北京市平谷区2022-2023高二下学期期末英语试卷及答案.pdf

1、 第1页/共12页 2023北京平谷高二（下）期末 英 语 2023.7 注 意 事 项 1.本试卷共 12 页,包括三部分,满分 100 分。考试时间 90 分钟。2.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上,选择题用 2B 铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束,请将答题卡交回。第一部分 知识运用(共两节,30 分)第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。There Is No Pin

2、g without A Pong In February 2020,my husband,Bob,and I were offered an outdoor pingpong table,but I was not good at pingpong at all.“What are we going to do with that?”Bob asked me.He clearly thought we were about to get something we did not _1_.“The two of us will play.”I replied.Bob looked doubtfu

3、l.The pingpong table arrived _ 2 _ before the COVID-19 quarantines(隔 离)began.We were both working at home.Every day at a little after 5,if it wasnt rainy,we played pingpong for about 45 minutes,driving away the anxiety or _ 3 _ of another day in lockdown.I lost every game.It didnt _ 4 _ me at first.

4、Bob was enjoying the chance to _ 5_.But there were days when I hated losing.Once I threw my paddle across the yard in anger.Then one day Bob suggested I play with a handicap(让步赛)of 12 points.That _ 6_ a lot I sometimes won!The effort of trying to win was _7_.Even when I lost a point,I enjoyed making

5、 Bob work harder for it.Pingpong helped my husband and me _ 8_ the worst of the lockdowns.The gift of the pingpong table gave us a way to have fun in a _ 9_ time.It takes two willing partners to play table tennis.Similarly,it takes two people who would like to _10_happiness with each other to make a

6、 marriage.Simply put,when it comes to table tennis or any other relationship there is no ping without a pong.1.A.need B.protect C.consume D.waste 2.A.additionally B.suddenly C.specially D.shortly 第2页/共12页 3.A.happiness B.excitement C.boredom D.laziness 4.A.benefit B.bother C.appeal D.envy 5.A.dive B

7、.sigh C.freeze D.win 6.A.helped B.struck C.hurt D.involved 7.A.challenging B.disappointing C.pleasing D.annoying 8.A.get in B.get through C.get up D.get on 9.A.frequent B.similar C.difficult D.common 10.A.share B.compare C.bear D.burden 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的

8、单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A On a rainy evening,Bob saw an old lady standing on the side of the road beside her car.He could see she needed help.So he _ 11 _(stop)and said to her,“Im here to help you,madam.Why dont you wait in the car where it is wram?”With much effort,he fixed the prob

9、lem.The lady asked how much she owed him.Bob never expected _ 12_(get)paid.He told her that the next time she saw a person _ 13 _needed help,she could give that person the assistance they needed.B We may think that literature has several genres,but there are really only three poetry,drama and prose.

10、When _ 14_(read)in school,students often encounter these English literary genres.Literary genres are _ 15_(category)of literature that generally are determined by technique,length,tone and content.When we list literary genres from a broader perspective,we know that they can be more abstract,flexible

11、 and loosely defined by comparison.However,when we get more specific into the subcategories,the type distinctions and rules become _16_(particular)clear.C For Kezia Whitaker,cooking has always been a big part of her life.She spent her childhood in the kitchen with her mum,learning about the flavors

12、and skills needed to make an amazing meal.So far Kezia _ 17_(become)the first winner of the BBC cooking competition Young Master Chef.She cooked Jamaican and other Caribbean-style dishes,which _ 18_(describe)as“sunshine on a plate”.Whittaker loves to share her passion with friends online,showing you

13、ng people _19 _ interesting cooking is.“Im so addicted _ 20_ cooking,”she said.“Anything food related,Im running towards it.”第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,38 分)第一节(共 14 小题;每小题 2 分,共 28 分)第3页/共12页 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。A Amy is doing a project on great literary writers.By now,she has collec

14、ted some information.Jane Austen(16 December 1775 18 July 1817)was an English novelist.Austens plots often explore the dependence of women on marriage in the pursuit of favorable social standing and economic security.Her uses of biting irony,along with her realism,humor and social commentary,have lo

15、ng earned her praise.With the publication of Sense and Sensibility,Pride and Prejudice,Mansfield Park and Emma,she achieved success.She wrote two other novels,Northanger Abbey and Persuasion and began another,titled Sanditon,but died before its completion.Her novels have inspired many films.Charles

16、Dickens(7 February 1812 9 June 1870)was an English writer.He created some of the worlds best-known fictional characters.By the twentieth century,critics and scholars had recognised him as a literary genius.Oliver Twist and Great Expectations are frequently adapted.A Tale of Two Cities,set in London

17、and Paris,is his best-known work of historical fiction.Dickens has been praised for his realism,comedy,prose style,unique characterizations and social criticism.Mark Twain(November 30,1835 April 21,1910),was an American writer,humorist,entrepreneur,publisher and lecturer.Among his novels are The Adv

18、entures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,the latter often called“The Great American Novel”.The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,based on a story that he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp,California,was published in 1865.The short story brought international attentio

19、n.His wit and satire earned praise from critics and peers.Arthur Conan Doyle(22 May 1859 7 July 1930)was a British writer best known for his detective fiction featuring the character Sherlock Holmes.In 1887 he published A Study in Scarlet,the first of four novels about Holmes and Dr.Watson.The Sherl

20、ock Holmes stories are considered milestones in the field of crime fiction.He was a prolific writer whose other works include fantasy and science fiction stories,plays,romances,poetry,第4页/共12页 non-fiction and historical novels.21.Which book was produced earliest?A.A Study of Scarlet B.Pride and Prej

21、udice C.A Tale of Two Cities D.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 22.What do we know about The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County?A.It was a drama.B.It attracted global attention.C.It was called“The Great American Novel”.D.It was based on a story that Mark Twain heard in Florida.23._ books are co

22、nsidered landmarks in the field of crime fiction.A.Mark Twains B.Jane Austens C.Charles Dickens D.Arthur Conan Doyles B We have met,just not in person.I am a mortgage(抵押贷款)banker so I do my financial transactions over the phone and computer.This lady is a borrower of mine and I have done two of her

23、refinances over the past few years.She is not a woman that is my mothers age,not a grandmotherly type of client.She is my age.We have never met in person.She lives in New Jersey and I live in California.I always try to make a Mortgage transaction as exciting as and as fun as it can be and of course

24、her loan turned out great,but nothing spectacular happened where I saved the day or anything like that.Everything ran smooth.Mortgage is not the most exciting thing in the United States of America.Every couple of months,for the past three years,she would email me a little note that told me how much

25、she appreciated me,how I made a difference in her life,how smart I was,and how thankful she was of me.I have a stressful job,and sometimes my cheese is falling off my cracker all day long and just one little note from her completely changes my whole day.Sometimes it even makes me cry a little becaus

26、e its exactly what I needed to hear.Little does she know that that one little action to somebody she barely even knows does so much for me over here on the other end.This morning I turned on my computer and was trying to wake up and grunting at my emails and there it was,another note from her.I star

27、ted my day in such a good mood and I let her know how much she makes a difference in my life!I also let her know how lucky the people are that are in her 第5页/共12页 life if she treats everybody like this!Everyone is so stressed out and lonely right now.Take a moment in your day tomorrow to do one litt

28、le nice thing for somebody,even if its for someone you do not know.You can make one little difference in their life and put into motion a whole stream of positivity after that.24.What is the possible relationship between the writer and the woman?A.Buyer and borrower.B.Manager and employee.C.Boss and

29、 customer.D.Banker and client.25.What can we learn from the passage?A.They live in different countries.B.The writer borrowed money from this woman.C.The woman and“I”have met in person before.D.Both of them are thankful to each other.26.From the underlined sentence“sometimes my cheese is falling off

30、my cracker all day long”,we can infer that the writer was_.A.upset B.relaxed C.satisfied D.optimistic 27.What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A.To tell his/her story with an unknown woman.B.To introduce his/her job as a mortgage banker.C.To encourage people to do one little good thing

31、to others.D.To call on people to make a contribution to the whole world.C With the development of technology,computers are more capable of using language.Large language models(LLMs),of which the most famous is ChatGPT,produce what looks like human writing.However,a debate has been aroused over these

32、 items:what the machines are actually doing internally and what the operation of the brain is when humans speak.According to Professor Noam Chomsky,a famous linguist(语言学家),human language is different from all other kinds of communication.All human languages are more similar to each other than they a

33、re to other types of communication,such as whale song or computer code.In a recent New York Times op-ed,Chomsky and two co-authors said“we know”that computers do not think or use language as humans do.LLMs,in fact,just predict the next word in a string of words.It is hard to understand what LLMs“thi

34、nk”.Details of the programming and training data of commercial ones like ChatGPT are proprietary.And not even the programmers know exactly what is 第6页/共12页 going on inside.Linguists have,however,found clever ways to test LLMs underlying knowledge.They found that LLMs can handle some new words and gr

35、asp parts of speech.For example,tell ChatGPT that“dax”is a verb meaning to eat a slice of pizza by folding it,and the system can use it easily:“After a long day at work,I like to relax and dax on a slice of pizza while watching my favourite TV show.”GPT-3(the LLM underlying ChatGPT until the recent

36、release of GPT-4)is estimated to be trained on about 1,000 times the data a human ten-year-old is exposed to.That leaves open the possibility that children have an inborn tendency to grammar,making them far more proficient than any LLM.In a forthcoming paper in Linguistic Inquiry,researchers claim t

37、o have trained an LLM on no more text than a human child is exposed to,finding that it can use even rare bits of grammar.But other researchers have tried to train an LLM on a database of only child-directed language.Here LLMs behaved worse.Perhaps the brain really is built for language,as Professor

38、Chomsky says.28.According to Noam Chomsky,_.A.whale songs are similar to computer code B.no further research shall be carried out on ChatGPT C.computers do not deal with language like humans do D.human language is based on other kinds of communication 29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that.A.LL

39、Ms might become a tool of learning languages B.some linguists are opposed to the technology of LLMs C.linguists have the hobby of daxing on a slice of pizza D.any complicated word in the world can be handled via LLMs 30.The passage mainly tells us.A.what LLMs are not capable of B.how linguists under

40、stand LLMs C.why human should reject ChatGPT D.that human languages would be replaced by ChatGPT D A picture might be worth a thousand words,but sometimes,a few words tell a bigger story.Instagram users find that a carefully thought-out caption for an image can make viewers pause,reveal something ab

41、out the creators personality,drive engagement,and perhaps inspire one to take action.Do labels in museums and art galleries do something similar when paired with artworks?A recent study,done by Kohinoor M.Darda and Anjan Chatterjee,researchers from University of Pennsylvania,was carried out to find

42、the answer.They asked subjects how much they liked 第7页/共12页 abstract and representational paintings.In the first experiment,Northern American subjects viewed Jackson Pollocks abstract works with no additional information or accompanied by biographical information about Pollock as well as his techniq

43、ue for creating art.In the second experiment,Northern American subjects viewed Indian and American-European representational paintings that were either presented with no information or with information about the artworks content,the artist,and their technique.They found that viewers aesthetic judgme

44、nts of liking abstract paintings increased when they had information about Jackson Pollock and his technique,compared to no information.Similarly,viewers liked Indian and American-European representational paintings more when presented with information about the content,the artist,and their techniqu

45、e compared to no information.The influence of this information did not apply equally to everyone.Its effects appeared in people who are open to experience and people with less exposure to art.Contextual information also impacted Indian paintings more than American-European paintings.Without contextu

46、al information,North Americans showed an in-group bias,a tendency to show favoritism toward members of ones own group.In their study,Northern Americans liked American-European paintings more than Indian paintings when no information about the paintings was presented to them.But when the artworks wer

47、e put into context,this in-group bias was reduced.Museums or art galleries serve as information spaces where the museum architecture,the location of objects in its space,guided tours,audio guides,and the use of text labels all transmit information and knowledge to viewers to enhance the aesthetic ex

48、perience.Further,given that the arts create a snapshot of a society or culture at a particular point in space and time,educators can take advantage of context to exert its impact on viewers.Multicultural art education could reduce stereotyping of“the other.”Would todays world be just a little bit ki

49、nder if we could view each other through art and learn a little bit more about different cultural contexts?31.The author mentioned Instagram users example in the first paragraph to_.A.introduce the topic B.arouse readers interest C.emphasize the importance of words D.compare the similarity between I

50、nstagram and Museums 32.What does the underlined word“subjects”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Themes B.Participants C.Courses D.Citizens 33.What can we learn from the passage?A.Viewers presented with contextual information liked abstract and representational paintings equally.第8页/共12页 B.Contextual i