新概念第一册知识点总结.doc

1、名词名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单复数变化。不可数名词没有。可数名词单数变复数规则：1)单数名词加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers.2)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses, boxes, brushes, matches.3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es: cities, babies, enemies.4)以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es: wives, knives.但有些词只加s: roofs, proof s, chiefs.5)以o结尾的名词，有些加es: Negro

2、es, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.其它加s: radio s, zoos, pianos, photos.6)不规则名词：footfeet, goosegeese, toothteeth, childchildren, manme n, womanwomen, sheepsheep, deerdeer, mousemice. 代词第 一 人 称第 二 人称,第 三 人 称单数复数单数复数,单 数复数人称代词主 格 I we you you he she it。 they宾 格 me us you you him her itthem物主代】词形容词性 my our

3、your your his her itstheir名词性mineours.yoursyours his hersitstheirsI. 人称代词:人称代词又分为主格和宾格形式.主格通常做主语。宾格通常做动词或介词的宾语. Eg: a. Im a nurse.b. Could you help me ）II. 物主代词又分为形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词.形容词性的物主代词:相当于形容词,后面要跟名词,指定名词的所属对象. 名词性的物主代词:相当于一个名词,必须单独使用，后面不能再跟名词.Eg: a. Your school is small, mine is big.(=my book

4、)b. This is not your pen. Yours is on the desk.(=your pen)时态【一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，

5、如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。：My father is a doctor.Tom isnt at home.Are they policemenI often get up at 7 oclock every morning.He doesnt like apples.Do you always read before going to bedWhat do you usually do on Sundays一般现在时句中，如果主语是第三人称时，动词要变第三人称单数，变化规则如下： 1)一般情况下，动词后面直接加-s.例如： worksgetssaysreads 2

6、)以s，x，ch，sh或o结尾的动词，在后面加-es。例如： goesteacheswashes 3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加-es.例如： studiestriescarries 特殊情况：动词have的第三人称单数是has。例如： Hehasaninterestingbook.二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age

7、of 5, the other day, long long ago, once upon a time, .基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。!一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。I was at my mothers last week.Once upon a time, there was a beautiful girl whose name was Snow White.Lucy went to America five months ago.I didnt

8、 go to the cinema last night.Did Lily dance at the partyWhat did you do yesterday%动词的过去式变化：be动词：am/is-was are-were规则动词：1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopp

9、ed, triptripped4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried!不规则动词：Have-had eat-ate drink-drank go-went come-came see-saw hear-heard put-put cut-cut 等等三、现在进行时：概念：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now, at this time, these days, 基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+do

10、ing.arisen出现bewas, werebeen是beatbeatbeaten击败becomebecamebecome成为beginbeganbegun开始bendbentbent弯曲betbetbet打赌bitebitbitten，咬bleedbledbled流血blowblew!blown打击breakbrokebroken打破bring？broughtbrought带来broadcastbroadcastbroadcast广播buildbuiltbuilt建设burnburnt, burnedburnt, burned；燃烧burstburstburst爆裂buybought$bo

11、ught购买cancould -可以catch(caughtcaught捕捉choosechosechosen选择:comecamecome来costcostcost-花费cutcutcut切dealdealtdealt/处理digdugdug挖dodid*done做drawdrewdrawn画dream】dreamt, dreameddreamt, dreamed梦想drinkdrankdrunk喝！drivedrovedriven开车eatateeaten）吃fallfellfallen下降feedfedfed饲养feelfeltfelt感觉fight：foughtfought战斗find

12、foundfound发现！flyflewflown飞foreseeforesawforeseen)预见forgetforgotforgotten忘记forgiveforgaveforgiven（原谅freezefrozefrozen冻结getgot)got获得givegavegiven给gowentgone去growgrewgrown增长%hanghung ,hangedhung, hanged挂have, hashadhad有hearheardheard听hidehid?hidden隐藏hithithit击中holdheldheld举行hurthurthurt伤害keepkeptkept保持

13、knowknewknown$知道laylaidlaid躺在leadledled：领导learnlearnt, learnedlearnt, learned学习leaveleftleft离开lendlentlent借出letletlet让lielaylain撒谎,lightlit, lightedlit, lighted照亮loselostlost?失去makemademade使maymight -可能meanmeantmeant意思meet￥metmet见面misreadmisreadmisread误解mistakemistookmistaken错误misunderstandmisunders

14、toodmisunderstood误会mustmust -必须paypaidpaid,付putputput放readreadread读ridrid, riddedrid, ridded摆脱ride、roderidden骑ringrangrung响！riseroserisen上升runranrun|跑saysaidsaid说seesaw；seen看seeksoughtsought寻求sellsoldsold出售sendsentsent发送setsetset放置shakeshookshaken（摇动shallshould -将shineshone, shinedshone, shined*闪耀sh

15、owshowedshowed, shown显示shutshutshut关闭singsangsung唱sink￥sank, sunksunk, sunken下沉sitsatsat坐、sleepsleptslept睡觉smellsmelt, smelledsmelt, smelled闻sowsowedsown, sowed播种speakspoke、spoken发言spellspelt, spelledspelt, spelled拼写spellbind【spellboundspellbound迷惑spendspentspent花spillspiltspilt洒spinspunspun旋转spitsp

16、atspat吐spoilspoiltspoilt溺爱spreadspreadspread蔓延standstoodstood站stealstolestolen窃取stickstuckstuck粘贴strikestruckstruck, stricken打击swellswelledswollen膨胀sweepsweptswept扫swimswamswum游泳swingswungswung摆动taketooktaken带走teachtaughttaught教telltoldtold告诉thinkthoughtthought认为throwthrewthrown扔understandunderstoodunderstood明白upsetupsetupset打乱wakewaked，wokewaked，woken，woke醒来wearworeworn穿weavewovewoven编织willwould -将winwon