牛津英语9A-Unit-8-Detective-stories-单元详解.docx

1、牛津英语9A Unit 8 Detective stories 单元详解1. Why are you dressed like that ? 你为什么打扮成那个样子？dress作及物动词,意为“给穿衣服,打扮”,其后常接人作宾语;如果接“衣服”,则用dress sb in或be dressed in结构The baby was dressed in a beautiful little suit.那个婴儿穿着漂亮的小衣服。(1) be dressed 表示“被打扮”，dress 在这里作动词用，表示“打扮”例：他妹妹大了，自己会穿衣服了。His sister is _.(2) dress up

2、 as 表示“打扮成。”例：在万圣节孩子喜欢打扮成美猴王。Children like _.辨析dress,put on和weardress后接sb,“给穿衣”,表示动作。put on后接sth,“穿上( 衣服 )”,表示动作。wear后接sth,“穿着”,相当于be dressed in或be in,表示状态。例如:She dressed herself and went out.她穿好衣服,然后出去了。He put on a thick sweater since it was cold in the morning.早晨很冷,他穿上了一件厚毛衣。I wear glasses every d

3、ay.我每天戴眼镜。活学活用1.She took off the old dress and_a new one.( B )A.wore B.put on C.dressed D.dressed up2.She hurriedly_her son and drove him to the nearest hospital.( C )A.put on B.wore C.dressed D.dressed up3.I_a coat and a pair of trousers today.( A )A.wear B.dress C.put on D.dress up2. A detective i

4、s someone who looks for clues to something important. 侦探就是一个寻找重要线索的人。(1)这是一句定语从句，先行词是：detective 指人，所以要用关系代词who.(2) something important 表示“某些重要的事”不定代词修饰形容词放在形容词的前面。 修通常情况下，在肯定句中用something; 在否定和疑问句中用anything .但以may , would , could , shall 引导的疑问句，仍然用something 例：你能否告诉我在今天的报纸上有一些重要的事情吗？Could you tell me

5、_ 我们可以问一些关于你们学校的问题吗？May we ask _?3. This is much more serious. 这件事要严重得多。(1) much 在这里修饰比较节more serious 。serious 表示“严重”，它的比较级要加moremuch 修饰形容词的比较级，表示“多”例：我父亲比你父亲大得多。 My father is _.想一想：还有哪些词能修饰形容词的比较级？并举例。even ; a little ;far等词修饰比较级。4.What happened? 发生什么事了？ happen是不及物动词,它的用法常见的有如下几种情况：1).表示“某地(某时)发生了什么

6、事”,常用“sth.+ happen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情.例如：The story happened in 2003.这个故事发生在2003年.An accident happened in that street.那条街上发生了一起事故.2).表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达.例如：A car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她发生了交通事故.What happened to you?你怎么啦?辨析：happen 和take place的用法tak

7、e place：多指通过人为安排的发生。happen：普通用词，泛指一切客观事物或情况的发生，强调动作的偶然性。注意： take place 和happen 无被动语态。5. My food has gone missing.我的食物不见了。(1) go missing 表示“不见了”， 这里go充当连系动词，跟形容词例：She went mad when she heard the news. _ missing 是动词miss的现在分词形式，相当于形容词，表示“失去的、下落不明的、失踪的、错过的”例：There is a page missing in the middle of the

8、book. Please find out the _ words then put them in the blanks. A. lost B. missing C. gone D. losing(2) lost 是动词lose(丢失) 的过去分词形式，相当于形容词，表示“丢失的”例：在我回家的路上，我找到了丢失的手表。I _.(3) gone是动词go的过去分词，相当于形容词，表示“失去的”例：他的新电脑没了。 His _.易混辨析missing, gone与lostmissing缺少的;失去的强调某人或 某物暂时找不到了(含有最终 可能找到之意)gone不复存在含有“一去不复返”之意，可

9、作表语或宾语补足语lost失去的;丢失的含有难以找回的意思，可作定语、表语或宾语补足语6.We have made notes on all of the suspects. 我们已经对所有的嫌疑犯都做了笔录。make notes 表示“做笔录、做笔记”； make notes onb sb 表示“给某人做笔录”例：我们必须学会在课堂内做笔记。We must _.你给嫌疑犯做了笔录了吗？_.7.Who do you think is not telling the truth?你认为谁没说实话呢?(1) do you think 是插入语，当句子中的疑问词作主语是时，可以放在句首、句中或句末而

10、不要改变句子的语序。例：你认为你们班上谁的英语学得最好。_.(2)tell the truth说实话，说出真相。truth作名词，意为“事实,真相”。He was afraid to tell her the truth.他害怕告诉她真相。(3).true为形容词,意为“真实的”;truly为副词,意为“真实地;真诚地”。come true意为“实现,成真”。例如:This is a true story.这是一个真实的故事。What he said was true.他所说的是真的。He knew he had behaved badly and he seemed truly sorry.

11、他知道自己表现得不好,所以看上去真的很懊悔。活学活用1.We shall find out the_early or late.( A )A.truth B.mistake C.mystery D.death2.His dream will_sooner or later.( B )A.realize B.come true C.come D.be true3.He_loved his children.( C )A.hardly B.correctly C.truly D.simply8.I guess Jimmy White is lying.我猜吉米.怀特在说谎。 lie说谎 句中的ly

12、ing是ie的现在分词形式。 lie 作不及物动词，意为“说谎”，表示“对某人说谎”用lie to sb. Lie也可作名词，意“谎言”，常用短语为tell a lie.Dont lie to anyone.不要对任何人撒谎。知识拓展lie说谎lyingliedliedlie躺，位于lyinglaylainlay下蛋，放置layinglaidlaidTheir factory lies on the south bank of the river.Dad felt a little tired and lay down for a rest.9.Hes an office worker of

13、medium height. 他是一名中等个儿的上班族（办事员）(1) an office worker 表示“上班族、办事员”(2) medium height 中等个子， height 表示“高度”是形容词high 的名词形式。写出下列词的名词形式die _; weigh _; lose _; long _例： Her mothers _made her very sad. ( 死亡 ) 那座山的高度是800米。The _ 她的表弟是一位中等身材的教师。Her _Reading1. Early today, the body of a 25-year-old man was found i

14、n West Town. 今天一大早（清晨），在西镇发现了一具25岁的男尸。(1).a 25-year-old man 表示“一位25岁的男子”， 25-year-old 相当于形容词作定语，修饰名词 man例：在这两座城市之间有一座800米长的桥。There is _.2.He was last seen leaving his office in East Town at about 7 p.m yesterday.他最后一次被看到离开他的办公室是昨天下午七点钟。(1) be seen doing sth 是被动语态， 表示“被看到正在做某事”，比较：be seen to do sth 也

15、是被动语态，表示“被看到经常做某事“例： 经常有人看到他们在操场上打篮球。They are often _. 刚才有人看到一些女生在教室里唱歌。 Some girl students _just now.注意：感官和视觉动词see（看到）, watch（观察） ,notice (注视)， feel （感觉）, hear(听到)，有下列用法：often see/ hear sb do sth 表示“经常看到/听到某人做某事”（跟动词原形作宾补），它的被动语态是：sb be often seen/ heard to do sth 表示“某人被看到/听到做。”例：我们经常看到一些大妈在公园跳舞。We

16、 often see _in the park.see/ hear sb doing sth when。表示“当。时看到某人正在做。”，（跟现在分词作宾补）例：当我路过办公室的时候，看到老师正在和几个家长谈话。We saw _ when we _.3.They are sill working at the scene of the crime to find out whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then I brought to West Town, or killed at the place where he was

17、found.他们仍在案发现场工作，以查明受害者是在别的地方遇害后被带到西城，还是在发现他(尸体)的地方被杀害。考点1):find out为动词短语，意为“找出，查明;弄清”，通常指经过努力春明事情的真相。At last, the teacher found out who gave her the card.最后,这位老师弄清楚是谁送给她贺卡了。易混辨析find out, find 与look forfind out查明,找出;弄清指把事情查清楚，弄明白find找到，发现强调“找”的结果look for寻找强调“找”的动作I found that book under he bed in th

18、e end.最后，我在床底下找到了那本书。Tom is looking for his glasses汤姆正在寻找他的眼镜。考点2): somewhere在某处常考somewheresomewhere作副词，意为“在某处”，常用在肯定句中,在否定句或疑问句中通常用anywhere。Ive got a feeling Ive seen him somewhere before. 我有种感觉 ，我以前在某个地方见过他。注意当形容词修饰复合不定代词或不定副词时，要把形容词放在不定代词或不定副词的后面。Id like to go somewhere interesting for my vacatio

19、n. 我想去某个有趣的地方度假。同类归纳:常见的不定代调或不定副词somebody/ someone某人 anybody/ anyone 任何人everybody/ everyone每人 something某事;某物 nobody没有人 nothing没有事情 anything任何事情 nowhere无处 anywhere任何地方考点3).whether作连词,意为“是否”,有疑问的含义。一般情况下whether和if可以互换,都可放在ask,know,see,learn,understand,wonder等词的后面引导宾语从句。但在以下几种情况中通常只能用whether。1).whether

20、之后紧跟or not时,不可与if互换。例如:I cant say whether or not they can come on time.我说不准他们是否能按时来。2).在介词后只能用whether。例如:Im thinking about whether we should go to see the film.我在考虑我们是否应该去看那部电影。3).与动词不定式连用时,只能用whether。例如:I cant decide whether to go or to stay.我不能决定是走是留。4).whether引导主语从句、表语从句,不可与if互换。例如:Whether the qu

21、estion is true is a mystery yet.这个问题是否是真的还是一个谜。The question is whether it is true.这个问题是否是真的。活学活用1.I wonder_they will come to our party.( A )A.if B.unless C.that D.until2.I dont know_or not he will come this afternoon.( D )A.if B.when C.while D.whether4.The victim was wounded with a knife and bled to

22、 death as a result.受害者受了刀伤（被人用刀刺伤），结果流血过多而死。(1).be wounded with。表示“受。的伤”。wounded是动词wound 的形容词形式，表示“受伤的”例：很久前他受过枪伤。He _(2).bleed to death 表示“流血而死”这里to 是介词，death是名词，表示“死亡”。例： -你爷爷什么时候死的？_- 他死了有十多年了。 _ 他们把那个要死的人送到了医院。They _(3).as a result是固定短语,意为“因此;结果”,它可放在句首、句尾,也可放在句子中间。另一个相似的结构是as a result of,意为“由于;

23、作为的结果”,相当于because of。例如:It is raining hard,as a result,we cant go out.雨下得很大,因此我们不能出去了。We cant take a walk as a result of the strong wind.由于强风,我们不能去散步了。活学活用1._his hard work,he passed the exam easily.( B )A.As a result B.As a result of C.In result of D.Because2.He beat all the competitors and won the

24、scholarship.( A )A.as a result B.as a result of C.because of D.in result5.According to the record , he was guilty of computer crimes in the past.根据记载，他过去曾参与过电脑犯罪活动。(1) according to 表示“根据。”(2) be guilty of 表示“犯。罪”例： Tom 犯而谋杀罪。Tom _. 他由于杀人而被判入狱。He has _.6.He was charged with breaking into several comp

25、uter systems over the last year.在去年，他被指控非法闯入几家电脑系统(1).be charged with 表示“被指控。”, sb be charged with sth/doing sth表示“某人被指控做某事，其主动结构是：charge sb with 表示“指控某人有。罪“例： 警方指控他偷钱。The police _. He _( charge ) with murder last month.(2).charge 作动词，表示“收费”，常与介词for 连用，固定结构：charge sb + money +fot sth表示“想某人收取某物的费用”例：

26、The hotel charged me 30 dollars for a room for one night._含有charge 的短语还有： in the charge of 表示“主管”，in the charge of 由。主管/负责(3).相关短语:free of charge免费 be in charge of负责,主管be in the charge of .负责由-主管(4)break into 表示“闯入、侵入、强行进入”例：在昨天晚上他闯入超市，把所有值钱的东西都拿走了。He _of value.含有break的词组还有：break down 出故障，break off

27、断开；break out 爆发； break up 粉碎7.We suppose that the victim knew his murderer.我们认为受害者认识凶手。(1).suppose意为“猜想;假定;料想”。be supposed to do sth意为“应当做某事”;suppose sb+adj.“认为某人”;suppose+that.意为“猜想”。例如:I suppose well go there next week.我想我们下周去那里。What makes you suppose he is connected with the matter?是什么让你认为他与那件事有关

28、呢?We all suppose him clever.我们所有的人都认为他很聪明。注意:在英语中,含suppose的句子是用否定主句谓语的方式来否定后面宾语从句的内容( 即把宾语从句的否定词not转移到否定主句谓语动词上来 ),这种语言现象叫作否定前移,在这种用法中,suppose意为“想;认为;猜想”。例如:I dont suppose Ill trouble you again.我想我不会再麻烦你了。活学活用1.You_shake hands when you meet someone for the first time.( D )A.suppose B.suppose to C.ar

29、e supposed D.are supposed to2.In France you are supposed to_bread on the table instead of on the plate.( B )A.putting B.put C.having D.have8.A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt.有目击者称他气喘吁吁，且衬衫上有血迹。(1)breathe 是动词，表示“呼吸”， 它的名词形式是：breath例： We _ fresh air in the op

30、en air every day. ( 呼吸 ) They ran so fast that they were out of _。( 呼吸 )9. any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer.提供)任何线索抓获凶手(的人)。考点：lead to导致;通向 ，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名同作宾语。 All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。 Bad temper always leads to getting into rouble.坏脾气总是会导致遇上麻烦。Grammar 综合讲解限制性定语从句

31、和关系代词定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。本单元重点讲解限制性定语从句及关系代词的用法。1. 定语从句的含义及用法在复合句中,修饰某-一 名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系代词引出，对先行词起修饰限定的作用。The book that you read is Harry Potter.你读的书叫哈利.波特。She is a girl who is of great intelligence.她是个非常聪明的女孩。2.定语从句的引导词定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词，常用的关系代调有:that,which, who

32、 , whom和whose.Three are some films (that) Id like to see有一些我想看的电影。That is the man who teacher us English.那就是教我们英语的男士。3.关系代词的用法1).关系代词that 既可指人也可指物，在从句中做主语或宾语。The dumplings (that) Mum made were very delicious. (作宾语)如妈做的饺子很美味。A plane is a machine that can fly.(作主语)飞机是一种会飞的机器。2).关系代词which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语作

33、主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。They want to plant some trees which dont need too much wale. (作主语)他们想种植一此不需要浇太多水的树。The fish (which) we bought were not fresh. (作宾语)我们买的鱼不新鲜。3)关系代词who或whom指人，如果关系代词在从句中作主语，用who;如果作宾语,用whom。在口语中，常用who代替whom,也可省略。The foreigner who visited our school last week is from Canada. (作主语)上周来参观我

34、们学校的那个外国人来自加拿大。The girl (who/ whom) we met yesterday is Mr Hus daughter. (作宾语)昨天我们碰到的那个女孩是胡先生的女儿。4.whose引导定语从句时，先行词可以是人也可以是物，whose在从句中作定语。This is the the girl whose parents died in the earthquake.这就在地震中失去父母的那个小女孩。注意在含有定语从句的复合句中，如果关系代词作定语从句的语，从向中调语动调的人称和数应与先行词保持一致。There are six friends that help us (

35、to) move.有六个朋友帮我们帮忙。Integrated skills-Task1.Can you think of any safety tips to protect yourselves against crime?你们能想到哪些安全措施来保护自己呢?safety为名词,意为“安全”;safely为副词,意为“安全地,平安地;可靠地”;safe作形容词,意为“安全的;安然无恙的;可靠的;谨慎的”;safe作名词,意为“保险箱”。例如:It is not safe to drive like that.You must slow down.那样开车是不安全的。你必须减速。Put the

36、 money in the hotel safe for safety.为保险起见,请把钱放到宾馆的保险箱里。The pilot landed the plane safely.飞行员使飞机安全地降落。活学活用1.This beach is_for swimming. ( B )A.powerful B.safe C.unusual D.peaceful2.You must wear_belt while driving. ( B )A.safely B.safety C.safe D.unsafe3.Please drive_on the highway( 公路 ) when you go

37、home. ( A )A.safely B.safety C.safe D.unsafe2. We should remember to lock the door when we leave home.当我们离开家的时候，应该记得锁门。考点:(1).remember作及物动词,意为“记得”，其后接名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或从句作宾语。remember to do sth是固定结构,意为“记得做某事”Do you remember that girl?你记得那个女孩吗?I remember that she moved”New York three years ago我记得她三年前搬到纽

38、约去了。易混辨析remember to do sth与remember doing sth remember to do sth意为“记得做某事(事情还未做)”。 Please remember to call me.请记得给我打电话。remember doing sth意为“记得做过某事(事情已做)”。My sister remembered locking the door. 我妹妹记得锁过门了 。知识拓展remember的反义同是forget, 意为“忘记”，其用法与remember类似。forget to do sth意为“忘记做某事”forget doing sth意为“忘记收了某事

39、”Dont forget to lock the door before you leave the classroom.在你离开教室之前不要忘记锁门。I forgot locking the door我忘记锁过门了。(3) lock 可以作动词，表示“锁上”直接跟宾语，过去式是locked； 也可以作名词，表示“锁” 例： Please dont forget _( lock ) the door when leaving home.3.Bruce gets along with all of his neighbours except the man who lives next door

40、.除了住在他隔壁的那个男人之外,布鲁斯和所有邻居都相处和睦。考点(1): get along .和睦相处 ,其中along可以用on来替换。get along /on well with 意为“与-相处得好”。How are you getting on/ along with your classmate?你和你的同班同学们相处得怎么样?He gets along/on well with his boss.他和他的老板相处得很好。(2).except为介词,意为“除了之外;除非”,表示从整体中除去部分。后可接名词、代词或从句作宾语。辨析besides与except1.besides意为“除

41、之外( 还 )”,后接的对象通常也包括在内。例如:Amy knows Spanish besides French.除法语外,艾米还懂西班牙语。2.except意为“除之外”,后接的对象不包括在内。例如:Except you,all the students should go to visit the museum.除了你之外,所有的学生都应该去参观博物馆。3.but和except的用法基本相同,但着重强调整句的内容,且习惯上用于very,all,any,nothing等词后。例如:She could do nothing but sweep.她除了扫地什么也做不了。4.except for意为“除之外”,表示对整体主要部