浙江新高考概要写作-同义替换.doc

1、Summary Writing常见的同义替换：1. 动词(词组)：absorb-assimilate 吸收agree partly-agree with reserve 有保留地赞同arouse-ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate 引起；鼓励change-alter 改变consider-take into account 考虑devote to-dedicate to 把奉献于；专注于emphasize-accentuate 强调expect-anticipate 期望；预期explain-interpret/illustrate 解释；说明get into cha

2、os-with chaos ensuing 陷入混乱join-participate 参加；参与lead to-contribute to/ conduce to/result in 导致；产生 结果limit-stress/hinder/hamper 限制阻止；阻碍operate-manipulate 操作；操纵provide-lend-offer 提供；给予publicize-propagandize 宣传；公布sway-vacillate 影响；摇摆，使摇摆think-contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect 思考；考虑；想起thrive-palmy(a.

3、)/flourishing(v./a.)/prosperity(n.)undermine-debilitate 破坏；使衰弱，衰竭use-employ/utilize 使用；利用want-intend to/tend to/be inclined to 希望；倾向于want to-desire 想要2. 形容词/副词：first-primarily 首先(ad.)hardly-merely-barely 几乎不(ad.)hurt-vulnerable 受伤 ；易受攻击 inevitable-indispensable 必然 ；不可缺少 in fact-actually/virtually 事实

4、上；实际上(ad.)key-crucial/vital/consequential 关键 ；重要 large-miraculous/marvelous 大 ；不可思议 (表程度)maybe-probably 也许；大概(ad.)more and more-increasing/growing 越来越多 obvious-conspicuous 明显 ；显著 old-ancient 老 ；古老 proper-apposite 适当 ；合适 persuasive-thorough/sound/specific/convincing 有说服力 true-accurate 正确 ；准确 vague-un

5、warranted/oversimplified 模糊 well-known-outstanding 著名 more often than not = oftenHe more often than not comes here. 3. 名词(词组)：bias-prejudice/discriminate 偏见；歧视big city-metropolis 大都市chance-alternative 机会；选择character-trait/individuality/personality 品质；特性；个性child-juvenile 孩子；青少年clash-conflict/collisio

6、n冲突custom-convention/tradition 传统；习俗delegate-representative 代表detail-specific 细节lawmaking-legislation 立法offspring-descendant 后代；子孙value-merit 价值附：1. purchasing power of incomesMaximize their incomes = increase the purchasing power of incomes 2. property = real estate 3. precision = accuracy4. Thinki

7、ng ability = critical thinking =creative= innovation5. reasoning = logical thought =thought6. popular culture= common culture7. cultural power= assimilating power10. judge = Justice （必考含义）“法官”11. apprehension （必考含义） = worryapprehensiveability 理解能力12. mind = people= individual 13. faith=confidence 信心

8、14. drug= medicine15. dismiss 斥责= rebuke=criticize16. tap 开发 tap the market = explore the market = expand the market18. entail =make= cause19. nature；nurture/ born； made /inherited；acquired/（先天和后天）innate cognitive/intuitive made/born20. attribute= character=trait=merit=feature=virtue 特点；特质 21. compl

9、ementary=auxiliary 22. suits = enable = entail（This job entails a lot of hard work.）24. mechanical = unchanged mechanical learning Dynamic=changeable=variable；varyModify=change25. distinction= fame 26. implication； connotation； suggestion； reference； carry important implications for（短语动词）27. accumul

10、ation = expansion = augmentation28.literally = actually=absolutely 29. initiatives=measures Initiatives =intentionInitiative =activeInitiative=primitive=beginning30.endeavors=efforts31.Doubt= deny= dont believe33. 经济下滑，衰退slowing economy/softening economy/stagnant economy/economic recession/economic

11、decline/economic stagnation （stagnant）/depression/slowdown34.symptoms =negative example35.frames = body36.grasp = understanding37.reshape= remold38.entitle :we are entitled to some privileges./Some privileges are given to us ./Some privileges are conferred on us.4. 其他：although-albeit/notwithstanding

12、 尽管(conj.)because-in that-since-seeing 因为(conj.)but-nonetheless/nevertheless 然而；但是(conj.)through-in term of/via 通过(prep.)to sum-to summarize/in conclusion 总之；最后 表示“地位” ：status, rank 表示“偏见” ：bias, prejudice, discrimination, inequality 表示“组成” 同义表达：constitute, be made from/of, include, consist of 表示“导致

13、” ：result in, cause, lead to 表示“发行”：issue, release, distribute, launch 表示“授予” ：grant, award 表示“结果” ：result, consequent, outcome, turn out to 表示“交易” ：deal, trade, exchange, transaction 表示“能力” ：ability, capability, potential, power 表示“结束” ：fulfill, finish, accomplish, carryout, achieve, complete 表示“语言

14、” ：verbally, language, words, lingual 表示“精确” ：accuracy, precision 表示“以前” ：previous, former, latter, prior to 表示“加强，促进” ：promote, facilitate, enhance, reinforce 表示“前景，未来”：prospect, future, expectation, outlook 表示“顾客” ：customer, client, consumer, guest 表示“暂停、延期” ：suspend, phase back, put off, stop, po

15、stpone, delayed 表示“信息” ：information, message, data, figure, statistics 表示“公司” ：enterprise, firm, company, corporation 表示“故意” ：deliberately, intentionally, purposely, on/in purpose 表示“冷漠” ：indifferent, neutral, carefree, detached(超然 ) 表示“抱怨” ：complain, moan, groan 表示“吸引” ：appeal, attract, fascinate,

16、tempt, absorb 表示“赶上” ：catch up with, keep up with 表示“对手” ：rival, equal, comparative, competitor, opponent, adversary, enemy 表示“谨慎” ：prudent, cautious表示“有利” ：be beneficial to, be useful toSkills:同义替换法/词性转换法/语态改变法/句式转换法/压缩长句法分析：Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin, north

17、east Chinas Heilongjiang Province. As a result, the owner of the restaurant faced a fine of 500,000 yuan. Chen Yan, a tourist from Changzhou, east Chinas Jiangsu Province, complained online on February 12 that he was being overcharged 10,000 yuan for three big fish at a local wild fish restaurant in

18、 Songbei District of Harbin. Worse still, he claimed that his family members were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff when he questioned the bill at the checkout. Chens complaint immediately spread on Chinas social media. The investigation results by some local government departments showe

19、d that the restaurant had no fault, since they had already tagged the price, which raised doubt among netizens again. Further investigation showed that one type of the fish served, Huso, was not the real wild species, but a kind of farmed fish at a much lower price. Since the prices of the fish did

20、have violated the rights of consumers, the restaurant got its due punishment. Meanwhile, relevant government departments that have stood by the side of the restaurant in the first place would also be investigated and punished. Similar cases of fraudulent pricing at scenic spots have also been report

21、ed elsewhere in China. In October 2015, for instance, a tourist was overcharged for a course of shrimp in the coastal city of Qingdao, east Chinas Shandong Province, when the restaurant claimed the quoted price of 38 yuan was not for the dish, but for each shrimp! Authorities say that these illegal

22、actions will be severely punished. Your Answer: _1.Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin and faced a heavy fine. _.2. Chen Yan complained he was being overcharged and were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff. Chens complaint immediately spread on Chinas social

23、 media. _.3.The restaurant got its due punishment and relevant government departments would also be investigated and punished. _4.Similar cases have also been reported elsewhere and authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished. _Summary Writing常见的同义替换：1. 动词(词组)：absorb-assimil

24、ate 吸收agree partly-agree with reserve 有保留地赞同arouse-ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate 引起；鼓励change-alter 改变consider-take into account 考虑devote to-dedicate to 把奉献于；专注于emphasize-accentuate 强调expect-anticipate 期望；预期explain-interpret/illustrate 解释；说明get into chaos-with chaos ensuing 陷入混乱join-participate 参加；参

25、与lead to-contribute to/ conduce to/result in 导致；产生 结果limit-stress/hinder/hamper 限制阻止；阻碍operate-manipulate 操作；操纵provide-lend-offer 提供；给予publicize-propagandize 宣传；公布sway-vacillate 影响；摇摆，使摇摆think-contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect 思考；考虑；想起thrive-palmy(a.)/flourishing(v./a.)/prosperity(n.)undermine-sa

26、p/enervate/debilitate 破坏；使衰弱，衰竭use-employ/utilize 使用；利用want-intend to/tend to/be inclined to 希望；倾向于want to-desire 想要2. 形容词/副词：first-primarily 首先(ad.)hardly-merely-barely 几乎不(ad.)hurt-vulnerable 受伤 ；易受攻击 inevitable-indispensable 必然 ；不可缺少 in fact-actually/virtually 事实上；实际上(ad.)key-crucial/vital/conseq

27、uential 关键 ；重要 large-miraculous/marvelous 大 ；不可思议 (表程度)maybe-probably 也许；大概(ad.)more and more-increasing/growing 越来越多 obvious-conspicuous 明显 ；显著 old-ancient 老 ；古老 proper-apposite 适当 ；合适 persuasive-thorough/sound/specific/convincing 有说服力 true-accurate 正确 ；准确 vague-unwarranted/oversimplified 模糊 well-k

28、nown-outstanding 著名 more often than not = oftenHe more often than not comes here. 3. 名词(词组)：bias-prejudice/discriminate 偏见；歧视big city-metropolis 大都市chance-alternative 机会；选择character-trait/individuality/personality 品质；特性；个性child-juvenile 孩子；青少年clash-conflict/collision冲突custom-convention/tradition 传统；

29、习俗delegate-representative 代表detail-specific 细节lawmaking-legislation 立法offspring-descendant 后代；子孙value-merit 价值附：1. purchasing power of incomesMaximize their incomes = increase the purchasing power of incomes 4. property = real estate 5. precision = accuracy4. Thinking ability = critical thinking =cr

30、eative= innovation5. reasoning = logical thought =thought6. popular culture= common culture7. cultural power= assimilating power10. judge = Justice （必考含义）“法官”11. apprehension （必考含义） = worryapprehensiveability 理解能力12. mind = people= individual 13. faith=confidence 信心14. drug= medicine15. dismiss 斥责=

31、rebuke=criticize16. tap 开发 tap the market = explore the market = expand the market18. entail =make= cause19. nature；nurture/ born； made /inherited；acquired/（先天和后天）innate cognitive/intuitive made/born20. attribute= character=trait=merit=feature=virtue 特点；特质 21. complementary=auxiliary 22. suits = ena

32、ble = entail（This job entails a lot of hard work.）24. mechanical = unchanged mechanical learning Dynamic=changeable=variable；varyModify=change26. distinction= fame 26. implication； connotation； suggestion； reference； carry important implications for（短语动词）27. accumulation = expansion = augmentation28

33、.literally = actually=absolutely 29. initiatives=measures Initiatives =intentionInitiative =activeInitiative=primitive=beginning30.endeavors=efforts31.Doubt= deny= dont believe33. 经济下滑，衰退slowing economy/softening economy/stagnant economy/economic recession/economic decline/economic stagnation （stagn

34、ant）/depression/slowdown34.symptoms =negative example35.frames = body36.grasp = understanding37.reshape= remold38.entitle :we are entitled to some privileges./Some privileges are given to us ./Some privileges are conferred on us.4. 其他：although-albeit/notwithstanding 尽管(conj.)because-in that-since-se

35、eing 因为(conj.)but-nonetheless/nevertheless 然而；但是(conj.)through-in term of/via 通过(prep.)to sum-to summarize/in conclusion 总之；最后 表示“地位” ：status, rank 表示“偏见” ：bias, prejudice, discrimination, inequality 表示“组成” 同义表达：constitute, be made from/of, include, consist of 表示“导致” ：result in, cause, lead to 表示“发行

36、”：issue, release, distribute, launch 表示“授予” ：grant, award 表示“结果” ：result, consequent, outcome, turn out to 表示“交易” ：deal, trade, exchange, transaction 表示“能力” ：ability, capability, potential, power 表示“结束” ：fulfill, finish, accomplish, carryout, achieve, complete 表示“语言” ：verbally, language, words, ling

37、ual 表示“精确” ：accuracy, precision 表示“以前” ：previous, former, latter, prior to 表示“加强，促进” ：promote, facilitate, enhance, reinforce 表示“前景，未来”：prospect, future, expectation, outlook 表示“顾客” ：customer, client, consumer, guest 表示“暂停、延期” ：suspend, phase back, put off, stop, postpone, delayed 表示“信息” ：informatio

38、n, message, data, figure, statistics 表示“公司” ：enterprise, firm, company, corporation 表示“故意” ：deliberately, intentionally, purposely, on/in purpose 表示“冷漠” ：indifferent, neutral, carefree, detached(超然 ) 表示“抱怨” ：complain, moan, groan 表示“吸引” ：appeal, attract, fascinate, tempt, absorb 表示“赶上” ：catch up wit

39、h, keep up with 表示“对手” ：rival, equal, comparative, competitor, opponent, adversary, enemy 表示“谨慎” ：prudent, cautious表示“有利” ：be beneficial to, be useful toSkills:同义替换法/词性转换法/语态改变法/句式转换法/压缩长句法分析：Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin, northeast Chinas Heilongjiang Province.

40、 As a result, the owner of the restaurant faced a fine of 500,000 yuan. Chen Yan, a tourist from Changzhou, east Chinas Jiangsu Province, complained online on February 12 that he was being overcharged 10,000 yuan for three big fish at a local wild fish restaurant in Songbei District of Harbin. Worse

41、 still, he claimed that his family members were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff when he questioned the bill at the checkout. Chens complaint immediately spread on Chinas social media. The investigation results by some local government departments showed that the restaurant had no fault

42、, since they had already tagged the price, which raised doubt among netizens again. Further investigation showed that one type of the fish served, Huso, was not the real wild species, but a kind of farmed fish at a much lower price. Since the prices of the fish did have violated the rights of consum

43、ers, the restaurant got its due punishment. Meanwhile, relevant government departments that have stood by the side of the restaurant in the first place would also be investigated and punished. Similar cases of fraudulent pricing at scenic spots have also been reported elsewhere in China. In October

44、2015, for instance, a tourist was overcharged for a course of shrimp in the coastal city of Qingdao, east Chinas Shandong Province, when the restaurant claimed the quoted price of 38 yuan was not for the dish, but for each shrimp! Authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished. 练习：1.R