.to the children kindly.答案答案:isis3.A number o

44、f runners 3.A number of runners(was/were)very(was/were)very tired after the long journey.tired after the long journey.答案答案:werewere4.To my surprise,the girl offered 4.To my surprise,the girl offered(giving/to give)me some advice.(giving/to give)me some advice.答案答案:to giveto give5.The old man suggest

45、ed 5.The old man suggested(borrowing/to borrow)some equipment.(borrowing/to borrow)some equipment.答案答案:borrowingborrowing6.The thief attempted 6.The thief attempted(escaping/to(escaping/to escape)from the house,but failed.escape)from the house,but failed.答案答案:to escapeto escape7.When she stayed ther

46、e,she pretended7.When she stayed there,she pretended(being/to be)a famous doctor.(being/to be)a famous doctor.答案答案:to beto be8.When he heard the news,he couldn8.When he heard the news,he couldnt help t help (crying/to cry)at the time.(crying/to cry)at the time.答案答案:cryingcrying9.The boy as well as h

47、is classmates 9.The boy as well as his classmates (play/plays)football on the playground after(play/plays)football on the playground after school.school.答案答案:playsplays二、翻译句子二、翻译句子1.He couldn1.He couldnt stand working in so bad conditions.t stand working in so bad conditions.答案答案:他无法忍受在那样恶劣的条件下工作。他无

48、法忍受在那样恶劣的条件下工作。2.The girl entered from the back door to avoid 2.The girl entered from the back door to avoid being seen.being seen.答案答案:为了避免被看见为了避免被看见,那个女孩从后门进来。那个女孩从后门进来。3.It3.Its wrong of you to give up carrying out that s wrong of you to give up carrying out that plan.plan.答案答案:你放弃执行那个计划是错误的。你放弃执

49、行那个计划是错误的。4.Three quarters of the students are working very 4.Three quarters of the students are working very hard now.hard now.答案答案:现在四分之三的学生学习非常努力。现在四分之三的学生学习非常努力。5.The man intended to send his son to that country 5.The man intended to send his son to that country for education.for education.答案答案:

50、这个人打算送他的儿子去那个国家学习。这个人打算送他的儿子去那个国家学习。6.The number of citizens leading a green life is 6.The number of citizens leading a green life is about 3,000 here.about 3,000 here.答案答案:这里过绿色生活的市民大约是这里过绿色生活的市民大约是3,0003,000人。人。7.Missing this bus means waiting for another 30 7.Missing this bus means waiting for an