Unit 4 Words and expressions 单词详解课件ppt-（2023新教材）高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、Unit 4 Journey across a vast landWords and expressions人教版选择性必修二 1.enrol vi.&vt.(使)加入;注册;登记1.You may want to enrol your child in a nearby school.2.You can come and enrol your children in the school.3.I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.enrol/enroll(US)nrl v.(使使加入；注册；登记加入；注册；登记(1)enrol in sth.注

2、册；参加enrol in a course 注册学习一门课程enrol for 报名参加enrol sb.as.招收某人为enrol(sb.)in sth.招收(某人)参加enrol new students 招收新生(2)enrolment n.登记，注册，入伍，入会，入学We enrolled him as a member of the society.The scene made me recall the time when I _(enrol)in a university.It took us two days _(enrol)the new participants.They

3、were enrolled _ new soldiers in school.enrolledto enrolas2.typical adj.典型的，有代表性的be typical of 是是的特点的特点typically adv.典型地；通常典型地；通常eg.Its a typical Italian caf.It was typical of her to forget.Typically,a doctor will see about thirty patients a day.3.pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的pleased adj.快乐的，高兴的;满意的be pleas

4、ed to do sth.开心做某事pleasing adj.令人高兴的，满意的pleasure n.高兴；荣幸eg.The restaurant was large and pleasant.pleasant adj.令人愉快的令人愉快的/舒适舒适/惬意惬意/宜人宜人 友好的友好的/和蔼可亲的和蔼可亲的unpleasant adj.令人不快的pleasing adj.令人高兴的，满意的pleasure n.高兴；荣幸pleased adj.快乐的，高兴的;满意的be pleased with=be content with=be satisfied with 对.满意be pleased t

5、o do sth.高兴/乐于做某事have the pleasure of doing sth 有荣幸做某事with pleasure 非常乐意It is a pleasure for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是一件快乐的事4.contrary adj.相反的;相对立的n.相反的事实(事情)【词汇拓展】contrary to与与相反相反on the contrary相反相反1.Contrary to expectation,he didnt win in the contest.2.You think you are clever;on the contrary,I assu

6、re that you are very foolish.3.Unexpectedly,two contrary views came up at the meeting.4.The contrary of“wet”is“dry”.5.proceed vi.行进;继续做【词汇拓展】proceed with sth继续做某事继续做某事proceed to do sth继续做某事继续做某事proceed towards/to朝朝行进行进1.Were not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.2.Passengers for Ro

7、me should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding.3.The marchers proceeded slowly along the street.4.He outlined his plans and then proceeded to explain them in more details.proceedprsid v.行进；继续做行进；继续做proceed to sth继续做继续做/参加参加proceed with sth.继续某事proceed to do sth.继而做某事proceed to the next point 进入下一个论点proce

8、ed to an MA 攻读文科硕士学位proceed to explain it in details 接着详细地解释它proceed to Paris 去往巴黎Travis paused to refer to his notes,and then proceeded _ his demonstration.Patrick said he liked my work,but then proceeded _(tell)me everything was wrong with it.Passengers for Miami should proceed _ Gate 25.withto te

9、llto6.arise vi.起身；出现；由引起arise from/out of=result from 由由引起，产生引起，产生1.What problems may arise when humans are cloned?2.A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.3.He arose from his seat.4.Accidents often arise from/out of carelessness.1.说出下列句子中的arise是什么含义1)Wha

10、t problems may arise when humans are cloned?2)He arose from his seat.3)Accidents often arise from carelessness.vi.起身起身起床起床 出现出现/产生产生 arisearosearisen A arise from B A因B产生/A由B引起=arise out of=result fromarise arouse ones interest/sympathy 唤起唤起某人的兴趣、同情心某人的兴趣、同情心rise,raise,arise,arouse单词词性/词义过去式过去分词现在分词

11、arisevi.起身；出现；由引起arosearisenarisingrisevi.渐渐上升;起立，起身roserisenrisingraisevt.举起，使升高；提升，提拔；提出raisedraisedraisingarouse vt.唤起 arousedarousedarousing用用arise,arouse,rise,raise的适当形式填空的适当形式填空1)The river has _ by several meters.2)He _ his eyes from his work.3)Smoke _ from the chimney.4)Her behavior _ the sus

12、picions of the police.risenraisesarisesarouses【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Can we begin discussing matters _(由由引引起起)the last meeting?2)That morning I _(起床起床)early and went out to the road waiting for Mr Brown to pick me up.arosearising from 7.astonishstnv.使十分惊讶使十分惊讶;使吃惊使吃惊be astonished to do sth.因做某事而感到惊讶b

13、e astonished at/by.因而惊讶The doctors were astonished at the speed of her recovery.The news _(astonish)everyone present at the meeting.Hearing the news,he looked _(astonish).To our _(astonish),he ran 1，000 metres in such an _(astonish)speed.astonishedastonishedastonishmentastonishing astonishment n.惊讶

14、in astonishment 吃惊地 to ones astonishment 令某人惊讶的是 astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 astonished adj.感到惊讶的7.astonish vt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊【词汇拓展】【词汇拓展】(1)It astonishes sb that.令某人惊讶的是令某人惊讶的是(2)astonishing adj.令人惊讶的令人惊讶的astonished adj.感到惊讶的感到惊讶的be astonished at/by sth因因/对某事感到惊讶对某事感到惊讶be astonished to do sth对做某事感到惊讶对做某事感到惊讶(3

15、)astonishment n.惊讶惊讶to ones astonishment使某人惊奇的是使某人惊奇的是He was astonished to learn hed won the competition.I was filled with astonishment at her strange action.8.advertisement n.广告;启事【词汇拓展】advertise vt.&vi.为为做广告做广告;做广告做广告advertiser n.广告商广告商;广告人员广告人员1.If you want to attract more customers,try advertisi

16、ng in the local paper.2.A new medicine was advertised in the newspaper.3.Large amounts of money are spent on advertisements every year.4.They make use of advertisements to plug the new product.steel sti:l n.钢；钢铁工业钢；钢铁工业9.massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的 a massive amount of 大量的大量的 mass n.团；块；众多；群众团；块；众多；群众 adj.

17、大规模的；民众的大规模的；民众的 a mass of/masses of 大量的大量的eg.The bell is massive,weighing over 40 tons.Masses of books covered every surface in the room.10.owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)【词汇拓展】owe sb.sth.=owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物owe sth.to sb.把归功于某人owe it to sb that.把归功于某人owing to因为;由于1.I owe a debt of gratitude to all my family.2.I

18、owe it to you that I have been so successful.3.Owing to the rain,the match was cancelled.4.I think you owe us an explanation.owe v.欠欠(账、债、情等账、债、情等);把把归功于某人归功于某人owe sth to sb 欠欠(某人情某人情)；把；把归功于某人归功于某人owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物；将某事归因于某人owe sb.for sth.因某事欠某人钱owe sth.to sb.欠(某人情)；把归功于某人owe sb.a favou

19、r 欠某人一个情He owed his success to teamwork.He owes me an explanation.He owes _You _(应该)to take some rest now._(由于)a tight budget,the project will not proceed next year.an explanation to meowe it to yourselfOwing to owing to 因为;由于11.breath n.呼吸的空气take sbs breath away 令人惊叹breathe vt.&vi.呼吸【拓展】breath短语 ho

20、ld ones breath 屏息;屏气 take a deep breath 深呼吸 lose ones breath 喘不过气来 out of breath 气喘吁吁 catch ones breath 恢复正常呼吸breathe vi&vt 呼吸呼吸：When we breathe,the air goes into our lungs.People are concerned about the air quality they breathe.常用搭配常用搭配breathe in 吸气；吸入：吸气；吸入：Breathe in and hold your breath for as l

21、ong as possible.breathe out 呼气；呼出：呼气；呼出：Take a deep breath and then breathe out when I tell you to.Humans take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.breathing n U 呼吸呼吸He took a deep breath before he went under.他在钻下水前深深地吸了深深地吸了口气口气。Hold your breath and count to ten.屏住呼吸屏住呼吸，数到十。Tired and out of br

22、eath，we reached the top of the mountain.累得喘不累得喘不过气来过气来。My first view of the island from the air took my breath away/was breathtaking/was awesome.我第一次从空中看到这个岛时，叹赏不已叹赏不已。He breathed deeply before speaking again.他深深吸深深吸一口气，然后继续说下去。breath n.呼吸的空气语境感知语境感知take ones breath away令人惊叹令人惊叹breath根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成

23、下列句子根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Jack _（深吸一口气）and then dived into the water.2.Slow down,I need to _（缓一口气）.3._（屏住呼吸）and count to ten.4.Eric came running into the room,_（上气不接下气）.5.The view from the top will _（令你惊叹）.took a deep breathcatch my breathHold your breathout of breathtake your breath away awesome sm

24、 adj.令人惊叹的令人惊叹的;可怕的可怕的;很好的很好的(1)an awesome task 一项艰巨的任务an awesome basketball player 一个了不起的篮球运动员an awesome sight 惊人的景象awesome beauty/power 天仙之美/大得吓人的权力awesome consequences 可怕的后果awe n敬畏，畏惧，敬畏感vt.使敬畏，使赞叹The bold workers had an awesome task ahead.12.bound adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会 v.跳动；弹回 n.跳be bound for 准备前往准备前

25、往/开往开往 be bound to do sth.一定会做某一定会做某事事eg.The ship is bound for South America.Thomas is bound to refuse our help.The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.The little girl bounded to her feet and waved her right hand happily.The ball bounded from the wall.With one bound the deer dis

26、appeared in the thick woods.写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.When you are dealing with so many patients,mistakes are bound to happen._2.We tried to get seats on a Rome-bound flight._3.He bounded up the steps and pushed the bell of the door._4.Her health has improved in leaps and bounds._ 在所难免在所难免

27、 开往罗马的开往罗马的 跳上跳上bound迅速迅速scenery sinri n.风景；景色风景；景色enjoy/admire the scenery 欣赏风景beautiful/fantastic/magnificent scenery 美丽的/绚丽的/壮丽的景色The fantastic scenery was consistent with 一致的our description,making the trip worthwhile.scenery/scene/view/sight Nowadays the priority for travelling is shifted from s

28、hopping to food and _This attractive tour takes you to some of San Franciscos most cheerful holiday _The _ from the top of the tower was exceptional.Sunset is a beautiful _sceneryscenesviewsightscene,scenery,sight,view scene事发地点，戏剧等的一场，场面battle scenes the opening scenescenery 不可数名词，指某一地区的总的整体自然风景The

29、y stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery.sight视力；风景名胜，常用复数形式，多指人文景观The Great Wall is one of the sights of the world.view指从某个角度，尤指从高处或远处看到的景色The view from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.【语境应用【语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)get/have a good _ of the city 2)in/out of _ 视力范围内视力范围内/看不见的范围看不见的范围 3

30、)see the _ 参观名胜参观名胜 4)on the _ 在现场在现场 5)There is a happy _ with children playing in the park.6)Switzerland is famous for its watch-making and beautiful _.viewsightsightsscenesceneryscenespectacular spektkjl(r)adj.壮观的；壮丽的壮观的；壮丽的;惊人的惊人的 n.壮丽的场面；精彩的表演壮丽的场面；精彩的表演(1)spectacularly adv.壮观地；惊人地(2)spectacula

31、r scenery 壮丽的景色spectacular sunrise 壮观的日出景象a spectacular achievement 一项了不起的成就a spectacular rise/fall 急速上升/下降 a spectacular goal 一个精彩的进球I called Andie to tell her _(那东西看上去多么壮观).The news caused_(暴跌)in the stock market.Citizens were encouraged by them to stay at home and _(通过电视收看庆典).how spectacular the

32、stuff lookeda spectacular fallwatch the spectacular on television13.in addition:除此之外 addition n.增添，添加增添，添加(介词短语做副词，单独作状语介词短语做副词，单独作状语)in addition to+名词名词/代词代词/动名词动名词【拓展】add短语 add.to.往加入 add to 增加，加强 add up 加起来 add up to 总共有，（总起来看）说明【语境应用】完成句子。1)This music _ our pleasure and makes us relaxed.2)Do you

33、 believe that Lincolns education _ no more than one year?3)Please _ sugar and milk _ your coffee.They will make it more delicious.4)除此之外，他还得付十美元。He had to pay 10 dollars in addition.5)除了薪水之外，他还有五千美元的收入。He receives 5,000 dollars in addition to his salary.adds toadded up toadd to peak pik n.顶峰；山峰顶峰；山峰

34、;尖形尖形at the peak of 在高峰期at the peak of ones career 处在某人事业的巅峰peak time (收听广播、收看电视的)高峰时间peak season 旺季snow-capped peaks 积雪覆盖的群峰Hotel rooms are difficult to find _(在高峰期)the holiday season.He claims to have found quantities of creatures _(在山顶上).We need extra help during _(旺季).at the peak ofon the peakth

35、e peak season14.freeze vi.&vt.结冰；(使)冻住；突然停止 (freeze,froze,frozen)freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的 n.冰点 freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的 冷：cold凉爽；cold寒冷；freezing cold极冷 暖：warm温暖；hot炎热；boiling hot酷热eg.The cold weather had frozen the ground.I froze with terror as the door slowly opened.How much longer do we have to wait for

36、her?Im freezing.Temperatures remained below freezing during the afternoon.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Its _ here.Cant we shut a few windows?2)It was well below _ when we left.3)Water _ when the temperature falls to zero.freezingfreezingfreezesfreezing friz adj.极冷的；冰冻的极冷的；冰冻的freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的极冷的；冻僵的fre

37、eze friz(froze-frozen)v.结冰结冰;(使使)冻住冻住(1)freezing point 冰点freezing cold 极冷的，冻僵的a freezing winter 寒冷的冬季above/below freezing 冰点以上/以下(2)freeze vi.&vt.结冰；(使)冻住(3)frozen adj.冷冻的；冻僵的了be frozen with fear 被吓呆It is a well-known fact that water _ at 0.Its _ cold outside,so youd better put on more clothes.The a

38、nimal was _ on the road.freezesfreezingfrozen一、一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.How does it live where most fish would freeze to death?_2.Can you freeze this cake?_ 3.The lake had frozen overnight._4.When faced with so many options,the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the ma

39、n holding the chair._5.The smile froze on his face;his mouth fell wide open._6.Salaries have been frozen for the current year._freeze冻死冻死冷藏冷藏结冰结冰停住不动停住不动僵住僵住冻结冻结15.anticipate vt.预料；预见；期望 anticipate doing sth.预期做某事预期做某事 It is anticipated that 据预料据预料 anticipation n.预料，预期；期盼预料，预期；期盼 in anticipation of

40、sth.期盼某事期盼某事antcipate ntspet v.预料预料;预见预见;期望期望(1)It is anticipated that.据预测anticipate doing sth.预计做某事；期待做某事(2)anticipation n.预期；预料；期盼；期望in anticipation of 期待，预期We anticipate that we will meet tremendous difficulties.What is your _(anticipate)salary?I didnt anticipate _(have)to do the cooking myself.I

41、n _(anticipate)of bad weather they take plenty of warm clothes.anticipatedhavinganticipation形近词：participate 参与；参加16.go through:穿过；成功；经历，经受；检查；完成；用完go around 四处走动，流传四处走动，流传go by 过去，经过过去，经过go for 出去，去找，喜欢出去，去找，喜欢go in for 从事，喜欢从事，喜欢go out 出去，熄灭，过时出去，熄灭，过时go over 研究，复习研究，复习go up 上升，上涨；建造；攀爬上升，上涨；建造；攀爬

42、eg.The plan did not go through.They have to go through a hole to reach there.Most families went through a lot during the war.He went through all the money his father gave him.I went through the papers looking for Janes letter.thunder nd(r)vi.打雷打雷;轰隆隆地响轰隆隆地响;轰隆隆地快速移动轰隆隆地快速移动 n.雷声雷声;轰隆声轰隆声(1)thunderou

43、s adj.雷鸣般的(2)the rumble of distant thunder 远处雷声隆隆 a thunderstorm 雷暴thundering traffic 轰隆隆的来往车辆The reformers thundered _ corruption(腐败).What right do you have to thunder _ me like that?againstatpeak n C 尖形；尖头：尖形；尖头：the peaks of a roof 山峰；山顶：山峰；山顶：a mountain peak 常用单数高峰；顶峰常用单数高峰；顶峰(height)：at the peak

44、 of sbs careerBy 700 AD,Maya civilisation was at its peak.Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the mornings.peak adj 最高的；高峰的：最高的；高峰的：peak hours a peak seasonvi 达到最高点；达到高峰：达到最高点；达到高峰：Wind speeds peaked at 105 miles per hour yesterday.写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.The mountain peak was co

45、vered with snow._2.The British Empire was at its peak in the mid 19th century._ 3.The athletes are all in peak condition._4.We need extra help during the peak season._5.Oil production peaked in the early 1980s._ 山峰山峰 处于全盛时期处于全盛时期处于巅峰状态处于巅峰状态peak旺季旺季达到了最高峰达到了最高峰frost frst n.霜；严寒天气霜；严寒天气;霜冻霜冻 v.使蒙上霜；结

46、霜使蒙上霜；结霜形容词后缀形容词后缀 -y形容词后缀-y 可加在名词后构成形容词，意为“充满的(full of)”或“有特质的（characterised by）”。dirt（污垢）+-y dirty adj mist（薄雾）+-y misty adj frost（霜）+-y frosty adj trick（诡计；花招）+-y tricky adj sport（运动）+-y sporty adj smell（气味）+-y smelly adj steel（钢）+-y steely adj skin（皮肤）+-y skinny adj boss（老板）+-y bossy adj stick（棍/条状物）+-y sticky adj 脏的脏的多雾的多雾的结霜的结霜的/严寒的严寒的棘手的棘手的/难对付的难对付的爱好（或擅长）体育运动的爱好（或擅长）体育运动的/（衣服）（衣服）适合运动时穿着的适合运动时穿着的有臭味的有臭味的/发臭的发臭的钢铁般的钢铁般的/坚定的坚定的极瘦的极瘦的/皮包骨的皮包骨的（像老板一样）爱指挥人的（像老板一样）爱指挥人的黏的黏的THANK YOU!