最全小升初英语语法复习课件.pptx

1、小升初名词小升初名词名词不可数名词只有单数形式，且不可加a/an可数名词单数名词名词前加a/an复数名词名词后加s/esGrammar KnowledgeWhat is this in English?Rule：一般情况，加-s.Practice:bag-bagsmap-mapscar-carsapple-appleschair-chairs Rule:以f或者fe结尾 Practice:knife Rule:以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词，加-es Practice:bus-buseswatch-watchesbox-boxes Rule：以ce,se,ge等结尾的词，加-s Practic

2、e：license-licensesblouse-blousesorange-oranges Rule:以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i,再加-es注意：什么是辅音字母？Practice:baby-babiesfamily-families1.一般情况词尾+sbookspencils2.以s,x，ch，sh结尾的+esbuses，boxes，watches，brushes3.以辅音+y结尾的，把y改成i+escitycitiesfamilyfamilies但是元音+y结尾的，直接+sboys，keys4.以f，fe结尾的把f，fe改为v，再加eslifelivesknifeknives5.以o

3、结尾的名词，加estomatotomatoes;heroheroes名词的复数注意stomachs,pianos,photos,zoos,radios,roofs,beliefs补充 一些特别名词复数形式是不规则的，例如:man-menwoman-womenfoot-feetmouse-micedeer-deer 有些名词单复数同形Chinese-Chinesefish-fish 有些名词以单数形式出现，实际为复数意义police-policechildren-childrenpeople(person)-people表示名族的词，有的在词尾加-s,如：AmericanAmericans，Ge

4、rmanGermans。有的单复数同形，如：aChinesetwoChinese.在姓氏的复数前加定冠词the,指一家人或夫妻俩。如：theSmiths史密斯一家有的单词虽然是s结尾，但是不可数名词news（新闻）physics（物理）maths（数学）politics（政治）Eg.Mathsisausefullanguage.tomatoespotatoesheroesnegroes 可数名词通常用howmany提问，不可数名词后用howmuch提问，后跟不可数名词。Howmanydogsdoyouhave?Howmuchwaterdidyoudrink?flowerflowersbookb

5、ookswatchesboxesbusesbrushesfactoriesbabybabiesfactoryboysboyleafwolfwolvesleavesknifeknivessheep mousegoosesheepMr.Sheep,Howmanysheeparethereinyourfamily?Therearetwosheep.Mr.Mouse,Howmanymicearethereinyourfamily?mouseTherearesixmice.gooseMiss.goose,Howmanygeesearethereinyourfamily?Therearetengeese.

6、1.Ihavetwo_and_.A.leg,feetB.legs,footsC.legs,feet2.Howmany_arethereinthecity?A.factoriesB.factorysC.factorisD.factory3.Youmustcleanyour_everyday.A.toothB.teethC.toothsD.teethsCAB不可数名词（1 1）不可数名词通常指无法计数的人或物，不可数名词通常指无法计数的人或物，如：如：meatmeat（肉），（肉），inkink（墨水），（墨水），airair（空（空气），气），waterwater（水），（水），snowsnow

7、（雪）等。（雪）等。（2 2）不可数名词单复数变化只有一种形式，）不可数名词单复数变化只有一种形式，不可数名词要表示数量的多少时，可用不可数名词要表示数量的多少时，可用some(some(一些），一些），muchmuch（许多），（许多），a lot ofa lot of（许（许多）等词或词组修饰。多）等词或词组修饰。如：如：some juicesome juice（一些果汁），（一些果汁），a lot ofa lot of waterwater（许多水）。（许多水）。（3）若不可数名词非要表示数量时，可在不可数名词前用一个合适的量词词组。量词词组要按英语的习惯与不可数名词搭配，但要注意，用在

8、不可数名词前的量词词组有单、复数的变化。如：apieceofmeat（一块肉），somecupsoftea（几杯茶），twobottlesofmilk（两瓶牛奶）。名词中有些词既可做可数名词，又可做不可数名词。如：fish（鱼、鱼肉），chicken（鸡，鸡肉），cake（蛋糕）等。名词所有格 定义：表示两个名词的所属关系，如：xxx的（某某的）名词所有格一、构成：s+名词“的”a.名词词尾没有s，用sLucyshair/mymothersbagb.名词词尾有s，用sthegirlshighschoolworkersclub根据所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Differentpeoplemayh

9、avedifferent_.(idea)2.Ioftengotoworkon.(foot)3.Iknowoneofthe.(boy)4.Mr.Browniswearingapairof.(glass)ideasfootboysglasses5.Pleasegivethemtheir_.(photo)6.Arethereany_inthebox?(watch)7.Therearetwelve _inayear.(month)photoswatchesmonths()1.Pleasegiveme_paper.A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceof()2.Thistableismade

10、of_.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass()3.Billrunsfast.Hewonthe_800-metreraceyesterday.AboysBboysCboyDboys.()4.Some_cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.Germans B.GermenC.Germany D.Germanies()5.Inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.A.sheeps;foxesB.sheeps;foxesC.sheep;foxesD.sheep;foxsDDBAC选择填空：简单句记忆扫描

11、动词v.实义动词实v.系动词系v.助动词助v.情态动词情v.“三兄弟”V V 老大V-s 老二V-ed 老三V-ing “老四”“三兄弟”V V I go to school by bike.V-s She studies at No.9 School.V-ed I asked questions yesterday.V-ing We are running.系系动动词词bebe动词动词系起来系起来英语中最基本的系动词就是英语中最基本的系动词就是 be be 动词动词！人称 数 现在时 过去时 现在分词 过去分词 常用总结第一人称单单amamwaswas beingbeing beenbeen

12、复复arearewerewere第二人称单单arearewerewere复复arearewerewere第三人称单单isiswaswas复复arearewerewereIam单 is 复 are sound 听起来听起来 look 看起来看起来 seem 看起来看起来 smell 闻起来闻起来 taste 尝起来尝起来 feel 感觉起来感觉起来 【感官动词：“。起来。起来”】become 变成 turn 变成 get 变得 go 变得【系v.】和【实v.】的唯一区别：实v.后面不能跟形容词,而是adv.或者n.。别逼我，你活腻了！1.How old _ she?2.We _ good fri

13、ends.3.Their classroom _ over there.4._ there any milk in the glass?5.When _ Victors birthday?It _ in Dec.6.I _ fine,thank you.规则：自身没有词义：自身没有词义；不能单独使用。不能单独使用。常见：dododoesdoesdiddiddontdontdoesntdoesntdidntdidnt构成构成疑问句疑问句Do you like school life?Did you go to the park yesterday?构成构成否定句否定句 I dont like r

14、ubbish.加强语气加强语气Do come to the party tomorrow evening.He did know the secret.百变星君在此ImakecakeseverySunday.Luciagoestoschoolonfoot.Daddroveustothebeachyesterday.1、常见情态动词：、常见情态动词：，can，could；，may，might；，will，would；，shall,should；，need，must2 2、用法示例、用法示例 ，Mary can speak three languages.你会做什么？你会做什么？，我能帮助你吗？，

15、我能帮助你吗？/你能帮助我吗？你能帮助我吗？，I can not play football.，你应该早点起床。，你应该早点起床。，你必须现在交作业。你必须现在交作业。，mustmust是说话人的主观看法；是说话人的主观看法；have tohave to则强调客观需要则强调客观需要，mustmust只有一般现在时；只有一般现在时；have tohave to要根据时态变化。要根据时态变化。3 3、mustmust&have have to to 一决高下一决高下特殊情特殊情一般现在时一般现在时不同时态不同时态用用 法法 示示 例例主观看法主观看法 have toI have to go to

16、school at 7:00.客观需要客观需要must You must come on time.Li Ming often_English in the morning.A.is reading B.reads C.reading D.read-Is this your ruler?-No,it_his ruler.A.are B.isnt C.arent D.isYou dont_tell him about it.A.must B.can C.may D.have toJack_to his friend.A.reads B.draws C.write D.writesThe sun_

17、in the east.A.gets B.has C.rises D.looksMary _ in the classroom every morning.A.studtys B.is studying C.studying D.studiesI cant _ my pen.Can you see it?A.finds B.Looks for C.find D.look for-_ you swim?-Yes,I can.A.May B.Can C.Has to D.MustHe _ watching TV last night.A.stops B.stopped C.stop D.stope

18、dHow many tenses do you know?The simple present tense.一般现在时 The present continuous tense 现在进行时 The simple past tense 一般过去时 The simple future tense 一般将来时the Simple Present Tense一般现在时1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。Peterusuallygoestoschoolbybike.2.表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征。MissZhengteachesEnglish.3.表示现在的状态。Itiscol

19、d.4.表示客观事实和普遍真理。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.结构:标志语：主语+动词（原形/第三人称单数）often,always,usually,sometimes,once a week等表示频度的副词和时间状语Simplepresenttense第三人称单数The present continuous tense 现在进行时The present continuous tense 现在进行时1.表示现在正在进行的动作和发生的事Eg.-What are you doing?-I am reading a book.2.有时表示现阶段正发生的事,但此刻动作不一定正在进

20、行Eg.He is teaching at the school.We are learning Unit5 these days.3.现在进行时的句子中常有now,或在句首常出现Look!Listen!等提示词Eg.Listen!Danny is singing in the room.He is doing his homework now.:be+doing (be要根据主语作人称和数的变化)1.肯定句转换成否定句,要在 be 后加 not 构成eg.We are reading English now.We are not reading English now.2.陈述句转换成一般疑

21、问句,把be动词提到句首eg.The student is drinking.Is the student drinking?3.陈述句转换成特殊疑问句,由“疑问词+一般疑问句”构成eg.He is working.What is he doing?walkingridingdrawingjumpingdivingdancingclimbingplayingv.+ingsleepstandsweepwashsleeping standing sweeping washing clean jump walk docleaningjumpingwalkingdoingrunningswimswim

22、mingrunsitsittingdancingclosing riding having双写+ing 以动词闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,应双写此字母,再加 ing danceclosee+ing 动词末尾有不发音的e,则去e加-ingridehave 口诀教你学doing 进行时很好记,be加动词-ing;直加双写去哑e,分词构成须仔细;别说 be 无词义,主语和它最亲密;变疑问 be 提前,否定 not 再后添;何时要用进行时 look,listen,now标记.The simple past tense一般过去时一般过去时(simplepasttense)表示 过去某个时间里发

23、生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。The simple past tense基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他The simple past tense时间状语ago-twohoursago,threedaysagoyesterday,thedaybeforeyesterdaylastweek/year/night/monthjustnow,longago,onceuponatime.The simple past tense否定形式was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他+？Sheoften

24、cametohelpuslastyear.Iwasnotateacherfiveyearsago.Ididntknowyouweresobusyjustnow.Didyougotoschoolyesterday?动词变化规则规则变化：1.直接加ed:work-worked,2.以e结尾的单词,直接加d:live-lived3以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed:study-studied4以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed:enjoy-enjoyed5以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母加ed：stopstopped动词变化规则-不规则变化：have/has-hadeat-ateseesawa

25、m/iswasareweregowentdodidtaketookrunransit-satfeel-feltgetgotmeetmetcatchcaughtbuyboughtthinkthoughtsaysaidgivegaveputputwritewroteswimswamkeep-keptsleep-sleptread-readThe Simple Future Tense一般将来时 一般将来时(the future tense)一般将来时表示在将来某一时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。它常与表示将来的时间状语如:soon,tomorro

26、w,next week,in a few days,the day after tomorrow,this evening等结构：begoingto+动词原形will+动词原形表示将要发生的动作，含有“打算”的意思。tomorrow,next week/Sunday,this evening主语+be going to+动词的原形She is going to play football.He is going to go fishing.It is going to do its homework.next weekWhat is he going to do next week?He is

27、 going to go fishing.What is the boy going to do this evening?He is going to play computer.He is going to do his homework.this eveningWhat is the cat going to do this evening?It is going to watch TV.What is the girl going to do tomorrow?She is going to dance tomorrow.What are they going to do tomorr

28、ow?They are going to play basketball.我们除了用“be going to动词原形”可以表示一般将来时外，我们还可以用“will动词原形”来表示一般将来时 will 引导的一般将来时:表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，最基本的结构：will+动词原形 e.g.Iwillgotouniversityaftersixyears.六年后我将上大学了。一般将来时的标志：willFinish the sentences肯定句Studentswillgotoschoolinthefuture.主语+will+动词原形+（宾语）+其他改为否定句：_在will的后面加not即可

29、。willnot可缩写为wont改为一般疑问句：_把will提到句子主语之前，结尾变问号。针对Students改为特殊疑问句：_特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他？Studentswontgotoschoolinthefuture.Willstudentsgotoschoolinthefuture?Whowillgotoschoolinthefuture?小升初英语复习之时态小升初英语复习之时态How many tenses do you know?The simple present tense.一般现在时一般现在时 The present continuous tense 现在进行

30、时现在进行时 The simple past tense 一般过去时一般过去时 The simple future tense 一般将来时一般将来时the Simple Present Tense一般现在时一般现在时1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。的时间状语连用。Peter usually goes to school by bike.2.表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征。表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征。Miss Zheng teaches English.3.表示现在的状态。表示现在的状态。It is cold.4.表示客观事实和

31、普遍真理。表示客观事实和普遍真理。The earth moves around the sun.结构:标志语：主语主语+动词（原形动词（原形/第三人称单数）第三人称单数）often,always,usually,sometimes,once a week等表示频度的副词和时间状语Simplepresenttense第三人称单数The present continuous tense 现在进行时现在进行时The present continuous tense 现在进行时1.表示现在正在进行的动作和发生的事Eg.-What are you doing?-I am reading a book.2

32、.有时表示现阶段正发生的事,但此刻动作不一定正在进行Eg.He is teaching at the school.We are learning Unit5 these days.3.现在进行时的句子中常有now,或在句首常出现Look!Listen!等提示词Eg.Listen!Danny is singing in the room.He is doing his homework now.:be+doing (be要根据主语作人称和数的变化)1.肯定句转换成否定句,要在 be 后加 not 构成eg.We are reading English now.We are not readin

33、g English now.2.陈述句转换成一般疑问句,把be动词提到句首eg.The student is drinking.Is the student drinking?3.陈述句转换成特殊疑问句,由“疑问词+一般疑问句”构成eg.He is working.What is he doing?walkingridingdrawingjumpingdivingdancingclimbingplayingv.+ingsleepstandsweepwashsleeping standing sweeping washing clean jump walk docleaningjumpingwa

34、lkingdoingrunningswimswimmingrunsitsittingdancingclosing riding having双写+ing 以动词闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,应双写此字母,再加 ing danceclosee+ing 动词末尾有不发音的e,则去e加-ingridehave 口诀教你学doing 进行时很好记,be加动词-ing;直加双写去哑e,分词构成须仔细;别说 be 无词义,主语和它最亲密;变疑问 be 提前,否定 not 再后添;何时要用进行时 look,listen,now标记.The simple past tense一般过去时一般过去时一般过

35、去时一般过去时(simple past tense)表示表示 过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格过去主语所具备的能力和性格。The simple past tense基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他The simple past tense时间状语ago-twohoursago,threedaysagoyesterday,thedaybeforeyesterdaylastweek/year/night/monthjustnow,longago,onceuponatime.Th

36、e simple past tense否定形式was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他+？Sheoftencametohelpuslastyear.Iwasnotateacherfiveyearsago.Ididntknowyouweresobusyjustnow.Didyougotoschoolyesterday?动词变化规则动词变化规则规则变化：1.直：直：直接加ed:work-worked,2.去：去：以e结尾的，去e加ed:live-lived3双双：以重读闭音节结尾的,双写加ed：stopstopped4改：改：以辅音字母

37、+y结尾的,变y为i加ed:study-studied动词变化规则动词变化规则-不规则变化不规则变化：have/has-hadeat-ateseesawam/iswasareweregowentdodidtaketookrunransit-satfeel-feltgetgotmeetmetcatchcaughtbuyboughtthinkthoughtsaysaidgivegaveputputwritewroteswimswamkeep-keptsleep-sleptread-readThe Simple Future Tense一般将来时一般将来时 一般将来时(the future tens

38、e)一般将来时表示在将来某一时间将要发生的动作一般将来时表示在将来某一时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示将来某一段时间内经或存在的状态，也可表示将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。它常与表示将来常发生的动作或存在的状态。它常与表示将来的时间状语如的时间状语如:soon,tomorrow,next week,in a few days,the soon,tomorrow,next week,in a few days,the day after tomorrow,this eveningday after tomorrow,this evening等等结构：begoingto+动词

39、原形will+动词原形表示将要发生的动作，含有“打算”的意思。tomorrow,next week/Sunday,this evening主语主语+be going to+动词的原形动词的原形She is going to play football.He is going to go fishing.It is going to do its homework.next weekWhat is he going to do next week?He is going to go fishing.What is the boy going to do this evening?He is go

40、ing to play computer.He is going to do his homework.this eveningWhat is the cat going to do this evening?It is going to watch TV.What is the girl going to do tomorrow?She is going to dance tomorrow.What are they going to do tomorrow?They are going to play basketball.我们除了用“be going to动动词原形词原形”表示一般将来时

41、外，我们还可以用表示一般将来时“will动词原形动词原形”will 引导的一般将来时：表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，最基本的结构：will+动词原形 e.g.Iwillgotouniversityaftersixyears.六年后我将上大学了。一般将来时的标志：willFinish the sentences肯定句肯定句 Studentswillgotoschoolinthefuture.主语主语+will+动词原形动词原形+（宾语）（宾语）+其他其他改为否定句：改为否定句：_在在will 的后面加的后面加not即可。即可。will not 可缩写为可缩写为 wont改为一般疑问句：改为一般

42、疑问句：_把把will 提到句子主语之前，结尾变问号。提到句子主语之前，结尾变问号。针对针对Students改为特殊疑问句：改为特殊疑问句：_特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+will+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他？其他？Studentswontgotoschoolinthefuture.Willstudentsgotoschoolinthefuture?Whowillgotoschoolinthefuture?学习目标学习目标1.一般过去时的概念一般过去时的概念2.动词过去式的构成动词过去式的构成3.一般过去时的基本句型及转换一般过去时的基本句型及转换4.灵活运用（练习）灵活运用（练习）3.结构结构

43、1.概念概念2.时间时间主语主语+动词的过去式动词的过去式+其它其它yesterday(morning)last(year,week,night,month)in 1990(过去的年过去的年)two days agothe day before yesterdayjust now=a moment agonowpastfuture一一.一般过去时的概念一般过去时的概念1.表示表示过去某个时间过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态发生的动作或存在的状态 He was here yesterday.My father was at work yesterday afternoon.2.表示过去经常或反

44、复发生的动作。My mother often went to work by bus last year.When I was a child,I often listened to music.1.与与 连用：连用：用于一般过去时的时间状语用于一般过去时的时间状语lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondaymorningafternooneveningthe day before yesterday 2.与与 连用连用3.与与 连用：连用：5.与与 连用：连用：回顾与思考？1.一般现在时态标志词？2.现在进行时态标志词？1.规则动词 look looked1）一般在动词原

45、形末尾加）一般在动词原形末尾加 ed play played start started2）结尾是）结尾是 e 的动词只加的动词只加-d live lived hope hoped use used3）末尾只有一个辅音字母的）末尾只有一个辅音字母的 重读闭音节词，重读闭音节词，先双先双写这写这 个辅音字母，再加个辅音字母，再加ed stop stoppedplan plannedtrip tripped4）结尾是）结尾是“辅音字母辅音字母+y”的词，的词，先变先变“y”为为“i”再加再加ed study studiedcarry carried二二.动词过去式的构成动词过去式的构成1 1）过去

46、式与原形一样）过去式与原形一样 letlet 让让 putput 放下放下 cut cut 砍砍,剪剪 cost cost花钱花钱 readread读书读书 hurt hurt受伤受伤2 2）变元音字母为）变元音字母为a a runran跑跑 come came过来过来 sitsat坐下坐下givegave给给 drinkdrank喝喝 beginbegan开始开始singsang唱歌唱歌 swimswam游泳游泳3.3.中间去中间去e e末尾加末尾加t t：sleepslept 睡觉睡觉 sweepswept 拖地拖地 keepkept 保持保持 feelfelt 感觉感觉 4.把把i 变成

47、变成owritewrote写写 riderode骑骑(车车)drivedrove开开(车车)2.不规则动词5.ought:thinkthought 想想 buybought买买 bringbrought带着带着 fightfought打仗打仗 6 aught：catchcaught抓抓 teachtaught教学教学7.ow/aw 改为改为 ew knowknew知道知道 growgrew长大长大 throwthrew扔扔 drawdrew画画画画8结尾结尾d变变t：buildbuilt建造建造 spendspent花花 钱钱/时间时间 lendlent借给别人借给别人 sendsent寄寄a

48、m,isare*do*go*havemake*get*eatsaystand*findbeginbringlookplayfeelbuildfightgiveteachsingbuycutcomedrawdrinkdrivehopeusestartwasweredidwenthadmadegotatesaidstoodfoundbeganbroughtlookedplayedfeltbuiltfoughtgavetaughtsangboughtcutcamedrewdrankdrovehopedusedstarted剩余不规则动词表剩余不规则动词表growputreadrunsweepsits

49、leepspendcatchswimwritelivestopplanstudycarrygrewputreadransweptsatsleptspentcaughtswamwrotelivedstoppedplannedstudiedcarried 一般过去时表示一般过去时表示过去时间内过去时间内某人某物存在的状态，某人某物存在的状态，性质等性质等eg:I was ateacherlastyear.She(He)was a singer.WeYou were happy.They三三.一般过去时句一般过去时句型结构型结构 一般过去时：一般过去时：1 1）肯定式肯定式:主语主语be(was/w

50、ere)表语表语2 2）否定式：否定式：主语be(was/werebe(was/were)+notnot+表语3 3）一般）一般疑问式：疑问式：BE(Was Were)+BE(Was Were)+主语表语？4）特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般一般疑问式：疑问式：一般过去时用来表示在过去的时间过去的时间里发生的动作 主语主语动词过去式动词过去式（+ed)其其它它eg:1）Iwenttoworkbybusyesterday.2）youwatchedTVlastnight.3）Weplayedbasketballlastweekend.4）Theyhadlessonstwodaysago.1）He was