最全十大名校外科学-烧伤、冷伤-课件.ppt
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1、医学课件1烧伤、冷伤烧伤、冷伤Burns Cold injury Lesson Four Bit Wound哈尔滨医科大学第一临床医学院哈尔滨医科大学第一临床医学院烧伤整形科烧伤整形科 翟舒娅翟舒娅医学课件2Tissue injury caused by heat is called burn Tissue injury caused by heat is called burn(including scald)(including scald)Burn in cammen Burn in cammen at ordinary times or in war.at ordinary times
2、 or in war.At ordinary times,scald is the greater part of At ordinary times,scald is the greater part of burn.On the other hand,burn offer happens in burn.On the other hand,burn offer happens in war.According to degree of injury and difference war.According to degree of injury and difference of body
3、 reaction,burn can be classified into three of body reaction,burn can be classified into three stage in clinical process.At the same time,the stage in clinical process.At the same time,the three stage connects with each other and couldthree stage connects with each other and could医学课件3not be disting
4、uished entirely.I shockstagenot be distinguished entirely.I shockstage.It is.It is hypovolemichypovolemic shock,infective stage.The shock,infective stage.Theinfective incidence is the hignestinfective incidence is the hignest in two weeks in two weeks post burn,repairationpost burn,repairation stage
5、.Wound begin to stage.Wound begin to repair soon after burn happed.In our country the repair soon after burn happed.In our country the treatment level of burn comes up to advanced treatment level of burn comes up to advanced world standards.Most Vnitsworld standards.Most Vnits cured many patients cu
6、red many patients of exceeding of exceeding SBA 90%.The total cure rate SBA 90%.The total cure rate amount to over 95%,we maintain that patients amount to over 95%,we maintain that patients with large burn area and deep degree burn with large burn area and deep degree burn should be carried out rema
7、val of escharshould be carried out remaval of eschar and skin and skin 医学课件4grafting in batches and by stages.The result was grafting in batches and by stages.The result was satisfied.satisfied.Key words:burn,cold injury,bite wound,Key words:burn,cold injury,bite wound,scald,shock,repairation wound,
8、escharscald,shock,repairation wound,eschar,skin,skin grafting.grafting.医学课件5第一节第一节 热烧伤热烧伤 (Lesson One Burn)(Lesson One Burn)烧伤的临床过程及病理生理特点烧伤的临床过程及病理生理特点(一)体液渗出期(休克期)(一)体液渗出期(休克期)Acute humoral exadativeAcute humoral exadative stage(shock stage)stage(shock stage)(二)急性感染期(二)急性感染期(Infectious stage)(Infe
9、ctious stage)(三)创面修复期(三)创面修复期(Repairation(Repairation stage)stage)(四)康复期(四)康复期医学课件6临床表现和诊断临床表现和诊断(一)烧伤面积和烧伤深度估计(一)烧伤面积和烧伤深度估计 1.1.面积的估计面积的估计(Estimate of burn area)(Estimate of burn area)(1 1)中国新九分法)中国新九分法(2 2)手掌法)手掌法 2.2.深度的估计深度的估计(Judgemet(Judgemet of burn depth)of burn depth)三度四分法三度四分法(二)烧伤严重程度(二)
10、烧伤严重程度(Degree of burn)(Degree of burn)医学课件7新九分法新九分法部位部位占成人体表占成人体表%占儿童体表占儿童体表%发部发部 头颈头颈 面部面部 颈部颈部33 939+(12_-年龄年龄)双上肢双上肢 双上臂双上臂 双前臂双前臂 双双 手手76 92592驱干驱干 躯干前躯干前 躯干后躯干后 回回 阴阴1313 93193双下肢双下肢 双双 臀臀 双大腿双大腿 双小腿双小腿 双双 足足 521 95+1137 95+1-(12年龄年龄)医学课件8三度四分法三度四分法烧伤程度烧伤程度深度深度病理病理临床表现临床表现愈合过程愈合过程一度一度(红版)(红版)表皮
11、浅层,表皮浅层,生发层健在生发层健在,再生能力,再生能力强强局部血管扩张充局部血管扩张充血渗出血渗出轻度红肿热痛,感觉过敏,表皮轻度红肿热痛,感觉过敏,表皮干燥无水泡,红斑状干燥无水泡,红斑状37日痊愈,日痊愈,短期色素沉着短期色素沉着,无瘢痕,无瘢痕浅二度浅二度(水疱性)(水疱性)表皮生发层表皮生发层,真皮乳头,真皮乳头层层血浆渗出积于表血浆渗出积于表皮和真皮之间皮和真皮之间剧痛,感觉过敏,大小不一的水剧痛,感觉过敏,大小不一的水疱,水疱剥脱可见均匀发红、潮疱,水疱剥脱可见均匀发红、潮湿水肿明显湿水肿明显12周,不留周,不留瘢痕,色素沉瘢痕,色素沉着,多数无瘢着,多数无瘢痕痕深二度深二度真皮
12、有附件真皮有附件残留残留局部组织坏死,局部组织坏死,皮下层渗出明显皮下层渗出明显痛觉迟钝,可有或无水疱,基底痛觉迟钝,可有或无水疱,基底红白相间红白相间34周,瘢痕周,瘢痕愈合愈合三度三度(焦痂)(焦痂)达真皮全层达真皮全层,有时深达,有时深达皮下组织,皮下组织,肌肉和骨骼肌肉和骨骼皮肤坏死,蛋白皮肤坏死,蛋白凝固,形成焦痂凝固,形成焦痂皮肤痛觉消失,无弹性,干燥无皮肤痛觉消失,无弹性,干燥无水疱,皮革样,蜡白,焦黄或炭水疱,皮革样,蜡白,焦黄或炭化,局部温度低,数日后出现树化,局部温度低,数日后出现树枝状血管枝状血管24周后焦痂周后焦痂脱去形成肉牙脱去形成肉牙创面,小则斑创面,小则斑痕愈合,
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