新版大学英语第三册第一单元课件.ppt

1、Unit one A fable for tomorrowvWhat is a fable?vWhy writing a fable?vWhat is the moral/lesson from this article?vToo much use of chemicals may destroy our living environment and may prove to have a boomerang effect(自食其果)on human beings.Cultural NotesvThe origin of the articleThis fable was taken from

2、 Carsons prophetic book:Silent Spring(1962),which was an expose of the long-term effects of pesticides upon our environment.She argued that we had entered the age of chemicals willy-nilly(不管愿不愿意不管愿不愿意)without considering the totality of nature.Processes within nature were working to undo the very th

3、ings we hoped to achieve using pesticides,thereby causing large-scale imbalances.To be precise,she urged us to better understand nature and to use its processes to our advantage without the use of pesticides.However,the writer was much refuted(驳驳斥斥)when the book first came out.The Time Magazine ridi

4、culed her as talking nonsense and the Readers Digest withdrew the offer to print a selection from Silent Spring and chose instead to reprint the disparaging(诋毁性的诋毁性的)article from Time.John F.Kennedy in the White House,Stuart Udall at Interior,Hubert Humphrey in the Senate,and William O.Douglas in th

5、e Supreme Court-proposed,implemented,and defended legislation that regulated industry,set standards,saved lives and changed the course of history.As Rev.John E.Gibbons pointed out,this book is the one with the greatest impact in the last century.Fortunately the American government responded to her r

6、evelations.Rachel CarsonCarson received her M.A.from Johns Hopkins University in 1932 and did postgraduate work at Woods Hole Marine Biological Lab.Rachel Carson(1907 1964)is an American biologist well known for her writings on environmental pollution and the natural history of the Sea.A deep intere

7、st in wild life from her childhood led Carson to a long career with the US Bureau of Fisheries,later,the US Fish and Wildlife Service.In 1951,she published The Sea Around Us,which won the National Book Award.Her prophetic book Silent Spring(1962)created a worldwide awareness of the dangers of enviro

8、nmental pollution.Among her other works are Under the Sea-wind(1941)and The Age of the Sea.What do you learn from the picture?Preview QuestionsAn Environmental problem?Why?What measures were taken?vIt is reported that monitoring data showed the Air Quality Index in most parts of Beijing reached 500,

9、the maximum pollution level.Emergency response measures were adopted on Sunday in some areas to deal with the heavy pollution.Outdoor sports activities for primary and middle schools were ordered to be halted in extremely polluted areas.The hazy weather would continue until vThe market for dust mask

10、s and air purifiers is booming in Beijing because the capital has been shrouded(覆盖)for several days in thick fog and haze.vhazy weather (fog and haze)雾霾天气vAQI(Air Quality Index 空气质量指数vPM2.5 particulate matter 颗粒物vPM2.5主要来自 burning of fossil fuels in vehicles（机动车燃油）,power plants（发电厂）以及 various indust

11、rial processes（各类工业生产）vCan you introduce and summarize the main idea of the text?IntroductionThere used to be a village which was vibrating with all kinds of life.The fields and orchards were prosperous;trees and flowers delighted peoples eyes;birds,fish and animals were abundant.However,as a result

12、 of the long-term effects of pesticides upon the natural environment,these kinds of life suffered great damage and destruction.Consequently,the village became desolate and silent.Even the villagers were stricken with strange maladies.A fable as it is,it nevertheless teaches us to live in harmony wit

13、h our natural surroundings and be cautious in the application of chemicals.vin harmony/in harmony with/harmonic:agreeing;matchingvI do believe it is possible for different ethnic groups to live together in harmony.vYour suggestions are not in harmony with the aims of this project.vYears of their mar

14、riage were not easy because their tastes were not in harmony with each other.vharmonize withWe want to make sure that the new offices harmonize with the other buildings in the area.Text(Para.1-2)Words and Phrasesvsurroundings:(pl.)environmentvI am against bringing animals out of their natural surrou

15、ndings and putting them in the zoos.vSome old people are living a solitary life in the countryside because they are not ready to leave for the new surroundings their children have moved to.vprosperous/prosperity/prospect/prospective Prosperous area/country/future/town:successful or thrivingAfter the

16、 war,Germany became one of Europes most prosperous countries.a time of economic prosperitythe future prosperity of the country There are good prospects for growth in the retail sector.The country faces the prospect of new general elections next month.prospective employee/candidate/buyer etc Difficul

17、t SentencesvThe town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms.The town was surrounded by prosperous farms formed in the pattern of squares like a checkerboard.Translation v从前在美国中心有一个小镇，那里的万物看上去都从前在美国中心有一个小镇，那里的万物看上去都与其四周的环境融洽相处。与其四周的环境融洽相处。小镇的四周是像棋盘交小镇的四周是像棋盘交错的生意盎然的农庄，还有一块块的田地和一座座错的生意

18、盎然的农庄，还有一块块的田地和一座座遍布山坡的果园遍布山坡的果园。v春天来了，白色的鲜花云彩般地漂浮在田野上；秋天到了，橡树、枫树和桦树色彩斑斓，在一片松树林间火焰般地燃烧与跳跃。小山上狐狸吠叫，田野间小鹿静静地跃过，所有的一切都在秋天清晨的薄雾中半隐半现。vabundance/abound/in abundance the state of varyingvOne quality the team possessed in abundance was fighting spirit.vRumors abound as to the reasons for his resignation.ab

19、undant/adequate/ample/plentifulscarcityvmigrant/migrate/migration/migratoryvHow do birds know when to migrate,and how do they find their way back home?vimmigrant/emigrant vBorn in Jamaica,Rigby had immigrated to England 30 years before.vMy parents emigrated from Britain to New Zealand just before I

20、was born.The author presents an imaginary town with its beautiful natural surroundings.Main Idea of Para.1-2 vblight:The burning of many oil wells in the Gulf War cast a blight on the environment there.Unemployment is a blight following the financial crisis.destructive or harmful forceText Analysis(

21、Para.3-7)spell a piece of magic that someone does,or the special words or ceremonies used in doing itv a magic spell/put a spell on somebody/cast a spell over somebody(=do a piece of magic to change someone)v The kiss of the prince broke the spell(=stopped the magic from working).v be under a spellv

22、 The whole town seemed to be under a spell.a period of a particular kind of activity,weather,illness etc,usually a short periodvbrief/short spell vAfter a brief spell in the army,I returned to teaching.v(my fathers shadow:not wanting to break the spell).Stricken/strike:very badly affected by trouble

23、,illness,unhappiness etcFire broke out on the stricken ship.stricken by/witha country stricken by severe economic problemsdrought-stricken farmersgrief-stricken/panic-stricken/poverty-strickenvdisturb:There were disturbing reports on the nightmarish（可怕的）consequences of environment pollution.My peace

24、 of mind was disturbed by the attack of SARS that spring.vcome into bloom:The park looks beautiful on the National Holiday when the roses are in full bloom.be in flowerThe author presents a bleak picture of the stricken town.Writing skill?Main Idea of Para.3-7Technique of Contrast:vIn describing the

25、 changes occurring in the town,the author effectively applies the technique of contrast,i.e.,an ideal countryside town is vividly set against the bleakness and silence hovering over the town later.Thus,she succeeded in striking a deep impression on the readers minds.Text Analysis(Para.8-11)Words and

26、 Phrasesvapply to :make practical use of The result of space researches can be applied to new developments in science and technology.我不知道我能否把大学里学到的知识应用到未来的工作中去。我不知道我能否把大学里学到的知识应用到未来的工作中去。I am not certain whether I can apply what I have learnt in college to what I will do in the near future.vcoat:cov

27、er with a layer of Children usually like biscuits coated with heavy chocolate.The cottage has long been deserted and all the furniture inside was coated with dust.linger onto continue to exist,be noticeable etc for longer than is usual or desirable a taste that lingers in your mouth Unfortunately th

28、e tax will linger on until April.Targetvmeet.targetvsales/attainment/growth etc targets.vtarget audience/group/area etc/target date/target for/of vHis war record became a target for his enemies.vThe policy has become the target of severe criticism.vcounterpart:person or thing that corresponds to or

29、has the same function as sb.or sth.else At the international conference,our countrys president met many of his counterparts from other countries.The director is rather jealous of his counterpart in the other department.vsubstantial:v上学期他在英语学习上取得了长足的进步。v He made substantial progress in his English st

30、udy last term.vThere was a substantial decrease in the employees salary when the company suffered financial crisis.large in amount;considerableMain Idea of para.8-11The author reveals the cause of this changethe application of chemical insecticides.vTranslationvCan anyone believe it is possible to l

31、ay down such a barrage of poisons on the surface of the earth without making it unfit for all life?(L85-89)v难道真的有人认为,我们在地球的表面撒下如此多的毒药,同时还能使它继续成为一个任何生命都能存活的地方吗?environmenta number of varied thingsto trouble or destroy the tranquilityan injurious animal or plant harmful to humansto dry up from loss of

32、 moistureKey Wordsvsurroundingvvarietyvdisturbvpestvwithern.环境n.种类v.打扰n.有害的动物或昆虫v.凋谢to move cautiously or stealthilyone that moves from one region to anotherill luck;bad fortunea phantom;ghostflourishingvcreep vmigrant vmisfortune vspectervprosperousv.潜行n.移居的人或动物n.不幸n.幽灵a.兴旺的Key Expressions in Usevi

33、n harmony withvdelight ones eyevcome into bloomvas thoughvapply to和谐，一致赏心悦目（鲜花）盛开仿佛，好像使用，应用in accordance withbe eye-catchingproduce flowersas if useWriting Discussion:uSince the author doesnt offer a solution to the problem she raises the fable,could you name a few of solutions that might be helpful?vWrite a short paragraph using the words below.surroundings;abundance/abundant;prospect/prospective/prosperous/prosperity;substantial;counterpart;target;be in harmony with;