精品解析：2020年山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国Ⅰ卷）（原卷版）.doc

1、 20202020 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语英语 注意事项注意事项: : 1.1.答卷前答卷前, , 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.2.回答选择题时回答选择题时, , 选出每小题答案后选出每小题答案后, , 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动动, , 用橡皮擦干净后用橡皮擦干净后, , 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, , 将答案写在答题卡上将答案写在答题卡上, , 写在写在 本试卷上无

2、效。本试卷上无效。 3.3.考试结束后考试结束后, , 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分第一部分 阅读阅读( (共两节共两节, , 满分满分 5050 分分) ) 第一节第一节( (共共 1515 小题小题: :每小题每小题 2.52.5 分分, , 满分满分 37.537.5 分分) ) 阅读下列短文阅读下列短文, , 从每题所给的从每题所给的 A A、B B、C C、D D 四个选项中选出最四个选项中选出最佳选项。佳选项。 A POETRY CHALLENGE Write a poem about how courage, determination, and

3、 strength have helped you face challenges in your life. Prizes 3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winners choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and t

4、he office of National Geographic World. 6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch. 50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts fina

5、l flight. Rules Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format any number of lines. Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper You may use both the front and back of the paper. On the same sheet of paper, write or type

6、 your name, address, telephone number, and birth date. Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year. 1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six. 2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get? A. A plane ticket. B. A book by Corin

7、ne Szabo. C. A special T-shirt. D. A photo of Amelia Earhart. 3. Which of the following will result in disqualification? A. Typing your poem out. B. Writing a poem of 120 words. C. Using both sides of the paper. D. Mailing your entry on October 30. B Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the

8、typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelors degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 child

9、ren. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sis

10、ters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Jo

11、sephs Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills,

12、and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. Some nights my heart was brea

13、king to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers, she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and thats pretty powerful. 4. What did Jennifer do

14、 after high school? A. She helped her dad with his work. B. She ran the family farm on her own. C. She supported herself through college. D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home. 5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield? A. To take care of her ki

15、ds easily. B. To learn from the best nurses. C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there. 6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? A. Her health. B. Her time with family. C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion. 7. What can we learn from Jenifers story? A. Tim

16、e is money. B. Love breaks down barriers. C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success. C In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country,

17、 he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea. His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where

18、 millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in T

19、ashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers. This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of

20、drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea. Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tal

21、e a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid descr

22、iption of the purest of Central Asian traditions. 8. What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan? A. His friends invitation. B. His interest in the country. C. His love for teaching. D. His desire to regain health. 9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Developing a seriou

23、s mental disease. B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia. C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. D Writing an article about the Aral Sea. 10. Which of the following best describes Mr Bissells road trip in Uzbekistan? A. Romantic. B. Eventful. C. Pleasant. D. Dangerous. 11. What is the purpose of

24、this text? A. To introduce a book. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon. C. To remember a writer. D. To recommend a travel destination. D According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And c

25、ontrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergra

26、duate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But

27、in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the a

28、ctor was thin. For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces. The te

29、sts show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “Ill have what shes having” effect. However, well adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, Ill hold back a

30、 bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, Ill follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why cant I? 12. What is the recent study mainly about? A. Food safety. B. Movie viewership. C. Consumer demand. D. Eating behavior. 13. What does the underlined wo

31、rd “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Big eaters. B. Overweight persons. C. Picky eaters. D. Tall thin persons. 14. Why did the researchers hire the actor? A. To see how she would affect the participants. B. To test if the participants could recognize her. C. To find out what she would do in th

32、e two tests. D. To study why she could keep her weight down. 15. On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph? A. How hungry we are. B. How slim we want to be. C. How we perceive others. D. How we feel about the food. 第二节第二节( (共共 5 5 小题小题: :每小题每小题 2. 52. 5 分分, , 满分满分 12

33、. 512. 5 分分) ) 阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, , 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。项。 Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking._16_Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master. People want to listen to someone who is interesting,

34、 relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ _17_ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection. Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only

35、one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. Peoples attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message. So, dont stop speaking when you make a mistake unless its a truly serious one._18_ Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker

36、._19_And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. _20_Its rare to hear someone say “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably cant count the times that youve thought, “Im glad

37、that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. A. Do the opposite. B. You

38、 want to be an effective public speaker. C. You don t need to apologize for a minor slip. D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners G. However, the majo

39、rity of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 第二部分语言运用第二部分语言运用( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 3030 分分) ) 第一节第一节( (共共 1515 小题小题: :每小题每小题 1 1 分，满分分，满分 1515 分分) ) 阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, , 从每题所给的从每题所给的 A A、B B、C C、D D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The villag

40、e lay near some wetlands which became his second_21_. He learned the value and beauty of _22_ there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something _23_ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the _24_ it caused had driven away a number of bir

41、ds. _25_, the number of snakes had declined as well. He _26_ that it was because there werent enough trees to protect them from the _27_. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek _28_ during the daytime. He turned to the _29_ department for help but was told that nothing

42、 would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and _30_a nearby island where he began to plant trees. _31_ young plants in the dry season was _32_for a lone boy. Molai built at the _33_ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to_34_ rainwater. T

43、he water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai _35_ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice 22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge 23

44、A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward 24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage 25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted 27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust 28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter 29. A. labor

45、 B. police C. forest D. finance 30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed 31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding 32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial 33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side 34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect 35. A. returned B. learned C.

46、 failed D. continued 第二节第二节( (共共 1010 小题小题: :每小题每小题 1. 51. 5 分分, , 满分满分 1515 分分) ) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, _36_ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical o

47、bjects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big _37_ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _38_ (form) the core collection of the British Museum _39_ opened in 1759. The parts of a museum ope

48、n to the public _40_ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museums collection _41_ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research. Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _42_ (they) living at a different time in history or _43_(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the citys Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds an