新课标英语：专题四+完形填空+第三节+Word版含解析.docx

1、第三节说明文 (2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔五校联考)Ive suffered from serious social anxiety and anger problems as long as I can remember.A couple of years ago I 1 what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive：every time I became 2 about something I couldnt change，Id do a casual act of 3 .Things like losing money or not g

2、etting a promotion saw me 4 goods to our local food bank(食品赈济处)At the 5 of this June I myself and my partner went on our first holiday in years.We climbed Mt.Teide. 6 I stood at the top with a state of high altitude， 7 in my brain seemed to burst.I felt 8 and came down that mountain as quickly as I

3、could.This anxious feeling about the 9 in the early June lasted，but I went back to work and didnt 10 .I knew scares didnt 11 the problem.I actually removed my headphones to talk to someone I knew in the street.I was 12 .I went to the supermarket and 13 ，which kept me cool.I lost some money，but I tho

4、ught it was only money.When I got home，I turned on the computer.Beyond my 14 ，I found this site and the smile 15 through surfing on the web.In the 16 were these smile cards which Id never heard of.So here I am!I changed my 17 acts plan after the early June trip，for every day I was anxietyfree.Id do

5、something to say thank you to life for a good day.By now Ive 18 food for humans and pets in need of help，and helped strangers 19 their shopping upstairs.The universe was possibly sending me a 20 message with the smile cards.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了自己克服焦虑和气愤的方法及保持积极乐观的经历。1A.came up with Bbroke away fromC

6、put up with Dended up with答案A解析 几年前，我想出了一个我自认为能保持积极乐观的好办法。根据句意可知选A。come up with提出； break away from从脱离；put up with忍受； end up with以结束。2A.happy BconcernedCfearful Dangry答案D解析由上文的“serious social anxiety and anger problems”可知，空处指每次我对于不能改变的事情生气时，我会做慈善。故选D。happy快乐的；concerned担心的；fearful害怕的； angry生气的。3A.volu

7、ntary work BcharityCshopping Ddriving答案B解析由下句中的“goods to our local food bank”可知我做的是慈善。故选B。voluntary work志愿工作；charity慈善；shopping购物；driving驾驶。4A.lending BthrowingCoffering Dwasting答案C解析此处指作者向食品赈济处提供物品，故选C。offer sth.to sb.提供某物给某人，符合语境。lend借；throw扔；waste浪费。5A.start BmiddleCend Dtop答案A解析联系下段的“in the earl

8、y June”可知，这里的时间是六月初。故选A。start开始；middle中间；end结束；top顶端。6A.As BUnlessCIf DThough答案A解析当我站在海拔高度很高的山顶时，我脑子里好像有东西要爆炸。根据句意可知选A。as当，因为，随着，作为；unless除非；if如果；though尽管。7A.nothing BeverythingCsomething Danything答案C解析nothing没有东西； everything每样东西； something某个东西； anything任何东西。句意参见上题解析。故选C。8A.pleased BhelpedCexcited D

9、worried答案D解析根据语境和下文的“This anxious feeling”可知，空处指我感到很担心(worried)，所以尽快地下了山，故选D。9A.hiking BclimbCflight Drace答案B解析根据上下文可知，这里说的是六月初我对爬山的焦虑情感一直持续，故选B。10A.wait BleaveCpanic Dhesitate答案C解析联系下句“害怕不能解决问题”可知，作者回去工作了，而且没有恐慌。故选C。wait等待；leave离开； panic恐慌；hesitate犹豫。11A.find BconsultCreject Dsolve答案D解析因为我知道害怕不能解决问

10、题。根据句意可知选D。find发现；consult咨询；reject拒绝；solve解决。12A.frightened BcalmCdisappointed Dsad答案B解析由下文的“kept me cool”可知，我很镇静。故选B。frightened感到害怕的； calm镇静的，冷静的； disappointed失望的；sad伤心的。13A.shouted BcriedCworked Dshopped答案D解析由空前的“went to the supermarket”和空后的“lost some money”可知，我去超市购物了。shout大叫；cry哭，喊； work工作，起作用；sh

11、op购物。14A.reach BabilityCexpectation Dtouch答案C解析联系下文“these smile cards which Id never heard of”可知，这些笑容卡是我之前从未听说的，由此可推知我发现这个网站和笑容卡是意料之外的。beyond expectation出乎预料，意料之外。故选C。15A.cards BpicturesCwords Dvideos答案A解析联系下文“these smile cards which Id never heard of”可知，我发现了这个网站和笑容卡。故选A。16A.drawer BwebCroom Dbook答案

12、B解析联系上句“surfing on the web”可知这些笑容卡在网上。故选B。17A.serious BcasualCgeneral Dwasteful答案B解析联系上文的“Id do a casual act of”可知，六月初的旅行之后我改变了这种随意的(casual)的行为计划。故选B。18A.donated BexchangedCsold Dstolen答案A解析由下文的“helped strangers”可知，此处指的是捐赠食物。故选A。donate捐赠； exchange交换； sell卖；steal偷。19A.sell BbuyCfind Dlift答案D解析根据语境可知，

13、此处指我帮助陌生人提东西上楼梯。故选D。sell卖；buy买；find发现；lift举起，抬高。20A.bad BattractiveCpositive Dpassive答案C解析联系第二段中的“what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive”可知，作者是想找到保持积极乐观的计划。故可推知，此处指宇宙可能用笑容卡给我发了一条积极的信息。故选C。bad坏的；attractive有吸引力的；positive积极的；passive被动的，消极的。一、题型解读说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态、用途、原理或事物的发生、发展、结果等进行介绍、解释

14、、说明的一种文体。与记叙文相比，说明文类完形填空有如下命题特点：1文章多用一般现在时态。 说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用一般现在时态。2语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述。 说明文的目的是要帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实，易于理解，内容客观真实。3文章主题明确，层次分明。 高考说明文类完形填空往往在文章的开头就点明说明对象，从而为同学们把握文章主题提供了有利条件。 而且，作者借助合理的说明顺序展开文章，使文章结构清晰，层次分明。二、解题技巧1明确说明对象，理清段落关系。 通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其

15、加以说明的。 在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系，加深对说明对象的理解。2弄清说明顺序，把握作者态度。 在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行解说。 把握了说明顺序就能准确把握文章的脉络，加深对整篇文章的理解。 常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等)和认识顺序(如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质等)。 另外，在理清作者思路的基础上，还要注意反映作者态度的关键词或关键句，把握作者的写作情感和意思。(2018河北衡水中学一调)Do you ever feel like you are studying

16、 a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such a 1 1pace，it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning.It is important to 2 every now and then to think about what youve been learning.8Selfreflection means stopping the mad rush and 3 yourself so your brain can 5evaluate what

17、 it has already 4 .Some people prefer to do their selfreflections 5 ，while others keep a 2journal.Either method can work，depending on what your own personal 6 is.School textbooks are often divided into units.This can make it 7 for someone to begin the process of selfreflection.Watch for the times wh

18、en you complete a unit of study.Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is 8 because there is some kind of test or 3quiz.Use these natural 9 as 7opportunities to stop and reflect.You should find a 10 placeanywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish s

19、omething 11 and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you 12 learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some 13 .9Sometimes just 4pausing to think deeply allows your brain

20、 to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 16 ，maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you dont 17 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but your

21、e not sure when to use it.Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.Selfreflection is an 6essential skill for a 20 student.If you have never taken the time to reflect，try it now.语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我反思的定义以及它是如何帮助学生学习的。1A.steady Bfast

22、Crelaxing Dunique答案B解析根据前文的“a mad rush of one subject after another”可知，此处是指比较快的(fast)节奏。故选B。2A.change BcheckCstop Dexercise答案C解析时不时地停下来(stop)回想一下你一直在学的东西是非常重要的。故选C。下文的“stopping the mad rush”亦是提示。3A.calming BenjoyingCbehaving Dhelping答案A解析根据上文提到快节奏的学习以及空前的“stopping the mad rush”可知，此处应是指让自己平静下来。故选A。ca

23、lm使平静。4A.dealt BforgottenCfound Dreceived答案D解析平静下来，让你的大脑能评估它接收到的东西。receive接收，收到，符合题意。故选D。5A.personally BmentallyCslowly Ddirectly答案B解析与下文的“keep a journal”相对应，此处应指在心理上反思，故选B。6A.pace BgradeCskill Dstyle答案D解析这两种方法都会奏效，这取决于你自己的风格。故选D。7A.quick BnecessaryCeasy Dhard答案C解析make it easy for sb.to do sth.使某人容易

24、做某事。根据前文的“教科书被分成单元”可知选C。8A.finished BdividedCinterrupted Dcovered答案A解析与下文的“test or quiz”相对应，应是这部分完成了。故选A。9A.breaks BtestsCunits Dperiods答案A解析根据空后的“as opportunities to stop and reflect”可知，此处指利用这种自然的停顿去反思。故选A。break停顿。10A.safe BfamiliarCquiet Dcomfortable答案C解析根据下文的“without noise”可知，此处指选一个安静的(quiet)地方，故

25、选C。11A.correctly BfinallyCearly Dindependently答案C解析与空后的“the other students are still working”形成对比，故early“及早地”，符合题意。故选C。12A.actively BnewlyCrapidly Dcarefully答案B解析记下你本单元新学到的东西。newly最新，最近，符合语境。下一段中的“new information”亦是提示。13A.choices BdecisionsCconnections Dimprovements答案C解析这里是指让新旧知识相连，也可参考下一段中的“allows

26、your brain to make connections”。故选C。14A.in case Bso thatCeven if Das though答案B解析空后是前一分句的目的，故选B。in case万一； so that以至于；even if即使；as though好像。15A.seek BshareCshow Dneed答案D解析以便当你再次需要新信息时，它能够快速出现。故选D。16A.In general BOf courseCFor example DAs usual答案C解析根据上文内容和下文中的“maybe.”“Maybe.”可知，此处是在举例子，故选C。for example

27、例如。17A.know BdoubtCbelieve Dremember答案A解析但是你不知道(know)它是如何与身体的其他系统一起工作的。故选A。下一句中的“not sure”亦是提示。18A.opinions BmethodsCworries Dquestions答案D解析根据下文中的answers可知，此处是指写下你的问题。故选D。question问题。19A.come across Bget throughCthink of Dtake away答案A解析此处是指当下一次遇到相同的题目时。故选A。come across遇到。20A.talented BsuccessfulCserio

28、us Dyoung答案B解析自我反思是一个成功学生的基本技能。故选B。successful成功的。.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1We encourage all the students to study at their own pace.节奏2He has formed the habit of keeping a journal every day.日记3Tom likes watching TV，especially likes watching quiz shows.智力竞赛4He made a short pause and then went o

29、n reading.停顿(二)同义词语替换5We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.assess6The words are essential for everybody to learn English.necessary/vital7May I take this opportunity to thank you for all your hard work.chance(三)一词多义 8reflection n反映；倒影；映像；深思；仔细考虑(1)To some extent，students grades are a re

30、flection of teachers.反映(2)We looked at our reflections in the lake.倒影(3)A week off would give him time for reflection.仔细考虑.长难句理解9Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections so that new information can quickly appear when you need it again.句式分析本句是一个复合句，主语部分为动名词短语pausi

31、ng to think deeply；so that引导目的状语从句。在从句中when引导时间状语从句。精美译文有时候仅仅是短暂地停下来深思一下就能使你的大脑建立联系，以便当你再次需要新信息时，新信息就会很快速出现。强化练(二十五) .完形填空(2018宁夏石嘴山中学三模)As a child，I was always told to “eat my greens”These were the unappealing vegetables that sat on the edge of my plate.Peas，and green beans，all looked and tasted 1

32、.Lets face it，when there were so many other delicious treats to 2 ，why eat boring vegetables?Since then my taste buds have 3 and Im also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables.But we still need 4 of the amazing goodness these green super foods give us.In the UK，a campaign has

33、been 5 for several years to encourage us to eat our “5 A Day”five portions of fruit and vegetables.Thats 6 evidence has shown there are significant health 7 to getting at least five 80g portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day.But I struggle to try to fit these five portions into my d

34、aily 8 ，partly because I have a sweet 9 and vegetables are，well，tasteless.Researchers have been 10 how to make eating vegetables more 11 .They analysed the psychology behind our food 12 and found that most of us are 13 by taste.Brad Turnwald from Stanford University says that “studies show that peop

35、le 14 to think of healthier options as less tasty for some reason.”In Europe，a project called VeggieEAT has also been trying to find ways to get people to 15 more vegetables.Project leader，Professor Heather Hartwell believes in 16 encouraging people into eating the right things.One idea has been to

36、put a 17 of a tasty looking fruit on a supermarket trolley as a 18 about buying something from the fruit store.She says，“Choice is a really 19 thing.But making vegetables look attractive will increase their sales.”Certainly，eating “twisted citrusglazed carrots” does sound tempting，even if it just 20

37、 like a carrot，but if it makes us eat more vegetables then that can only be a good thing for our health.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项旨在提倡人们多吃青菜的研究，并介绍了一些商家用来吸引顾客购买蔬菜的销售技巧。1A.delicious BdisgustingCripen Dsweet答案B解析由第一段中的“unappealing vegetables”“boring vegetables”可知，空处应选B。disgusting令人厌恶的。故选B。2A.buy BprepareC

38、enjoy Doffer答案C解析有那么多美味的食品可以享受，为什么要吃这些令人讨厌的蔬菜？故选C。3A.developed BappearedCexisted Dshrank答案A解析从那时起，我的味蕾发展(即改变)了，并且我也充分意识到吃新鲜蔬菜对健康的好处。故选A。4A.talking BinformingCreminding Dwarning答案C解析我们仍需提醒记得这些绿色的“超级食品”给我们带来的惊人益处。talk谈话；inform通知；remind提醒；warn警告。故选C。5A.planning BrunningCaiming Dintending答案B解析在英国，一项活动已经

39、持续了好几年。plan计划；run持续，延续；aim旨在；intend打算。故选B。6A.why BhowCwhen Dbecause答案D解析这是因为有证据表明，人们每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处。why为什么；how如何；when当时；because因为。故选D。7A.needs BissuesCbenefits Drisks答案C解析need需要； issue问题；benefit益处； risk风险。句意参见上题解析。故选C。8A.diet BeducationCwork Dexercise答案A解析但是我仍在努力把这五份食物融入我的日常饮食，部分原因是我爱吃甜食，

40、而且觉得蔬菜很无味。daily diet日常饮食。故选A。9A.tendency BtoothCpreference Dappetite答案B解析句意参见上题解析。have a sweet tooth爱吃甜食。tendency倾向，趋势；preference偏爱；appetite食欲，胃口。故选B。10A.showing BdiscoveringCreporting Dstudying答案D解析研究人员一直在研究如何让吃蔬菜更具吸引力，故选D。11A.attractive BappropriateCbeneficial Dindependent答案A解析句意参见上题解析。attractive吸

41、引人的，诱人的；appropriate合适的，恰当的；beneficial有益的；independent独立的。12A.wastes BvaluesCchoices Djudgments答案C解析他们分析了我们选择食物时的心理，发现大部分人都是受味道的驱使。choice选择。故选C。13A.confused BdisturbedCchallenged Dmotivated答案D解析句意参见上题解析。motivate使有动力；激发；激励。故选D。14A.manage BtendCagree Ddecide答案B解析由语境可知，此处指“人们会倾向于认为更健康的食物更难吃。”tend to do.倾

42、向于做。故选B。15A.grow BharvestCstore Deat答案D解析在欧洲，一个名为VeggieEAT的项目一直在尝试找出能让人们多吃蔬菜的方式。故选D。下文的“eating the right things”亦是提示。16A.suddenly BslowlyCfirmly Dseriously答案B解析该项目领导者希瑟哈特韦尔教授赞成慢慢地鼓励人们吃正确的食物。slowly缓慢地。故选B。17A.picture BlotCvariety Dnumber答案A解析由空后的“a tasty looking fruit on a supermarket trolley”可知，此处指一

43、张看起来美味的水果的照片。picture图片。故选A。18A.sign BconcernChint Dclue答案C解析其中一个想法是，把看起来很美味的水果图片放在超市的购物车上，以此来暗示消费者去水果区域购买东西。hint暗示。故选C。19A.complex BeasyCquick Dcasual答案A解析她说：“选择是一件非常复杂的事情。 但是让蔬菜看起来有吸引力会增加它们的销量。”complex复杂的。故选A。20A.looks BsmellsCfeels Dtastes答案D解析由空前的eating可知，空处指吃起来像是胡萝卜，taste品尝；尝出的味道。故选D。.阅读理解(2019河

44、南郑州三模)For as long as weve known about it，humans have searched for a cure for cancer.Across the world，countless amounts of time and money have been spent on researching a way to stop the terrible disease.But now，it seems like the answer could have been inside our own bodies the whole time.Recently，the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US，a government agency thats responsible for healthcare，approved a new form of gene therapy that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer.The therapy allows scientists to “train” the immune cells of sick patients to fight leukemiaa blo