最新英语情态动词用法总结(完整).doc

1、最新英语情态动词用法总结(完整)一、单项选择情态动词1 -Is Jack on duty today? -It _ be him. Its his turn tomorrow.AmustntBwontCcantDneednt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表示推测。句意：-今天杰克值日吗？-不可能是他。明天该轮到他。cant be用于否定推测“不可能是”，must表示推测的时候，表示“肯定是”，wont不愿意，neednt不必，故选C。2They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigati

2、on, or they _to our help.Awould have comeBcould comeChave comeDhad come【答案】A【解析】试题分析：本句考查的是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句，句中的or相当于if they had not gone abroad.因为前面句中使用的是were，说明这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反，所以主句中使用的是“情态动词+have done”的形式。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮助我们了。故A正确。3Using AI， many companies are now conducting experiments

3、 that_ possible just a few years agoAwould have beenBmight have beenCshouldnt have beenDcouldnt have been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldnt have done，故D项正确。4I have something important to tell John. But I cant find him.His cell phone is

4、here, so he _ have gone too far.AmustntBneedntCwouldntDcant【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能，用cant have done。故选D。5Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.Aneed have practisedBmight practiseCmust have practisedDcou

5、ld practise【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。6It has been announced that all the candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.AshallBcouldCwouldDought【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：据宣布，所有的候选人都要坐在位置上，直到所有的试卷都被收齐。根据

6、句意可知本句是考试规则，情态动词shall可以表示“按照规则/规定/法律要做的事情”，符合本句语境。故A项正确。7 Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window? Well, if you _. I can put on more clothes.AcanBmayCmustDshall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：-不好意思，我把窗户打开你介意吗?- 好吧，如果你必须这么做的话。我可以多穿点衣服。A. can能够；B. may可能；C. must一定；必须；D. shall会；将。must表示偏要，必须要做的事情，故选C。8What h

7、appened to the young trees we planted last week?The trees _ well, but I didnt water them.Amight growBneednt have grownCwould have grownDwould grow【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。我们上周种的小树怎么了?这些小树本来会长得很好,但是我们没有给 它们浇水。根据语境可知,此处是对过去的事实进行假设,故本题选C。9Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour

8、early.AneedntBwouldntCmustntDcouldnt【答案】A【解析】 考查情态动词。needt have done 本不必要做某事，句意：迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后，他早到了半个小时。wouldnt不会，mustnt禁止，couldnt不可能，所以选A。10My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.Ashouldnt have attendedBcouldnt have attendedCmustnt have attendedDneednt have att

9、ended【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查情态动词用法。Shouldnt have done本不应该做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；couldnt have done不可能做某事（对过去情况的推测）；neednt have done本不需要做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；句意：我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见了他，所以他不可能去听了你的演讲。故B正确。考点：考查情态动词用法点评：考本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done 本应该做而实际未做。cant have done 过去不可能做了某事；shouldnt have

10、done 本不应该做而实际做了。 need have done 本有必要做某事；neednt have done 本没有必要做某事；注意没有 mustnt have done的形式。11Daddy, would you please buy me an iPhoneX?If you can pass this midterm examination, you _ have one as a reward.AmustBneedCwouldDshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：爸爸，你可以给我买部iPhone X吗？-如果你通过考试，你就会得到一部作为奖励。A. must一定；

11、B. need必要；C. would将，会；D. shall会。根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。【点睛】shall的用法。1. shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。shall后面接动词原形。例如：（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。2. shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this

12、 evening?3. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital?4. shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you dont work harder. （警告） He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）He shall be punished. （威胁）比如本题，根据语境可知，这句话是

13、父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。12Can I pay the bill by check?Sorry，sirBut it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cashAshallBneedCwillDcan【答案】A【解析】【详解】考察情态动词用法。句意：我能用支票付账吗?对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的管理规定,支付要用现金。shall可以表示命令，警告，强制，或者指规则和法律要求做的事情。本题正是考察了shall表示按照规则和法律要求做的事情。故A正确。13Tony _ what I did annoyin

14、g though he didnt say anything.So you think you will have to make an apology?Acould findBshould have foundCmight findDmust have found【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：Tony一定觉得我做的事很烦人，尽管他什么也没说。所以你认为你得道歉吗?。由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：1.“must + have

15、+ 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否

16、定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：You ought to / should have stud

17、ied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有） He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了） 6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.分析

18、句子可知，由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。14I dont really like Janes. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He come. He said he wast certain what his plans were.Amust notBneed notCwould notDmight not【答案】D【解析】考察情态动词，题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定，might not。15_ you distu

19、rb me now? Im busy preparing a report. Terribly sorry, but I have something urgent to tell you.ANeedBShouldCMightDMust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词特殊用法。句意：你非要现在打扰我吗？我正在准备一份报告。真对不起，但是我怕有紧急事情告诉你。A. Need需要；B. Should 应该；C. Might也许；D. Must必须；一定；偏偏，非得；根据语境可知must表示“偏偏，非得”符合上下文语境，用来指责对方。故D项正确。16Well make the final de

20、cision on our scheme. _ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.AShouldBWereCWouldDHad【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind。故选A。【点睛】虚拟语气中的倒装当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，

21、然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.Should he fail, he would kill himself.万一失败，他就会自杀。2）If I were you, I would do it at once.Were I you, I would do it at once.假若我是你，我就会马上做。要是我能做此事，我一定会做。3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.Had he seen you ye

22、sterday, he would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。17-Mary knows the city quite well.-She_ well have been there before.AneedBcouldCshouldDmay【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解

23、】考查情态动词辨析。句意：Mary非常了解这个城市。她肯定以前在那里呆过。may have done过去可能做过某事。表示对过去的肯定猜测。need have done本需要做某事却没做；could have done本可以做某事却没做；should have done本应该做某事却没做。故选D。18I use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.AcouldntBmustntCshouldntDneednt【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查情态动词辨析。A不可能

24、；B禁止，千万不能；C不应该；D不需要；句意：我不需要使用闹钟叫醒我，因为每天早上六点都有一列火车经过我的家旁边。根据句意可知我不需要使用闹钟。故D正确。考点：考查情态动词词义辨析19Mr. Smith is almost on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the meeting?AcanBshouldCmayDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：史密斯先生几乎任何事情都是准时的。他怎么可能开会迟到了？ A. can可能，可能性，表示可能性时，常用于否定句和疑问句中，且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信

25、” 等感情色彩。B. should 应该； C. may也许，表示可能性时常用于肯定句中，不用于疑问句中。D.must常用于肯定句中表推测，“一定”的意思；本题是强调句型的一个变式：强调其特殊疑问句how的形式。根据前句“斯密斯先生几乎是很准时”可推测出“怎么可能开会迟到呢？”。根据句意可知，用于疑问句中的“可能性”且有不相信的色彩，四个选项只有“can”符合题意。故选A【点睛】情态动词就是表示说话者对事情的一种看法，也就是一种语气。情态动词的用法一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点，平时要加强记忆。20Its so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your

26、windows still closed? Oh, Im not to blame. They _ open.AshantBmustntCwontDwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：-这里又热又不舒服！你的窗户怎么还关着？ -哦，不该责备我啊。窗户打不开了。shant= shall not意为“不可, 不应”；mustnt=must not意为“不要”；wouldnt=would not 意为“不会，不愿意”。wont=will not意为“不会, 不能”， will在这里表示能力、功能。例如：This auditorium will seat one thous

27、and people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人。这句话意思是“这扇窗不能打开”，故选C项。21You _ be right but Im going back to check anyway.AshouldBmustCneedDmight【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你或许是对的，但我还是要回去核对一下。A. should应该；B. must一定，必须；C. need需要；D. might或许。本题主要考查情态动词表示推测的用法，由Im going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。故选D项。【点睛】can / could用于表推

28、测的用法(1)从使用句型上看，can通常只用于否定句或疑问句，一般不用于肯定句，而could可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。两者没有时间上的差别，只是could比 can更委婉，更不确定。(2)从时间关系看，对现在或将来情况作推测，后接动词原形；对正在进行的情况作推测，后接be doing结构；对过去情况作推测，后接动词完成式。二、may / might用于表推测的用法表示推测，两者都可用，只是might比may语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。如本题，根据Im going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。(1)在句型使用方面：两者均可用于肯定句

29、和否定句，但用于疑问句时，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑问句的句中（如特殊疑问句等），而might尽管可以用于疑问句的句首，但不算普通，通常会改用其他句式（如用could等）。三、must表示推测的用法must表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形；表示对过去情况的推测，接动词完成式。22He _ writing the paper now. He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.Ashouldnt beBcant

30、 have finishedCcant beDmustnt have finished【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为cant have done不可能做某事，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查推测句对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done对过去情况的否定推测是cant/couldnt have done例如:The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.He cant have finished his

31、work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.23According to the latest rule, people _sort household garbage into four categories.AcanBshallCmayDneed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据最新的规定，人们应该把生活垃圾分成四类。A. can能；B. shall应该；C. may也许；D. need需要。shall用于第二人称表示承诺、命令、警告、威胁的口吻，这里是指法令规定了，因此用shall。故选B。24Every

32、coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, _ just be noise to others.AmustBshouldCmayDwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。A. must一定，表示肯定推测；B. should应该；C. may也许，可能；D. would将会，表示对将来的推测。分析句子可知，此处应该表示可能的推测，“美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。”。结合选项，故选C。25Whats wrong with the door?The key h

33、as got stuck in it and _ come out.AshouldntBmustntCneedntDwont【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：-门怎么了?-钥匙卡在里面出不来了。A. shouldnt不应该；B. mustnt禁止；C. neednt 不需要；D. wont不会。wont表示拒绝时，其主语有时可以是“物”。故选D项。26I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didnt recognize the voice.Oh, it _ my younger sister. She was

34、in my room at that moment.Amust have beenBshould have beenCcould have beenDmay have been【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：昨天上午我给你打电话。一个女孩回答的，但我没听出谁的声音。哦，那一定是我妹妹。她那一刻正在我的房间里。情态动词加动词的现在完成式形式，表示对过去的推测。A. must have been表示一定做了某事。用于肯定推测；B. should have been 本应该，表示应该做而没有做某事。C. could have been用于肯定句时，表示可能做了某事。更常用于否定推测；D

35、. may have been可能做过某事。表示可能性很小。结合语境判断，表示非常肯定的推测，故选A。27One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.AneedBmustCshouldDcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：关于英国人你可以肯定的一点是他们谈论很多的天气。A. need需要；B. must必须；C. should表示责任和义务；D. can可以；能够。根据语境，故选D。28If you

36、 wish, you _ come in and have a cup of tea with us any time.AwouldBshouldCmustDmay【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：如果你愿意，你可以任何时候过来和我们一起喝杯茶。A. would会，过去常常；B. should应该；C. must必须；D. may可以，可能。结合句意可知，此处用“可以”符合语境，故选D项。29Its so cold here! Why havent you turned on your air-conditioner?Well, it _ turn on.Ashouldnt

37、BcantCwontDshant【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这里太冷了！你为什么不把空调打开呢？嗯，这个空调老是打不开。A. shouldnt不应该；B. cant不能；C. wont偏偏不，老是不，此处是表示习惯或倾向；D. shant不会。这里使用will的否定wont表示事物的自然属性“空调总是开不开”。故选C项。30I feel a little nervous.Take it easy. You _ have difficulty passing the exam when you have prepared for it well.AmustntBneedntCmay notDshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我觉得有点紧张。不要着急。当你准备充分时，通过考试应该不会有困难。A. mustnt禁止，不允许；B. neednt不必；C. may not可能不会；D. shouldnt不应该。结合句意可知答案为D。