初高中英语衔接教学专题之英语句子成分分析.pptx

1、初高中英语衔接教学专题之 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 主语 谓 语 定语 宾 语 同位语 状 语 句子成分 定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有 主要成分 和 次要成分 ； 主要成分 ：主语和谓语 次要成分 ：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语 主语（ subject） 句子说明的人或事物 ? Jane is good at playing the piano. ? She went out in a hurry. ? Four plus four is eight. ? To see is to

2、 believe. ? Smoking is bad for health. ? The young should respect the old. ? What he has said is true. （名词） （代词） （数词） （不定式） （动名词） （名词化的形容词） （句子） 找出句中主语 The sun rises in the east. Twenty years is a short time in history. The poor are now living in the shelter. Seeing is believing. To see is to believ

3、e. He likes dancing. What he needs is a book. It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （名词） （代词） （数词） （动名词） （不定式） （句子） (名词化的形容词） （ It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征 ? 简单谓语 :由 动词 或 动词词组 组成 ? I saw the flag on the top of the hill? ? He looked after two orphans. ? 复合谓语 由 情态动词或

4、助动词 +动词 ; ? He can speak English well. ? She doesnt seem to like dancing Show your passport, please. She didnt say anything. How many do you want? - I want two. They sent the injured to hospital. They asked to see my passport. I enjoy working with you. Did you write down what he said? （名词 ） ( 代词） (数

5、词 ) (名词化的形容词 ) (三 )宾语 动作的对象或承受者 及物动词或介词的宾语 （不定式） （动名词） （句子） ? 宾语分为 直接宾语 和 间接宾语 .直接宾语指物或事 ,间接宾语指人或动物 . ? He gave me some books. 间接 宾语 直接 宾语 please pass me the book. He bought his girlfriend some flowers. （四）表语 在 系动词 后的部分就是表语 1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4.

6、 Im not quite myself today. 5. That remains a puzzle. 6. I dont feel at ease. （五）定语 修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句 ? He is a clever boy. ? His father works in a steel work. ? There are 54students in our class. ? Do you known bettys sister? ? He bought some sleeping pills. ? There is a sleeping baby in bed. ? His spoken language is good. (形容词 ) (名词 ) (数词 ) (名词的所有格 ) (动名词 ) (现在分词 ) (过去分词 )