牛津译林版七年级上册英语期中必会语法知识复习提纲（实用！）.docx

1、牛津译林版七年级上册英语期中必会语法知识复习提纲l 不是所有的基础知识都考查固定用法，也会考查分析能力和思考能力如：to do表目的，可以放在任意句中have a party to celebrate it use sth. to do sth. go out to have dinnerl 知识点 在某的空闲时间 in ones free time 他是我的偶像 He is my hero. 我的偶像之一 one of my heroes 阅读是有趣的事 Reading is fun. if表示如果，后面的句子要用一般现在时 other其他的与else的辨析： other后一定要加名词（可数

2、复数或者不可数名词） else后面不能加名词（疑问词后面，what else; who else) (或者复合不定代词后面，something else; anything else) much和many表示许多，much后加不可数名词，many后加可数名词复数。同理：too much +不可数名词；too many加可数名词；much too加形容词和副词。（注意：没有many too）much还可以表示程度,如like.very much; learn much about; 时间介词：in+大时间 in 2016 in summer in January in+普标的早中晚：in the

3、 morning/afternoon/evening on+具体某天 on Sunday on July 1st on the School Open Day on+具体的早中晚：on Monday morning on the morning of July 1st on a cold morning on a winter morning at+钟点/年龄/节日： at 8:00 at noon at night different 不同的1) be different from 与不同 be the same as 与相同2) different后面的名词要注意复数 keep doing

4、: 一直做某事 He keeps running. total 短语：in total 总计，总共 I have 100 books in total. a total of 总共 There are a total of 100 books.注意点：The total number of the students is 54. be interested in 对感兴趣be interested in sth/doing sth. be good at=do well in be in=be a member of Youre welcome. 不用谢。同义短语：Not at all. Th

5、ats all right. take费时，需要.时间It takes sb. 时间 to do sth. lendlend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth.辨析单词：borrow（lend是借给别人，borrow是从别人那儿借过来）borrow短语：borrow sth. from sb.keep借 between在之间辨析单词：between在两者之间 among 在三者及以上之间 between A and B （宾格） both（两者）都句型：1) Both A and B(注意：作主语时A和B都要用主格both he and I；谓语动词不用三单)both of .

6、(注意：of后面用代词用宾格，谓语动词不用三单）They/We both(注意：both在be动词后，行为动词前，谓语动词不用三单）辨析单词：all （all是三者及以上都，both是两者都）both、all在句中的位置 句型：What do you think of sth?你觉得怎么样？（询问观点） 同义句：How do you like sth? Exercise1)名词：锻炼-不可数 一套动作-可数 练习-可数 morning exercises eye exercises math exercises exercise books2)动词 锻炼 He seldom exercises

7、.=He seldom does exercise. each用法整理：1) Each + 单数+三单：Each student has a computer. 2) Each of +the+复数+三单：Each of the students has a computer. 3) They/We each +动词复数：They each have a computer. =Each of them has a computer. 家长会 the parents meeting 带领某人参观show sb. around 来自 come from/be from (Do/Doescome f

8、rom;Befrom) 去游泳/跑步/购物go swimming/running/shopping 今天是几月几号 Whats the date today? 在前面 in front of 教学楼the classroom building 在第一层 on the ground floor 开会 have meetings /have a meeting 穿白色衬衫的那个男人 that man in a white shirt 我的朋友们的照片 pictures of my friends 从上午八点到下午五点半from 8 a. m to 5:30 p. m. 各种各样的书 all kin

9、ds of books 人称代词 用法：主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾单数人称排序： 第二人称第三人称第一人称 you ,Tom and I复数人称排序：第一人称第二人称第三人称 we, you and theyteach us English 频率副词1) never（从不）, seldom（很少）, sometimes（有时）, often（经常）, usually（通常）,always（总是）频率副词用在be动词后,用在实义动词前。比如：He is always ready to help others. 2) 其他表示频率的词：once（一次），twice（两次），three time

10、s（三次）3）对频率副词提问用：How often? 比如：How often do you go to the park?seldom放在三单和动词中间时，动词仍要注意三单。 He seldom exercises.seldom是否定词，some要变any，and要变成or。I seldom have any books. I seldom eat sweets or fruit. 向某人问好/道歉/谢谢/再见say hello/sorry/thanks/goodbye to sb 是该做某事的时候了Its time for sth.=Its time to do sth.是该某人做某事的时

11、候了 Its time for sb.to do sth. 玩得开心 have a good/great/wonderful time=have fun=enjoy oneself开心地做某事have fun doing sth=enjoy oneself doing sth.=Have a good time doing sth. 记日记 keep a diary 上课have lessons 做课外活动do after-activities 彼此聊天 (have a )chat with each other 对某人友好be nice/good/kind/friendly/great to

12、 sb. open动词/形容词1. let sb. _ 2. want sb. _(not)3. How about _ 4. Thanks for _5. tell sb. _ 6. have fun _7. have a good time _ 8. It is fun _9. help sb. _ 10. Its time for sb. _11. have time _ 12. Love/hate/like/dislike/enjoy_13. practise _ 14. ask sb. _(not)15. would you like_ 16. go_17. why not _ 18

13、. why _ you _ (not do) 19. make sb. _ 20. need sb. _答案：1.let sb. do 2. want sb. (not) to do4. How about doing 4. Thanks for doing6. tell sb. to do 6. have fun doing8. have a good time doing 8. It is fun to do10. help sb.( to )do 10. Its time for sb. to do12. have time to do 12. Love/hate/like/dislik

14、e/enjoy doing14. practise doing 14. ask sb. (not) to do16. would you like to do 16. go doing18. why not do 18. why dont you do20. make sb. do 20. need sb. to do21. 动名词使用范畴：1) dancing shoes swimming pool drawing club (动词在名词前用doing)2) 动词做主语3) 介词后面4) 上述固定搭配 某人最喜欢什么？Whats sbs favourite sth?=What sth. do

15、/does sb. like best?如：Whats your/Jims favourite festival?=What festival do you/does Jim like best? 告诉某人关于某事 tell sb. about sth. 与某人谈论某事 talk to/with sb about/of sth变式句型：I dont know who to talk to/with. I dont know what to talk about/of. Who do you talk to about it? What do you talk about to him? (为)

16、 准备好某物get sth. ready for . get clothes ready for wintersth. be ready for . clothes are ready for winter 钟点表达法：半之前 用past 分钟数 past钟点数 如：7:20 twenty minutes past 7 7:30 half past 7半之后 用to 距离下个钟点的分钟数 to 下个钟点数 如：7:45 a quarter to 8 对有好处 be good for 对有坏处 be bad for 辨析短语：be good at擅长于 be good/nice to 对某人很好

17、 给某人某物 give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.双宾语结构：show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. write sb. Sth.=write sth. to sb. lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb. buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. make sb. sth.=make sth. for sb. 早饭/晚饭/午饭吃have sth. for breakfast/lunch/dinner What do/does sb. have for breakfast/lunch/dinner There

18、 be句型There be sth. +地点状语（注意be动词用就近原则）如：There is a desk and two chairs in each room.There are two chairs and a desk in each room.否定句：There is no +单数/不可数名词 + 地点状语。 There isnt a +单数+地点状语。 There arent any +复数+地点状语。 There isnt any +不可数名词+地点状语。一般疑问句：Is there a +单数+地点状语? Is there any +不可数名词+地点状语? Are there

19、 any +复数+地点状语?特殊疑问句：Whats +地点？ How many +可数名词复数+are there +地点状语？ How much +不可数名词+is there +地点状语？注意点：There be句型绝对不能再用have。 各种各样的 different kinds of all kinds of 表示建议的句型总结：Would you like some . Would you like to do.What about/How about some. What about/How about doing.Why not have some. Why not do .Sh

20、all we have some. Shall we do.Can I have some. Can you give me some.总结：表示建议的句型中some不用换成any，其次，动词形式也是重要考点。 离某地不远 not far away from sp. 考点：far和away的区别：在词汇题里，far和away都翻译为远，请看下列句型：be far (away) from sp. be XX miles (away) from sp.总结：1) far和具体多少米不能共用。 2) away可有可无，具体用不用看格子。 3) 有距离某地才加from,没有距离某地不要from.如：M

21、y school is 500 metres _ (远) from my home.My school is _ (远) from my home. 从中学到很多 learn a lot from=learn much from了解很多 learn a lot about=learn much about 走路去某地 go to sp. on foot=walk to sp.(home, here, there前不加to) 坐公交车去某地 go to sp. by bus=take a bus to sp.=go to sp. on the bus 骑车去某地 go to sp. by bik

22、e=go to sp. on the bike=ride to sp. 开车去某地 go to sp. by car=go to sp. in a car=drive to sp. 总结：by是介词，后面强调方式，所以只能跟不加冠词的名词单数 on和in也是介词，后面强调具体的交通工具。（除了car用in，其余都用on） 谢谢你的帮助。Thanks for your help. Thanks for helping me.Thank you for your help. Thank you for helping me. 疑问词+to do think about what to wear注意

23、点：1) 这里的疑问词一般在句子中间，不会出现在开头 2) 请注意这两个短语：what to do和how to do it，看到其中任何一个即选 3) 注意动词后的介词：I dont know which room to live in. I dont know who to talk to/with. I dont know what to talk about/of. I dont know which floor to live on. I hope +that从句（注意没有hope sb. to do)hope to dowish一、 特殊疑问句：结构：特殊疑问词+be动词/助动词/

24、情态动词+主语+. (注意如果特殊疑问词做主语，那么谓语动词要用三单，如：what makes; who gives.)一) 特殊疑问词辨析：1. The book on the desk is mine. (针对特征提问用which) The book is on the desk.(针对地点提问用where)2. The man is a teacher.(针对职业提问用what) The man is my teacher.(针对身份提问用who)3. I go there three times a week. (针对次数提问用how many times) I go there th

25、ree times a week. (针对频率提问用how often)4. It is 5 minutes walk from here.(针对时间段+交通方式提问用how far)5. I watch TV for 3 hours every day. (针对时间段提问用how long) How long do you watch TV every day?=How much TV do you watch every day?二) be动词助动词情态动词的辨析：看原句，原句中有be动词和情态动词，那句型转换也用be动词或者情态动词。如果原句中用的是行为动词，那么如果是原形就用助动词do

26、，如果是三单式就用助动词does。三) 原则:划线部分的单词不能出现在问句中，如果划线部分是动词短语，那么要改为相应的do的形式，如：I go to the park every morning. What do you do every morning.Im running now. What are you doing now?二、 名词：一) 名词的复数形式：1. +s2. 以s，x，ch，sh结尾的单词+es3. 以o结尾的单词有生命的+es，没有生命的+s4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的-y改ies，以元音字母+y结尾的直接+s5. 以f，fe结尾的去f和fe加ves（初中阶段只有gira

27、ffe是直接加s）6. 不规则：man和woman变a为e；foot和tooth变oo为ee；child变children；mouse变mice；sheep, fish, Chinese, Japanese单复同形。三) 所有格：1. 一般来说，只有表示人和时间的名词才能加所有格：如：Jacks my mothers todays newspaper last years card* a twenty minutes walk=a twenty-minute walk2. 所有格的形式有：s ss是不以s结尾的词加所有格（包括单数名词和不规则复数名词）s是以s结尾的词加所有格（包括以s结尾的单

28、数名词和复数名词）如：Childrens Day Mothers Day Teachers Day三、 现在进行时：1. 表达：现在正在做的事情及这一阶段在做的事情。2. 标志词：now Listen! Look! at the moment these days3. 动词形式：be doing 否定：be not doing 疑问：Be sb. doing4. Doing变形注意点：1) 直接+ing2) 以不发音的e结尾去e加ing（seeing）3) 以辅元辅重读结尾双写尾字母加ing:put run stop plan swim等等4) 以ie结尾的去ie改y+ing：lie-lying tie-tying die-dying5. 语境：Wheres .? Its xx:00. Be quiet!6. 注意点：有些词没有现在进行时：1) have表有：Look! He has a lovely dog. (但是have表示进行一件事时有进行时)2) 系动词没有进行时：Listen! The song sounds beautiful.(但是feel表示某人感觉有进行时)3) 表达人的情感，喜好的词没有进行时：如want, like, hate, hope等等。第 12 页 共 12 页