2023届北京市朝阳区高三二模英语试题.docx

1、2023届北京市朝阳区高三二模英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、完形填空My son was born with breathing difficulties, so he had to stay in NICU, the hospital unit for newborns needing intensive care. There he could only be fed through a tube. I hated the tube. The lovely dreams I had of nursing my baby were entirely_1_. On the fif

2、th day, I_2_about the tube, saying that I wanted to feed him with a bottle. The doctors agreed to let me try. My sons feedings would be closely recorded to see if he was able to get_3_milk intake without the tube. After eighteen hours, it was determined he could not do that and the tube was back. Th

3、is meant he wasnt getting stronger. The_4_felt so dark. Seated outside the NICU, I started crying. Just then, a young nurse came and sat beside me. When I had_5_ my sorrow a little, she handed me a tissue and asked if I wanted to talk. I asked again if we could remove the tube. The nurse replied, “N

4、ot today. But remember, tomorrow is a new day.” She seemed much younger than me, but her words were_6_and hope-filled, and I held on to them. I remembered her advice and repeated it to myself multiple times a day. The nurse changed my perspective away from current_7_to see the hope of tomorrow. Grad

5、ually, things started to _8_. On day eight, my son drank half of his milk without the tube. On day ten, the doctors approved taking off the tube_9_. “Tomorrow” came. It just came a few days later than expected. On day fifteen, we were released from the hospital, and my son “graduated” from the NICU.

6、 What I learned from that nurse was to look beyond today and the suffering of it and to consider tomorrow with_10_. After all, tomorrow is a new day.1AcontrolledBdestroyedCquestionedDrecalled2AprotestedBwonderedCforgotDwarned3AmaximumBrestrictedCsufficientDadditional4AplotBspotCatmosphereDsituation5

7、AsparedBcontainedCsharedDexhibited6AwiseBplainCfamiliarDsharp7AmistakesBdreamsCchallengesDdoubts8Ago awayBlook upCmake senseDfall apart9AfrequentlyBslightlyCcompletelyDoccasionally10AintentionBimaginationCurgeDfaith二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域

8、作答。As a variant of American football, flag football is a type of sport in which a player must remove a flag belt from the ball carrier to end a down. The first rule of the game is that contact_11_players is not permitted. Recently, it_12_(gain) great popularity in China among young people. Its engag

9、ing and ridiculously fun. Thats why the percentage of people_13_ (join) a flag football club through online channels has risen to a new high level.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Old Connections, a telecommunications museum in Seattle, with a working exchang

10、e from the 1940s,_14_(show) how telephones brought us together, but also tore us apart. Perhaps it should not be_15_(surprise) that the Internet has brought with it a new wave of horrific destructiveness. History itself is a kind of radio programme, broadcast to us in frequencies that become harder

11、to receive as we forget the old ways. But as long as we keep the ancient exchanges running, we have a way to remember and understand_16_we come from.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Wang Dakang, aged 88, is a model of lifelong learning. In the 1980s, he was t

12、he first person_17_(accomplish) a round trip of China using only a bicycle. To edit this experience into his book, Wang decided to go to college. At the age of 61, he_18_(admit) into college, majoring in journalism. By 2012, he had completed three majors in college. At present, Wang lives in Leshan,

13、 where he spends his days following carefully_19_(plan) routines. His study starts at 6 am every morning, during_20_he reads and takes notes from newspapers. Wang said, “There is so much to learn and I will continue learning until the very end.”三、阅读理解Columbia Engineerings Summer High School Academic

14、 Program for Engineers (SHAPE) is a selective pre-college program for high school students and recent graduates. SHAPE is tailored for students with a gift for STEM: science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Each 3-week session offers college-level, project-based courses in engineering taug

15、ht by celebrated professors at the university. SHAPE gives students a more realistic picture of what it means to be an engineer, and its professional development components help students develop the skills they need to get there.Courses SHAPE features creative problem-solving courses and exposes stu

16、dents to innovative engineering techniques and knowledge presented by professors. Please note that SHAPE does not provide college credit. Students gain access to the famous MakerSpace and state-of-the-art research laboratories after completing the safety training and will only do so under close guid

17、ance. SHAPE also provides students with workshops to explore career fields, professional development, and guidance on sharpening ones college application from admissions officers. Students in the program will be visiting companies and organizations that show the classroom content in practice. Applic

18、ation Students are selected based on the following criteria: 1. Strong academic record 2. Personal statement to demonstrate excitement and interest in STEM through engagement in challenging courses, activities, projects, etc. 3. Enthusiastic letter of recommendation submitted by a math or science te

19、acher 4. Creative responses to two required questions and one of the three optional questions We encourage all students to apply by the priority deadline of June 15, 2023, so there is no application fee. After the priority deadline, a $50 application fee is required. SHAPE is dedicated to supporting

20、 students and their families in need of financial assistance. We offer a limited number of need-based scholarships, which cover the full cost of SHAPE. To be considered for a need-based scholarship, families will need to provide a recent pay receipt and complete a Family Income and Expense Worksheet

21、.Email: shapecolumbia.edu for more information.21What can we learn about SHAPE?AIt suits students talented in STEM.BIt shows the procedure of learning STEM.CIt serves as the start of students college life.DIt gives students chances to work with engineers.22In SHAPE, students can .Abe free to explore

22、 the MakerSpaceBearn college credit for future studyCput school knowledge into practiceDbe equipped with skills for engineering23To secure a place in SHAPE, students need to .Ashow their family financial stateBanswer all the given questionsCpay application fees before deadlineDprove their learning c

23、apabilityI lost my leg to cancer at 30. My first trip out of the house as a one-legged woman would be to see a sick friend in hospital with my mom. As I made my way through the hospital, I was prepared for looks of curiosity, sympathy, and even shock. But one thing shook me to a depth I had never ex

24、perienced before. Two kids were playing in the hallway. As I passed by on my crutches (拐杖), they looked up at me, and suddenly, the little boy pointed at me. “Look at that lady!” It seemed that he was shouting loud enough for the entire hospital to hear. “She only has one leg! Doesnt that look funny

25、?” Both of the kids burst into laughter. Heads turned, and I felt the blood rush to my face. I put my head down and rushed out as fast as I dared on my crutches. I held my tears back until the car door closed. As I fell into the seats, I cried, “How could they think this is funny?” My mom tried her

26、best to comfort me, “Honey, they are just kids. They dont know any better.” They were just kids, but that did not excuse their rude behavior. I felt a wave of belief flood through me. I knew what I had to do. “Well, someone has to teach them!” I said. And I knew that someone would be me. When I was

27、well enough, I started to visit elementary schools and talk to children about being different. I was teaching children to be respectful of people who are different, and teaching them people come in all shapes, colors and sizes and we are each special and unique. Speaking to children was just the beg

28、inning for me. I became an inspirational speaker and author and learned that being grateful for all the remaining parts of me was the only way to start and end my day. I shared my story in my book called I Am Choosing to Smile. I do, indeed, choose to smile. Waking up every morning, I look down at m

29、y one foot and say with all sincerity, “Good morning, five toes. Im very glad to see you!”24What shocked the author in the hospital?AThe curious look a boy had.BThe words a boy shouted out.CThe game the boys were playing.DThe sympathy the boys expressed.25How did the experience in the hospital chang

30、e the author?AShe found the purpose of her life.BShe began to realize her difference.CShe understood kids characteristics.DShe learned the importance of respect.26Which of the following words can best describe the author?APatient.BBrave.CIntelligent.DCaring.Researchers from a U.K. plant research ins

31、titute have found a way to provide plants with an antibody-based defense for a specific threat, potentially speeding the creation of crops resistant to any kind of emerging virus, or bacterium (细菌). The strategy is to inoculate a protein from the plant pathogen (病原体) to be targeted to a camel or oth

32、er camel relatives, purify the unusually small antibodies the camels produce, and engineer the corresponding gene section for them into a plants own immune gene.Farmers lose many billions of dollars to plant diseases each year, and emerging pathogens pose new threats to food security in the developi

33、ng world. Plants have evolved their own immune system, kick-started by cell receptors that recognize general pathogen features, such as a bacterial cell wall, as well as intracellular receptors for molecules (分子) produced by specific pathogens. If a plant cell detects these molecules, it may trigger

34、 its own death to save the rest of the plant. But plant pathogens often evolve and escape from those receptors. A long-standing dream in plant biotechnology is to create designer disease resistance genes that could be produced as fast as pathogens emerge. One approach is to edit the gene for a plant

35、 immune receptor, changing the proteins shape to recognize a particular pathogenic molecule.Instead, Sophien Kamoun, a molecular biologist at the Sainsbury Laboratory, and his colleagues used an animal immune system to help make the receptor adjustments. During an infection with a new pathogen, anim

36、als produce billions of slightly different antibodies, ultimately selecting and mass-producing those that best target the virus. Camelids, which include camels, are workhorses for antibody design because their immune systems create unusually small versions, called nano-bodies. As a proof of principl

37、e of the new plant defense strategy, Kamouns group turned to two standard camelid nano-bodies that recognize two different molecules, including one called green fluorescent protein (GFP), to detect test viruses, in this case a potato virus, engineered to make the fluorescent proteins. They investiga

38、ted how well plants with the nano-body-enhanced receptors detected the changed potato viruses. It was found that the plants increased an active immune response and experienced almost no viral reproduction. “The exciting part about this technology is that we have the potential of made-to-order resist

39、ance genes and keeping up with a pathogen,” Kamoun says. “This technology is a potential game changer,” says Jeff Dangl, a plant researcher at the University of North Carolina. Ksenia Krasileva, a scientist at the University of California, Berkeley, says the mixture of nano-bodies with plant immune

40、receptors opens up a vast body of biomedical knowledge for plant scientists. “We can now dig into all of that research and translate it to save crops.”27What does the underlined word “inoculate” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?ACompare.BRestore.CIntroduce.DLabel.28What is the main purpose of Paragraph

41、2?ATo illustrate the function of cells in saving the plant.BTo explain how to strengthen plant receptors effectively.CTo demonstrate the solutions to farmers annual heavy losses.DTo reveal why plants fail to handle constantly-updated diseases.29What can we learn from the passage?AEditing plant recep

42、tors is to match the shape of pathogens.BNano-bodies can help plants catch up with pathogen changes.CPlants select the best antibodies from animals to fight viruses.DPlants with nano-bodies respond actively in massive virus copying.30According to the passage, scientists will .Aapply the outcome in t

43、he real worldBprove the findings of resistance genesCidentify similar means to fight diseasesDseek more support for the new strategySuperhuman artificial intelligence is already among us. Well, sort of. When it comes to playing games like chess and Go, or solving difficult scientific challenges like

44、 predicting protein structures, computers are well ahead of us. But we have one superpower they arent close to mastering: mind reading. Humans have a mysterious ability to reason the goals, desires and beliefs of others, a crucial skill that means we can anticipate other peoples actions and the cons

45、equences of our own. Reading minds comes so easily to us, though, that we often dont think to spell out what we want. If AIs are to become truly useful in everyday lifeto cooperate effectively with us or to understand that a child might run into the road after a bouncing ballwe have to give them thi

46、s gift that evolution has given us to read other peoples minds.Psychologists refer to the ability to infer anothers mental state as theory of mind. In humans, this capacity starts to develop at a very young age. How to reproduce the capability in machines is far from clear, though. One of the main c

47、hallenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “its raining”, they can quickly conclude that the answer is no. But this requires huge amounts of background knowledge about running, weather and human preferences. Moreover, whether humans or AI, the t

48、heory of mind is supposed to emerge naturally from ones own learning process. Building prior knowledge into AI makes it reliant on our imperfect understanding of theory of mind. In addition, AI may be capable of developing approaches we could never imagine. There can be many forms of theory of mind that we dont know about simply because we live in a human body that has certain