人教版高中英语选修九词汇表（含教材例句）.docx

1、人教版高中英语选修九词汇表（含教材例句）人教版高中英语选修九词汇表（含教材例句）   Book 9  Unit 1 1. hurdling /h:dl/ n. 跨栏运动 2. boxing  /bks/ n. 拳击 3. somersaulting /'sms:lti/ n. 翻筋斗 And what about somersaulting along a road for 12 miles? (P2) 然而沿着 12 英里的马路翻筋斗，情况又是怎样呢？ 4. lunge /lnd/ n. 刺；跃近；前冲 Lunges are extremely hard

2、 on your legs. （P2） 弓箭步冲刺对你的双腿是一个极端艰苦的考验。 5. approximate /'prksmt/ adj. 近似的；大概的 approximately /prksmtli/ adv. 近似地；大约地 Over the last 25 years, he has broken approximately 93 Guinness records. (P2) 在过去的 25 年里，他打破了大约 93 项吉尼斯世界纪录。 6. conventional /kn'vennl/ adj. 习俗的；传统的 But these records are not

3、 made in any conventional sport like swimming or soccer. (P2) 但是这些记录并不是像游泳或足球等一般运动项目那样创建的。 7. laughter /l:ft/ n. 笑；笑声 While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination. (P2) 虽

4、然这些活动看上去孩子气且令人发笑而不是肃然起敬，但实际上，完成这些活 动需要强大的力量，健康的体格和坚定的决心。 8. reality /r' lt/ n. 真实；事实 in reality 实际上；现实 9. adjustment /dstmnt/n. 调节；调整 Think about the fine neck adjustments needed to keep a full bottle of milk on your head while you are walking. (P2)想想吧，你一边走路一边还要把满满一瓶牛奶定 在头上，你的脖子需要有多好的适应力。 10. to

5、ugh  /tf/ adj. 强硬的；困难的 Somersaulting is a tough event as you have to overcome dizziness, extreme tiredness and pain. (P2)翻筋斗是一项艰苦的运动， 因为你必须克服头晕、 极度疲劳和痛苦。  11. exreme /k'stri:m/ adj. 极端的；偏激的 Extreme cold can wake a hibernating animal.极度的寒冷能使正在冬眠的动物苏 醒。 12. vomit /'vmt/ v. 呕吐  Y

6、ou are permitted to rest for only five minutes in every hour of rolling but you are allowed to stop briefly to vomit. (P2)每翻滚一个小时，只允许你有五分钟的休息， 不过也可以短暂地停下来呕吐。 13. gymastics /dmnstks/ n. 体操；体能训练 gymnastically /dm'n stkli/ adv. 体能训练方面 Covering a mile in the fastest time while doing gymnastically co

7、rrect lunges is yet another event in which Ashrita is outstanding.(P2)做标准的体操弓箭步动作向前， 以最快的节奏走完一英里的路程是阿什里塔又一个出色的项目。 14. unfit /n'ft/ adj. 不适宜的；不太健康的（反义词 fit） As a child he was very unfit and was not at all interested in sports. (P2)小时候他很 不健康，而且对运动毫无兴趣。 15. fascinate  /'f snet/ vt. 使着迷；入迷

8、However, he was fascinated by the Guinness Book of World Records. (P2) 但他却对 吉尼斯世界纪录大全非常着迷。 16. meditation  /med'ten/ n. 沉思；冥想 He studied Eastern religions and, aged 16, discovered an Indian meditation teacher called Sri Chinmoy who lived in his neighbourhood in New York City. (P2)他研究过东 方宗教，

9、在 16 岁时，他发现了一位名叫斯里琴摩的印度静坐功导师，住在纽约 市他家附近。 17. spiritual /sprtul/ adj.精神上的 Sri Chinmoy says that it is just as important for people to develop their bodies as it is to develop their minds, hearts and spiritual selves. (P2)斯里琴摩指出人们发展他们 的体魄与发展他们的头脑、心灵和精神上的自我具有同等的重要性。 18. marathon  /'m rn/ n. 马拉

10、松赛跑 When Ashrita came third in a 24-hour bicycle marathon in New York's Central Park in 1978, he knew that he would one day get into the Guinness Book of World Records. (P2) 但阿什里塔于1978年在纽约市中央公园进行24小时自行车马拉松比赛中获得第 三名的时候，他就知道总有一天他会进入吉尼斯世界纪录大全。 19. urge /:d/ vt. 催促；力劝 He had been urged by his spirit

11、ual leader to enter the marathon even though he had done no training. （P3）尽管从没有训练过，他还是收到他的精神领袖的敦促参 加了马拉松比赛。 20. accomplish /'kmpl/ vt. 完成；实现 So, when he won third place, he came to the understanding that his body was just an instrument of the spirit and that he seemed to be able to use his spiri

12、t to accomplish anything. （P3） 因此，当他取得第三名的时候，他就开始有了这样的认识：他的身躯只不过是他 的精神的工具，而且他似乎能够用他的精神力量去完成任何事。 21. motivation /mt'ven/ n. 动机 The motivation to keep trying to break records comes through his devotion to Sri Chinmoy. （P3）不断努力打破纪录的动机来自于他对斯里琴摩思想的虔诚。 22. devotion /d'vn/ n. 热爱；投入 His devotion to

13、family is touching.他对家人的关爱感人至深。 23. soul /sl/ n. 灵魂；心灵；精神 At that moment, he goes deep within himself and connects with his soul and his teacher. （P3） 这个时候他就会进入自己内心深处，与他的灵魂和他的老师相沟通。 24. sacred  /sekrd/ adj. 宗教的；庄严的；神圣的 There is something sacred about breathing clean air, listening to the sounds

14、 of birds and observing the plants and animals around me. (P5)呼吸新鲜空气、聆听鸟儿的 鸣叫、观察我周围的动植物是神圣的。 25. deed /di:d/ n. 行为；功绩 Deeds are better than words.行动胜于言语。 26. conception  /kn'sepn/ n. 主意；计划 Some conceptions of a gentleman are these. (P5)关于绅士的概念是这样的。 27. tact /t kt/ n. 机敏；乖巧；老练；技巧 He has tact

15、he knows how to say and to do the right thing at the right time. (P5) 他 机敏他知道该如何说话，如何在合适的时间做合适的事情。 28. regret /r'ret/ vt. 有欣赏力的; 表示赞赏的 46. accountant  /kantnt/ n. 会计 47 . receptionist  /rsepnst/ n. 招待员；接待员 48. lawyer  /'l:j/ n. 律师 49. politician /pltn/ n. 政客；政治家 50. scarf /sk:

16、f/ n. 围巾；头巾；领巾 51. zip  /zp/ n. 拉链 52. underwear /ndw/ n. 内衣裤 53. overcoat /uvkut/  n. 外套大衣；长大衣 54. salary /'s lr/ n. （按月发放的）薪水 wage /wed/  n. （按周发放的）工资 Book 9  Unit 2 1. latitude /'l ttju:d/ n. 纬度 We may well wonder how seamen explored the oceans before latitude and long

17、itude made it possible to plot a ship's positionon a map. (P12)我们很可能感到 奇怪， 在经纬度被用来在地图上标出船只位置之前，海员是如何对海洋进行探索 的。 2. voyage /'vd/ n. 航海；航行 The voyages of travellers before the 17th century show that they were not at the mercy of the sea even though they did not have modern navigational aids. (P

18、12)17 世纪以前的航海纪录显示，即使没有现代航海技术的帮助，他们也没有任凭海洋 摆布。 3. mercy  /'m:s/ n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯 at the mercy of 受支配 4. encyclopedia  /nsakl'pi:d/ n. 百科全书 So how did they navigate so well? Read these pages from an encyclopedia. (P12)那 么，他们是怎样航行得如此之好的呢？读读百科全书这几页上的记载吧。 5. alongside  /lsad/ prep. 靠着；沿

19、着 adv. 在旁边；沿着边 Using nature to help Keeping alongside thecoastline(P12)借助大自然使船只沿海岸 线行驶 6. exploration  /eksplren/ n. 探险；探测 This seems to have been the first and most useful form of exploration which carried the minimum amount of risk. (P12)这似乎已是最早的、最有用的探险方式，所冒 的风险也最小。 7. munimum  /'mnm

20、m/  adj. 最小的；最低的 （反义词 maximum） 8. celestial  /slestil/  adj. 天上的 Using celestial bodies (P12 利用天体 9. pole  /pl/ n. 地极；柱；杆 At the North Pole the North Star is at its highest position in the sky, but at the equator it is along the horizon. (P12)在北极，北极星是在天上的最高位置；而在赤 道上，北极星却在地平线上。 10

21、. equator /'kwet/ n. 赤道 11. horizon  /hrazn/ n. 地平线；视野 12. overhead  /uvhed/ adv. 在头顶上；在空中；在高处 On a clear day especially during the summer the sailors could use the sun overhead at midday to navigate by. (P12)在晴朗的日子里，特别是夏天，船员可以利用正午 在头顶上的太阳来导航。 13. seaweed  /si:wi:d/ n. 海草；海藻 Sailo

22、rs often saw seaweed in the sea and could tell by the colour and smell how long it had been there. (P12)海员常常看到海里的海藻，并能根据它的颜色和气味判断 这种海藻在那儿有多久了。 14. nowhere /'nwe/ adv. 无处 Sea birds could be used to show the way to land when it was nowhere to be seen. (P12) 在看不见陆地的时候，可以用海鸟来指明通往陆地的去路。 15. offshore

23、/f:/ adj. 离岸的；海面上的 So seamen could follow the birds to land even if they were offshore and in the open sea. (P12) 因此，即使在远离海岸的大洋上，海员们也可以跟随这些鸟到达陆地。 16. outward /atwd/ adj. 外面的；向外的 adv. 向外；在外 So the Vikings would observe the winds before and during their outward or return journeys. (P12)于是，北欧的海盗们在出海或返航

24、时都要观察风向。 17. tide  /tad/ n. 潮；潮汐；潮流；趋势 Certain tides and currents could be used by skillful sailors to carry ships to their destination. (P12)技术娴熟的海员可以利用大海的某些潮汐或浪潮把船送往他们 的目的地。 18. secure /s'kj(r)/ adj. 安全的；可靠的 There was no secure method of measuring longitude until the 17th century when the

25、 British solved this theoretical problem. (P13)直到 17 世纪英国人解决了这个理论问 题后,人们才有了测量经度的可靠方法。 19. knot /nt/ v. 打结 n. 结  An early method of measuring speed involved throwing a knotted rope tied to a log over the side of the ship. (P13)早期测量速度的方法是沿着船边拉一根打结的绳 子，把这根绳子系在一根圆木上，然后把它抛入海里。 20. log /l/ n. 原木；木材 T

26、he rope was tied to a log which was then thrown into the sea. (P13) 把这根绳子系在一根圆木上，然后把它抛入海里。 21. nautical  /n:tkl/ adj. 海上的；航海的 nautical mile 海里 The number of knots that were counted during a fixed period of time gave the speed of the ship in nautical miles perhour. (P13)在一定时间内计算出有多少个结,就可以 算出船只每小

27、时航行多少海里的速度。 22. magnetic /mgnetk/ adj. 磁的；有磁性的 The compass has a special magnetic pointer which always indicates the North Pole. (P13) 指南针有一个特殊的磁针,始终指着北极。因此人们用它来帮助找出船只所要去 的方向。 23. random /'r ndm/ adj. 任意的；随便的 Then he could tell if he was sailing on his correct rather than a random course. (P13)

28、这样就可以知道自己是在正确的航道上或是在随意行驶。 24. awkward /:kwd/ adj. 难使用的；笨拙的 However, it was awkward to use as one of the points of reference was the moving ship itself. (P13)但是，它不容易使用，因为其参照点之一就是行驶中的船只本身。  25. reference /'refrns/ n. 参考 26. precise  /pr'sas/ adj. 精确的；准确的 This was a more precise and s

29、implified version of the astrolabe. (P13) 这是一种比较 精确而且比较简单的星盘。 27. simplify /'smplfa/ vt. 单一化；简单化 28. portable  /p:tbl/ adj. 轻便的；手提的；便携的 It was easier to handle because it was more portable. (P13) 它比较容易操作，因为它比较轻便。 29. shortcoming /:tkm/ n. 缺点；短处 Its shortcoming was that it still used the mov

30、ing ship as one of the fixed points of reference. (P13) 缺点仍旧是使用移动的船只作为一个固定的参照点。 30. update  /pdet/ vt. 更新 The sextant was the updated version of the astrolabe and quadrant which reduced the tendency to make mistakes. (P13) 六分仪是星盘和象限仪的改进版，它减少了出差错的可能性。 31. tendency /'tendns/ n. 趋向；倾向 32. reli

31、able  /rlabl/ adj. 可靠的；可信赖的 It proved to be the most accurate and reliable of these early navigational instruments. (P13) 在这些早期的航海仪器中，它被证明是最精确和最为可靠的一种。 33. swoop /swu:p/ vi. 突降；猛扑 34. parcel  /'p:sl/ n. 小包；包裹 35. peck  /pek/ vt. torn）n. 眼泪；哭泣；破洞 Our clothes were torn. (P18)我们衣衫褴褛。

32、 58. hardship  /h:dp/ n. 困苦；艰难 we had fever and our faces showed the hardships we had suffered. (P18) 我们发着 高烧，从脸上就能看出我们所遭受的痛苦。 59. jaw /d:/ n. 颚；颌；下巴 jaws of death 鬼门关；死神 We were the heroes who had escaped the jaws of death by completing the greatest navigational feat of all time! (P18)我们完成了历史上

33、最伟大的航海壮举，我们成了 从鬼门关里逃出来的英雄！ 60. roar  /r:/ vt. sown,sowed) vt. shrunk) vt. wound) n.风 The horse jumped forwards and round her, winding the rope round her waist. 那匹 马围着她向前跳，把绳子绕在了她腰上。 45. limb /lm/ n. 肢；翼；分支 46. venom  /'venm/ n. 毒液；恶意；怨恨 venomous  /venms/ adj. 有毒的；分泌毒液的 ant-ivenom

34、 / nt'venm/ 抗毒 Only a few have venom that is powerful enough to kill a human being. (P27) 只有少 数蜘蛛有剧毒，足以致人于死地。 In fact, Australia has more kinds of venomous snake than any other country in the world.(P27) 事实上，澳大利亚比世界上任何其他国家的毒蛇品种都多。 47.paralyze  /'p rlaz/ vt. 使瘫痪；使麻痹 Luckily, the poi

35、son of most snakes can killor paralyze only small creatures. (P27) 幸运的是，多数毒蛇的毒素只能杀死小动物，或使它们瘫痪。 48. sickness /skns/ n. 疾病；恶心 However, the majority have no effect on humans or cause only mild sickness. (P27) 然而，绝大多数蜘蛛的毒素对人体并没有影响，或者只能引起轻微病痛。 49. recover  /r'kv/ vt. & vi. 痊愈；复原 While a smal

36、l number of Australians are bitten by spiders each year, most recover without any medical treatment. (P27)虽然每年有少数人被蜘蛛咬伤，但是多数人 不经治疗就能痊愈。 50. funnel  /'fnl/ n. 漏斗 Since 1981 when a treatment was developed for funnel web spider poison, there have been no deaths from this spider either.(P27)198

37、1 年研制出一种对付漏斗网蜘 蛛的疗法，那以后就也没有人再因此而死亡。 51. snatch  /sn t/ vt. 攫取；抢走 From time to time a crocodile has snatched someone before he or she is even aware that the crocodile is there. (P28) 鳄鱼就这样时常捕获那些还未来得及察觉到有鳄鱼的人。 52. amongst prep. 在中间；在之中 Spiders are usually found in dark, dry places, under stones o

38、r amongst rubbish.(P28) 蜘蛛通常会在阴暗、干燥的地方，石头下面或垃圾中被发现。 53. vinegar /vng/ n. 醋 54. unconscious  /nkns/ adj. 不省人事的；无意识的（反义词 conscious） Book 9 Unit 4 1. pollinate /plnet/ vt. 对授粉 Some plants need animals to pollinate them.(P31)一些植物需要动物来给它授粉。 2. courtyard /'k:tj:d/ n. 庭院；院子；天井 3. balcony /'b l

39、kn/ n. 阳台；包厢 4. exotic /'ztk/ adj. 异国情调的；外来的；奇异的 Collecting “exotic“ plants, as they are called, dates back to the earliest times. （P32）  收集所谓的“异国”植物要追溯到很久以前。 5. date back to 追溯到；远在年代 6. distant /'dstn/t adj. 远的；远处的 Many ancient civilisations saw the value of bringing back plants from d

40、istant lands. （P32） 许多古老文化都懂得从遥远的地方把植物带回来的价值。 7. goods /gdz/ n. 货物 The first plant collecting expedition recorded in history was around 1500 BC when the Queen of Egypt sent ships away to gather plants, animals and other goods. （P32） 历史上有记载的第一个收集植物的探险是公元前 1500 年， 埃及女王派出 船只去收集植物、动物以及其他货物。 8. scale &nb

41、sp;/ skel/ n. 磅秤；天平盘；规模；程度；范围 However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on alarge scale. （P32）然而，直到 18 世 纪和 19 世纪人们对植物世界大规模的探索才开始。 9. conflict / 'knflkt/ n. 斗争；冲突 Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical

42、expeditions, often facing many dangers including diseasenear-starvation, severe environments and conflicts with the local people. （P32）勇敢的年轻人借机进行植物探索活动，他 们常常面临许多危险，如疾病、饥饿、严酷的环境以及同当地居民的冲突。 10.missionary /'mnr/n. 传教士 One such missionary, Father d'Incarville, was sent to Beijing in the 1740s. （

43、P32） 其中有一位叫汤执中的传教士于 18 世纪 40 年代被派赴北京。 11. endeavour /n'dev(r) / n. 尽力；竭力 Cook called the bay where the Endeavour had anchored Botany Bay. 库克还把“奋 进号”抛锚停靠的地方称为植物湾。（P32） 12. anchor / 'k/ n. 锚 vi. & vt. 抛锚；锚定 13. tight  /tat /adj. 紧的；紧密的 (反义词 loose) 14. seal / si:l/ vt. 封闭；密封 The world

44、of plant exploration was completely changed with Dr Nathaniel Ward's invention of a tightly sealed portable glass container. （P32） 纳撒尼尔沃德医生所 发明的便携式密封玻璃容器彻底改变了植物探索的世界。 15. container  /knten/ n. 容器 16. restriction /r'strkn / n. 限制；约束 At that time, there were restrictions on the movement o

45、f Europeans. （P33） 那时候， 欧洲人在中国的活动受到种种限制。 17. fluency /flu:nsi/ n. 流利；流畅 In order to travel unnoticed, he developed his fluency in Chinese and dressed as a Chinese man. （P33）为了在旅行中不引起别人的注意，他努力使自己的汉语讲 得很流利。 18. shave /ev / vt. & vi. 剃；刮 He developed his fluency in Chinese and dressed as a Chinese

46、man, even shaving his head in the Chinese style. （P33）他努力使自己的汉语讲得很流利，并且穿着中 国人的服装，甚至像中国人一样削发（留辫）。 19. thunderstorm '/ndst:m / n. 雷雨；雷暴 He experienced many adventures including huge thunderstorms in the Yellow Sea and pirates on the Yangtze River. （P33）他经历过多次险情，包括在黄海碰到过 巨大的风暴，以及在长江遭遇海盗的袭击。 20. pir

47、ate /'part/ n. 海盗 21. appeal /'pi:l/ appeal to （对某人）有吸引力；呼吁 One of the collectors was Father Farges, who collected 37 seeds from a tree that had appealed to him. （P33）其中一位叫做法尔热的神父，从他所喜爱的一棵树上收 集了 37 粒种子。 22. dove /dv /n. 鸽子 This tree was later called the Dove Tree. （P33）这种树后来被称作鸽子树。 23. botan

48、ist /btnst / n. 植物学家 However, European botanists were very excited with the knowledge that China had a vast variety of plants. （P33）然而欧洲植物学家知道中国有着品种繁多的植物， 并为此感到兴奋不已。 24. chrysanthemum /krsnmm/ n. 菊花 25. red date /red det / n. 红枣 26. lower /l(r) / vt. 降低；跌落；减弱 adj. 下面的，下方的 27. beard  /bd/ n. 胡须

49、28. ripe /rap / adj. 熟的；成熟的 29. irrigation  /r'en/ n. 灌溉 Send me your report on irrigation as soon as youve finished it. (P35) 把你关于灌溉 的报告一完成就寄给我。 30. weed /wi:d/ n. 野草；杂草 31. spear /sp/ n. 矛；标枪 32. string /str / n. 线；细绳；一串 33. spade /sped/ n. 铲；铁锹 34. postpone /p'spn/ vt. 延迟；推迟 My paren

50、ts suggested postponing our visit to the pyramid. (P35)我父母建议推迟去 参观金字塔。 35. pyramid /'prmd/ n. 金字塔 36. monument /'mnjmnt/ n. 纪念碑 I will report them the kind of monument we are planning to build for the soldiers. (P35) 我将向他们报告我们正在计划为士兵们建造的纪念碑的形式。 37. rot /rt/ vt.& vi. 腐烂；腐败 38. evolve/ 'vlv/ vt. 发展；进展；进化 Over time, many flowering plants and their animal pollinators have evolved together. （P38） 许多开花的植物长期以来是和它们的动物传媒一起发展的。 39. nectar /nekt