Unit 5　Section B　Learning about Language课后习题-2019新人教版英语选择性必修第一册.docx

1、Section B Learning about Language 课后篇课后篇素养升华 基础训练 .单词拼写 1.When you start to get tired of the busy (城市的) life,it would be better to spend a week at the beach. 答案 urban 2.A passer-by described what he saw moments after the car b had exploded. 答案 bomb 3.The main crop is (小麦) and this is grown even on t

2、he very steep slopes. 答案 wheat 4.It has rich milk (味道) with a little bitter taste,and many people love it. 答案 flavour 5.These c come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. 答案 chemicals 6.They thought the prisoner had escaped through a specially constructed (隧道). 答案 tunnel .短语填空

3、 deal with,turn.into,make good use of,adapt to,complain about,retire from,make up ones mind,succeed in 1.Lets break down the project into smaller parts in order to them one by one. 答案 deal with 2.The main body of the church had been a massive television studio. 答案 turned into 3.The class time should

4、 be to help students grasp the texts focus on content. 答案 made good use of 4.We can learn a lot about how humans dramatic climate change from these remains. 答案 adapt to 5.Parents that children spend so much time on computer games. 答案 complain about 6.Mr Ma will have the national football team by the

5、 end of this year. 答案 retired from 7.The manager has not yet as to who will be in charge of the project. 答案 made up his mind 8.Quite recently man has converting sunlight directly into electrical energy. 答案 succeeded in .语法专练(主语从句) 1.It is a fact English is being accepted as an international language

6、. 答案 that 2. they would support us or not still remains a problem. 答案 Whether 3. you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 答案 That 4. surprised us most was that her works of art soon became famous and were on display in the British Museum. 答案 What 5.Every year, makes the

7、 most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 答案 whoever 6. is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 答案 It 7.When and we will have the sports meeting hasnt been decided yet. 答案 where 8.It has been decided the meeting has been put off until next Monda

8、y. 答案 that 9. we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken. 答案 Whether/When 能力提升 .阅读理解 Its not every day that United States history mixes with microbes(微生物) in the soil.But when the grassland on the National Mall in Washington,D.C.was replaced,it offered scientists

9、the opportunity to study changes in the soil beneath. The work focused on the bacteria present in the soil.To the researchers surprise,the communities of microbes did not change a lot before and after the replacement.These communities in the soil are known as the soil microbiome(微生物群). “My lab is in

10、terested in how microbes can move around in the environment,and how they change and adapt as a result of this movement,” explains Jo Anne Crouch,the lead author of the study.“We thought that the new imported turf(草皮) from New Jersey would introduce different communities of bacteria to the National M

11、all.However,we found that they werent significantly different.” Crouchs work focused on turf grass,defined as a large area of green grass.It is made up of the grass,its roots,and the soil and microbes found with them. Think of the soil microbiome as similar to the collection of microbes found in the

12、 human body.When the microbes are out of balance,it can make someone sick.Crouch says its the same for the soil microbiome.Many of the worst diseases in crops or other environments are linked with changes in the soil microbiome. Additionally,Crouch says that even though the changes between the soils

13、 were small,scientists are also starting to appreciate that sometimes a really important microbe is a rare one.This means it would be hard to observe but could greatly affect how the groups function as a whole.“Agricultural areas and other natural spaces are highly and easily hurt by negative change

14、s,” she says.“Microbiomes offer an almost entirely new opportunity to influence interactions among plants and microbes to improve plant productivity and health.” 【语篇解读】本文介绍对微生物群落的研究,该研究对农业是有益的。 1.Why did the researchers feel surprised when they focused on the bacteria in the soil? A.More bacteria ap

15、peared in the soil. B.Microbes were replaced obviously. C.Soil microbiome almost remained stable. D.The soil microbiomes damaged the environment. 答案 C 解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To the researchers surprise,the communities of microbes did not change a lot before and after the replacement.”可知,让研究者惊讶的是土壤微生物群落变化不大

16、,C项 与该意思相符。 2.By studying the turf grass,what did Crouch and her team find? A.Microbes grew faster in their own community. B.Soil microbiomes were different in different places. C.Turf grass adapted to the environment nearby very soon. D.Similar communities of bacteria were brought by turf grass. 答案

17、 D 解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三两句可知,通过研究草皮,克劳奇和她的团队发现草皮带来了 类似的细菌群落。 3.Why did the author mention the microbes in the human body? A.To indicate the two play a similar role. B.To prove they are both the causes of diseases. C.To examine the environments people live in. D.To analyze the changes of human microbes.

18、答案 A 解析推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Think of the soil microbiome as similar to the collection of microbes found in the human body.”可知,作者提到人体内的微生物是为了表示,它们两者起了相似的 作用。 4.What does Crouch mean in the last paragraph? A.Microbes are still as hard to observe as before. B.Studies on microbiomes can be beneficial to agric

19、ulture. C.Scientists are still puzzled about the effect of microbiomes. D.Too many microbiomes in the soil mean no harm to plants. 答案 B 解析推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句提到“微生物群落提供了一个几乎全新的机会来影响植物和 微生物之间的相互作用,以提高植物的产量和健康。”由此可知,微生物群落的研究对农业是有益的。 .七选五 Nowadays people tend to digitalise everything from watches to fridges

20、.It seems you can choose any item labeled as “smart”. 1 .However,there are plenty that can be used to reduce emissions and save money. If youre a part of the digitalisation movement,you might be interested in the concept of smart homes.It means that every element of your house can be controlled from

21、 a panel on the wall or your phone. 2 .Use your mobile to power them on or off,and you may feel truly modern or truly lazy.Aside from the benefits of living a more comfortable life,this presents an opportunity to cut down on your electrical bills. Electricity generation today represents 31% of total

22、 global fossil fuel use and around 40% of all energy-related CO2 emissions. 3 It is considered as the first step to prevent global climate change.Connect a smart thermometer to the heating and cooling system and set a specific temperature at which the heating begins to work.Doing so,the room will be

23、 at a desired temperature when necessary and switches on a power-saving mode when not occupied.Similarly,by installing a CO2 sensor,you can have an automated ventilation (通风) system. 4 . In a 150,000 m2 office complex near Munich,called Campeon,energy costs of up to 117,067 Euro were saved after the

24、 use of environmental control devices this year.In this way,they are contributing to a large decrease in CO2 emissions.Clearly,smart homes are about much more than just living a comfortable life. 5 A.It is actually about living a green life. B.Smart devices have been installed worldwide nowadays. C.

25、It starts working only when CO2 concentrations reach a certain limit. D.There seem to be an ocean of such so-called “smart” inventions. E.Bearing this in mind,measures should be taken to make buildings more energy-efficient. F.Alternative energy must be discovered before the fossil fuel runs out in

26、the future. G.This includes basics such as heating and lighting and many other appliances. 答案与解析 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。如今,虽然人们倾向于选择“智能”商品,但是有很多方法可以 用来减少排放和节约资金。 1.D 根据上文的“It seems you can choose any item labeled as smart”可知,D项“There seem to be an ocean of such so-called smart inventions.(这种所谓的智能发明似乎有很多)”可承

27、接上文。 其中“smart”为同词复现。 2.G 根据上文提到的“这意味着你的房子的每一个元素都可以通过墙上的面板或手机来控制”可 知,G 项“这包括基本的供暖、照明和许多其他电器”可承接上文。该项中的 This与上文中的 every element相吻合。 3.E 下文提示“它被认为是预防全球气候变化的第一步。”承接下文,E 项“考虑到这一点,应该采取 措施使建筑物更节能”符合语境。该项中的 measures should be taken与下文的 the first step 相吻合。 4.C 上文提到“同样,通过安装二氧化碳传感器,你可以拥有一个自动通风系统”。 C 项“只有当二氧 化碳浓度达到一定限度时,它才开始工作”可承接上文。其中 CO2为同词复现。 5.A 根据上文提到的“显然,智能家居不仅仅是舒适的生活”可知,A项“实际上是关于绿色生活”可承 接上文。