牛津深圳版七年级上册英语期末复习重点语法知识背诵提纲.doc

1、牛津深圳版七年级上册英语期末复习重点语法知识背诵提纲七年级上册U11German adj/n德国的；德国人单数复数国家a Chinese two Chinese Chinaa Japanese two Japanese Japanan Englishman two Englishmen Englanda Frenchman two Frenchmen Francean American two Americans Americaa GermanGermansGermany口诀：中日两不变，英法a变e，其它直接s2I live with my family in a house close to

2、 some mountains live with 与一起生活；live in 居住在close to= near 接近；离近 3 I am good at swimming and playing basketball.擅长游泳和打篮球。be good at doing sth 擅长做某事（介词+v-ing）拓展：be good/nice/friendly to sb 对某人友好 be good/bad for 对有益处/害处 4I want to make friends with young people from all over the world! （1）want to do st

3、h = would like to do sth = feel like doing sth 想要做某事（2）make friends with sb 与某人交朋友（3）all over the world=every country in the world=around the world 全世界七年级上册U1语法：一、疑问词的用法。what什么how soon多久（以后）what colour什么颜色how long多长what size多大号how far多远what time什么时间which哪一个whats the date today?问日期who谁what day is it

4、today?问星期whose谁的how many多少，对数字提问where哪儿how much多少，提问价格或不可数名词why为什么， 多用because 回答how often提问频率how about.怎么样（询问意见）how old多少岁（询问年龄）学生默写什么多久（以后）什么颜色多长多大号多远什么时间哪一个问日期谁问星期谁的多少，对数字提问哪儿多少，提问价格或不可数名词为什么， 多用because 回答提问频率怎么样（询问意见）多少岁（询问年龄）二、不定冠词的用法。不定冠词有a和an两个，a用于发音以辅音音标开头的单词前面；an用于发音以元音音标开头的单词前面特殊用法一小时an hou

5、r一间大学a university一件制服a uniform一本有用的书a useful book 三、连词and, but, so的用法。1and用来连接具有并列或对称结构的词或句子，意为“和，及，并，又”。如：I have short black hair and brown eyes 2but表转折，意为“可是，但是”。如：She sings well but she cannot dance 3so表因果关系，意为“所以，因此”。如：It is near my house, so I can walk to school 学生默写七上U1close to接近七上U1go to scho

6、ol去上学七上U1be good at擅长七上U1make friends with与交朋友七上U1all over遍及七上U1d like to=would like to do愿意七年级上册U21. I always have a good time at school. have a good time = enjoy oneself= have fun 玩得开心 at school 在学校 2. We make great music together. 我们一起演奏动听的音乐。 make friends交朋友 make cakes做蛋糕 3. Lunch is from 11:50

7、to 12:30 p.m.fromto 从到 from Monday to Friday 4. Then Tom, Jack and I take part in the school band practice. take part in:参加5. How short it is!这是一个由“how”引起的感叹句句型为：（1）how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语（有时也可以省掉主谓语） How big the room is! （2）What+a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！ What a kind man he is！ （3）What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语！

8、What fine weather it is today！U2语法一般现在时一、 定义与讲解1. 一般现在时：表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态，或说明主语的特征。2. 时间状语：often 经常，usually通常，always 总是，every每个，sometimes 有时，on Sunday只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。3. 三单变化：（1）直接在动词词尾加-s.ask-asks work-works get-gets stay-stays（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.watch-watches wish-w

9、ishes fix-fixes do-does（3）以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.try-tries study-studies cry-cries fly-flies（4）.不规则变化：be- is are have-has一般现在时的句子转换：（1）当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词提到主语的前变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句. 例：陈述句：She is a student.疑问句 Is she a student?否定句 She is not a student.陈述句：I can swim.疑问句 Can you

10、swim?否定句 I can not swim.（2） 当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，用助动词来帮忙。例：陈述句：We get up at 7:00 every morning.疑问句Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?否定句We dont get up at 7:00 every morning.陈述句：She has a little brother. 疑问句 Does she have a little brother?否定句 She doesnt have a little brother.七年级上册U31 Some live on th

11、e land. Some fly in the sky. Some live under the water.有些生活在陆地上，有些飞翔在天空中，还有些住在水底下。注意介词搭配：on the farm 在农场 on the playground 在操场on the wall 在墙上面 in the wall 在墙里面 on the tree 在树上（长在树上）in the tree 在树上（跑到树上）2 There are also many people like you and me on Earth. 地球上还有很多像你我一样的人。（1）also, too, either的区别：also

12、常用于肯定句中，位于实义动词前，或用于be动词，情态动词之后；而too通常用于肯定句末；either用于否定句末。如：I really like this song, and I like the first one too. 我很喜欢这首歌。我也喜欢第一首。I dont like singing. She doesnt like singing, either. 我不喜欢唱歌，她也不喜欢唱歌。（2）本句中like是介词，意为“像一样”。如：Thats not right. Do it like this. 那样不对，像这样做才对。 3 The Earth provides us with a

13、ir, water and food. 地球为我们提供了空气、水和食物。provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物4 Today, there is a lot of pollution. 今天，有很多污染。pollution不可数名词，意为“污染”。pollute，意为“污染；弄脏”。air pollution 空气污染noise pollution 噪声污染There is a lot of pollution in the air here. 这里的空气有大量的污染。5 We put our rubbish into the sea and under the ground

14、. 我们把垃圾倒入海洋、埋入地下。putinto 把放入；把倒入 6 We must stop doing these things. 我们必须停止做这些事。stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”，即停下手头正在做的事情。如：Its time for class. Stop talking. 到上课时间了，不要说话了。stop to do sth. 指停下手头的事情，去做另一件事情。如：We stopped to talk when we met in the street. 当我们在街上碰见时，我们停下来说话。7 It is important for us to protect

15、 the Earth for our future.对我们来说，为未来而保护地球是很重要的。 It is+形容词adj.+for sb.+动词不定式短语to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是。如：It is important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语是很重要的。以上句型中，有时也可将for sb. 省去，即It is+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是样的Unit 3 语法【解析1】怎么区分可数名词和不可数名词【讲解1】可数名词可数名词有单、复数之分。一般来说，表示人或事物的名词和集体名词等一般都是可数的；能与不定冠词a, an连用。如：a

16、boy 一个男孩；a desk 一张课桌；a film 一部电影；a story可在可数名词前用some, many, a lot of, a few等词或词组表示数量的多少。如：some books, many trees, a few boys等。【讲解2】不可数名词不可数名词，通常只有一种形式，没有单复数的变化, 所以不能和a/an 连用。如：water水, air空气, music音乐, tea茶, meat肉, milk牛奶, rice米饭；我们可以在不可数名词前用some, much, a lot of, a little等词或词组表示数量的多少。如：some milk, some

17、 juice, some bread, a little water, much meat等。【讲解3】不可数名词可以和量词连用。如：a bottle of water 一瓶水怎样变名词复数：情况如下：（1）特殊词，特殊变化，需单独记。childchildren，manmen，footfeet，womanwomentoothteeth，sheepsheep，deerdeer（2）一般的词在单数词后直接+“-s”。bookbooks，penpens，carcars，mapmaps，cartooncartoons（3）以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词+“-es”。boxboxes，watchwatch

18、es（4）以辅音字母+y结尾的名词去掉“y”，改成“i”，再加“-es”。familyfamilies，comedycomedies（5）以f或fe结尾的词，先去掉f或fe，改成“v”，再加“-es”。knifeknives，wifewives，二、 there be句型。 There is+单数名词/不可数名词There are+复数名词(1) There is an apple on the table.(2) There is some water on the floor.(3) There are some English books in my bag.There be句型考点：就

19、近原则There is an apple, two pears and some peaches on the box.学生默写七上U2junior high school初级中学七上U2on foot步行七上U2take part in参加七上U2have a good time过得愉快七上U2go to bed去睡觉七上U2get up起床七上U3provide.with.为提供七上U3put.into.把倒入七年级上册U41. 复合不定代词thingbodyoneeveryeverythingeverybodyeveryonesomesomethingsomebodysomeoneany

20、anythinganybodyanyonenonothingnobody(一) some- /any- 的复合代词的用法与some, any 的用法基本一致 肯定句以及期待肯定回答的疑问句用some-，否定句和疑问句通常用any-。They saw something in the sky.Would you like something to drink?Is there anything important this month? (二) 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语用单数。Is everyone here today?Everyone likes gifts.(三) 复合不定代词的修饰语要

21、置于复合不定代词之后。I have something important to tell you.Is there anything wrong with it?2. People usually spend time with their relatives during the Spring Festival.春节期间，人们通常都会花时间和亲戚待在一起。 spend意为“花费（时间），度过”，常用句型spend(time) with sb意为“花时间和某人一起；和某人一起度过”。如： I often spend the holiday with my parents.我经常和父母一起度假

22、。 spend(time) (in) doing sth意为“花时间做某事阶词in可以省略）”如：I often spend two hours doing my homework.cost 的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下：sth. costs (sb.) 金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。takeIt takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了

23、三年时间修完了这条路。pay的基本用法是：pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买。例：Dont worry! Ill pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。学生默写七上U4take a trip去旅行七上U4go on a picnic去野餐七上U4make snowmen堆雪人七上U4fly kites放风筝七上U4go swimming去游泳七上U4have a picnic野餐七年级上册U51 TomorrowIllbeoneofthefirststudentstotravelintothespace.oneofthe .当中的之一，后面的名词要

24、用可数名词的复数。Heisoneofthetopstudents. 他是尖子生之一。2 sothat以便，引导目的状语从句IgetupearlytodaysothatIcancatchthefirstbustowork.我今天早起以便能赶上去上班的头班车。3 Withoutgravity,ourbodiesmaygetweak,sowellhavetodoexerciseseveryday.Without 介词：没有，后接名词、代词或动名词He left home without saying a word .他离开了家,一句话都没说4 They will also need a large

25、amount of air so that people there can breathe.alargeamountof大量后接不可数名词，动词用单三alargenumberof大量后接可数名词，动词用原形5 Im going to take as many photos an I can, that is, if my camera will work up there.as +adj/ adv+as sb can 尽某人所能eg: The rabbit runs as fast as it can. You should practice English as often as you

26、can.你应该尽你所能的经常练习英语U5语法一般将来时一般将来时表示将要发生而还没有发生的动作或状态。一般将来时的构成及句型转变1. will do表将来They will go on a picnic in Wu Tong Mountain next week.否定句：They wont go on a picnic in Wu Tong Mountain next week.一般疑问句：Will they go on a picnic in Wu Tong Mountain next week?肯定回答： Yes, they will. 否定回答：No, they wont.特殊疑问句：W

27、here will they go on a picnic next week?总结： 一般将来时的疑问句句型结构-（特殊疑问词）+will + 主语+动词原形+其他？练习：I will go to the supermarket tomorrow.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯定回答： 否定回答：_ 特殊疑问句： 2. be going to do表将来She is going to plant trees tomorrow.否定句: She isnt going to plant trees tomorrow.一般疑问句： Is she going to plant trees tomorro

28、w?肯定回答：Yes, she is. 否定回答：No, she isnt.特殊疑问句：What is she going to do?练习：I am going to travel to Shanghai.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 特殊疑问句： 七年级上册U61. Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world.上海是世界上最大的城市之一。 “one of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词/代词”意为“最之一”，当其作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Tom is one of the tallest boys in our

29、 class. 2. The Pudong New Area, just across the Huangpu River, has many modern buildings.就在黄浦江对岸的浦东新区有着很多现代建筑。(1) 副词just，意为“正好，恰好”，常用于肯定句。Thats just what I wanted. Its just seven oclock. (2) across作介词“穿过，横过”之意，着重从事物表过的一边到另一边；介词through意为“穿过”，但它着重指从空间一头到另一头。【区别cross，across和through的用法：】cross 作动词用，“穿过，越

30、过”的意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路（road）过桥（bridge）、过河（river）等，与go across同义。across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。如，The Great Green Wall is across the northwest of China.绿色长城横跨中国西北。 across与go/walk等动词连用表示“穿过，越过，横穿”的意思。与cross基本同义，也是表示从物体表面经过。Go across the road , you will find the post office on your left.横过这条公路，你会发现邮局就在你的左边。t

31、hrough是介词，“在.之中，透过”的意思，常与go,walk等动词连用，表示“穿越，横穿”等意思。主要表示从物体内部穿过。如穿过森林（forest）、隧洞（tunnel），洞穴（cave）三关于条件句的时态，常见的有以下三种情况：1、条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。When I grow up, Ill be a nurse and look after patients.我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。2、如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。 If you want to have a chat ,call me up.3、如果主句是含有情态动词时，根

32、据需要从句多用一般现在时。You should be quiet when you are in the reading room.在阅览室时应保持安静。 学生默写七上U5more than多于七上U5be able to能够七上U5have to不得不，必须七上U5so that以便七上U5take photos拍照七上U5as.as.像一样七上U5that is也就是说七上U5such as例如七上U6travel guide旅游手册七上U6place of interest名胜古迹七上U6in the centre of在.的中心七上U6light up点亮，照亮七上U6in the n

33、orth-west of在西北部七年级上册U71 Linda and Leo were very surprised.surprised形容词，意为“对感到惊奇”，句子的主语通常是人; surprising形容词，意为“令人惊奇的”，主语通常是物； 2 But a few minutes later, an old lady found it and gave it back to me! a few _ later 几分钟后 _还给，归还 a few意为“几个，少数（还有几个，肯定意义）”，用来修饰_复数。 few意为“几个，少数（几乎没有，否定意义）”，用来修饰可数名词复数。 区别：lit

34、tle, a little +不可数名词（有a则有，无a则无）3 I was so excited that I could not sleep. 我很兴奋以至于睡不着觉。 sothat意为“如此，以致于”，e.g.: The little girl is so lovely that everyone loves her.U7Grammar 一般过去时（一）一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作； 过去存在的状态。一般过去时中，动词过去式的构成规则1. 一般情况下，直接加ed。如:visit-visited2. 以不发音的e结尾，加d。如:live-lived3. 以辅音字母+y结尾，把y改成i，加

35、ed。如:study-studied4. 以元音字母+y结尾，直接加ed。如:play-played5. 重读闭音节结尾的词，双写末尾字母加ed。如:stop-stopped6. 不规则变化，如:go-went句型变化否定句：主语+didnt+动词原形+其他 主语+wasnt/werent+其他如：I didnt go to the park yesterday.They werent free yesterday.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他 Was/Were+主语+其他如：Did you go to the park yesterday?Yes,I did./No,I didn

36、t.Were they free yesterday?Yes,they were./No,they werent.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句如：What did you see in the zoo?Who were at home last night?学生默写七上U7learn about学习七上U7all the way一路上，自始至终七上U7of course当然七上U7remote control遥控器七上U7look up查阅，查验七年级上册U81. What do you think ofWhat do you think of the movie? 你觉得这部电影怎么样？W

37、hat do you think of going for a walk? 我们去散步怎么样？2. So you shouldnt spend too much time collecting things. spend v. 花费 过去式：spent sb. spend time/money on sth某人花费时间做某事 = sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth e.g.: I spent 5 yuan on the book. = I spent 5 yuan (in) buying the book.【用法详解】花费过去式句子结构paypaidSb.

38、pay 金钱 for costcostSth. cost (sb.) 金钱taketookIt takes / took sb. 时间 to do sth.spendspentsb. spend 金钱/时间 on sth.sb. spend 金钱/时间 (in) doing sth.3. thank you/thanks for (doing) sth. 因而感谢(for后接名词、代词或动名词)Thank you for giving me the gift. 谢谢你送我这个礼物。4. over adv. 多于，超过 = more than The number of the students

39、 in the school is over 10,000. 这个学校的学生数量超过一万人。（二）Grammar-人称代词和物主代词1.人称代词定义：人称代词用来代替上下文提到的人或事物。人称代词分为主格和宾格两种形式。主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。数单数复数格主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemshehertheythemitittheythem用法：1）人称代词主格用来作主语，一般放在谓语动词之前。例如：I am from China.我来自中国。We are good friends.我们是好朋友。He often pla

40、ys basketball on the playground.他经常在操场上打篮球。2）人称代词宾格用来作宾语，放在动词或介词的后面。例如：Mr.Wang teaches us English.王老师教我们英语。Let me help you.让我来帮你。Whats wrong with him ？他怎么了？2. 物主代词：定义：表示某人或某物的归属的代词。即“你的，我的，他的”等代词；分为形容词性的物主代词与名词性物主代词。形容性的物主代词在句中作定语，放在名词前；名词性物主代词则代替一个名词，在句中用法与名词相同其后不能再加名词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性my

41、ouryouryourits/his/hertheir名词性mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs用法：1）形容词性物主代词相当于形容词的性质，放在名词之前。如：His brother is an engineer. 他的哥哥是位工程师。2） 名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能使用名词。 如： This is my pen. Yours is yellow. 这是我的钢笔。 你的笔是黄色的。My pen is broken. Please give me yours. 我的钢笔坏了。请把你的给我吧。学生默写默写日期：_人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称单数复数第二人称单数复数第三人称复数单数单数单数反身代词反身代词的单复数形式表格如下：人称单数复数第一人称myself我自己ourselves我们自己第二人称yourself你自己yourself你们自己第三人称himself