高一英语初高中衔接专题九 状语从句的考点集汇 讲解和训练.doc
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1、用心 爱心 专心 1 专题九:状语从句的考点集汇,讲解和训练 【名师点睛】 用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句, 原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用 when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如: It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing hi
2、s homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时 态表示将来的动作或状态。例如: Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell hi
3、m everything when he comes back. He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有 till或 until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是 “一直到 时 ”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是 “直到 才 ” , “在 以前不 ”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如: The young man read till the light went out. Lets wait until the rain stops. We wont start un
4、til Bob comes. Dont get off until the bus stops. 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由 if, unless引导。例如: What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Dont leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如: Ill help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He wo nt be late unless he is ill. (
5、3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句 ” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如: 用心 爱心 专心 2 Hurry up, or you ll be late. =If you dont hurry up, youll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam . 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由 because, since, as引导。例如: He didnt come to school because he was
6、ill. As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else. (2)because 表示直接原因,语气最强。 Because 引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由 why提出的问题,只能用 because。 As和 since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。由 as和 since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例 如: -Why arent going there? -Because I dont want to. As he has no
7、car, he cant get there easily. Since we have no money, we cant buy it. (3)because和 so不能同用在一个句子里。 4. 结果状语从句 (1)结果状语从句由 sothat, suchthat, so that 引导。例如: He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son. She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her. My pencil fell under the desk, so that I coul
8、dnt see it. (2)sothat 语 such.that可以互换。例如 : 在由 so.that引导的结果状语从句中 , so是副词 , 与形容词连用。其结构是 : “.so + 形容词(副词) + that + 从句 ”。例如: He was so glad that he couldnt say a word. The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people. Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her. 在由 suchthat 引导的结果状语从句中, such 是形容
9、词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词 a或 an。例如 : It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to d o anything. He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling. He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term. 用心 爱心 专心 3 有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如: It was s
10、uch a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again. =The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again. It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it. =The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it. (3)如果名词前由 many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用 so, 不用 such。例如
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