最新高二英语阅读理解(社会文化)专项训练100(附答案)及解析.doc

1、最新高二英语阅读理解(社会文化)专项训练100(附答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解 There are lots of ways to educate yourself on the Internet. You can find photos, documents, and films on almost any topic you can imagine. And at , you can access lectures by artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others. TED began in 1984 a

2、s a conference that brought together individuals from the fields of technology, entertainment and design. It was intended to be a one-time event focusing on technology and design. The event ended up losing money, and it was six years before the founders tried it again. This time it worked, and since

3、 1990, the TED conference has been an annual event. There are now two held every year, with topics as diverse as music, medicine, and money. Other specialized spin-off conferences address narrower issues. The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to offer free knowl

4、edge from the worlds most inspired thinkers, as the website puts it. The current version of the site was launched in April 2007, and contains videos of talks given at the TED conferences around the world. The talks are transcribed into hundreds of languages. The TED website is owned by the Sapling F

5、oundation, a non profit devoted to fostering the spread of great ideas. The Sapling foundation acquired TED in 2001. Since then, it has been focusing on using TED to broadcast ideas that might change the world. TED, of course, isnt immune to criticism. Its been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket

6、 prices (more than 6,000 dollars total). Its been accused by a few people of censorship for not publishing their talks. One controversial speaker was upset about being criticized by the conferences host afterward. The complaints, however, seem to be relatively few for such a large, long-running orga

7、nization. And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TEDs website. Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out.（1）What is the main topic of the article? A.The case against TEDB.Whats on TED today.C.Pros and cons of

8、.D.What is TED（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.The TED conference came after the success of .B.Two TED conferences are now held every year.C.TED talks are available in many languages.D.The Sapling Foundation owns .（3）From the last two paragraphs, we can infer that _. A.it is accep

9、ted to all involved that some TED talks might not be publishedB.the host of the conference is one who plays a supportive role to the speakersC.TED is criticized for giving special treatment to the wealthy or powerfulD.the negative comments on TED greatly affects its reputation（4）This author probably

10、 believes that_. A.TED is elitistB.TED is beneficialC.TED isnt importantD.TED is the best website【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了TED以及它的历史发展。 （1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“And at , you can access lectures by artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others.”在，你可以访问艺术家、学者、设计师、技术人员和其他人的演讲。以及以下几个段落的内

11、容，可知这篇文章的主题是“TED是什么”，故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to offer free knowledge from the worlds most inspired thinkers, as the website puts it.”TED网站源于一种与世界分享会议的愿望，用网站的话说，就是“向世界上最有灵感的思想家们提供免费的知识”。可知，“TED大会是在网站成功之后召开的”这种表述错误，故选A。 （3）考查推理

12、判断。根据倒数第二段中的“TED, of course, isnt immune to criticism. Its been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket prices.”当然，TED也免不了受到批评。它因其高昂的票价被称为精英主义；以及最后一段中的“And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TEDs website.”而当这么多东西在泰德的网站上免费赠送时，精英主义的指责就显得空洞了。可推断出，TED因给予富人或有权势的人特殊待遇

13、而受到批评，故选C。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out.”不管它的缺点是什么，TED都是那些寻找它的人鼓舞人心的信息来源。可推断出，这位作者可能认为TED是有益的，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 At one time or an

14、other in your life you have probably done origami, even if it was just making a paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a si

15、ngle square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting. But did you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering? Equipment that could be of real practical use? Origami meets the demand for things that need to be small when transported an

16、d large when they arrive, like the everyday umbrella. In fact, origami-inspired creations have already flown in space; in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map. Its now mathematically proven that you can pretty much fold anything, says physicist Rober

17、t J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full time. Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes according to

18、 plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field. At the other end of the scale, researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. Theres no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors

19、for faster processing and better memory. Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine. Some day, says MITs Erik Demaine, well build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers. Too much like science fiction t

20、o be true? Maybethough you certainly wouldnt want to bet against it.（1）What do we know about origami? A.It consumes lots of time.B.It involves interesting ideas.C.It requires complex techniques.D.It has to do with cutting and pasting.（2）Which of the following is an application of origami? A.A space

21、telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.B.A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.C.An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.D.A future computer contains many huge folded motors.（3）What is Erik Demaines attitude towards origami engineering? A.Hopefu

22、lB.Doubtful.C.Disapproving.D.Ambiguous.（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A.Entertainment.B.Culture.C.Education.D.Pop-science.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。折纸工程将在很大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The chances

23、 are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.”可知，折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，由此推

24、测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us migh

25、t imagine”可知Erik Demaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，由此可推测Erik Demaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.”；第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to

26、fold an airbag into a dashboard.”； 第四段中的“Theres no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. ”和第五段中的“Some day, says MITs Erik Demaine, well build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing int

27、o another, like Transformers.”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 It is commonly believed that the earliest Chinese paper-cutsappeared during the sixth century. Some scholars believe it was even

28、 earlier.Legend has it that during the Western Han Dynasty(206BC-AD24), Emperor Wudi wasvery sad after one of his favorite concubines, Madame Li, died. A Taoistpriest, Li Shaoweng, cut a piece of hemp paper in the shape of Madame Li. Whenevening fell, the emperors servants lit candles in his bedroom

29、; the reflectionof that paper-cut on the wall made the emperor think about his belovedconcubine. The Yuxian paper-cut is different from most paper-cutsproduced in other regions of China. Paper-cuts from other regions are mostlycut with scissors or knives from single-colored paper, such as red or bla

30、ckpaper. There are four major procedures to making the Yuxianpaper-cut: First, sketch the pattern on the draft paper; second, fasten thedraft to the paper to be cut; third, use a knife to carve out the pattern; andfourth, dye (染色)the paper-cut with various colors. Precise cutting skills are needed t

31、o make a piece of theYuxian paper-cut, which highlights the craft makers artistic taste and dyeingskills. That explains the following saying: The successful making of aYuxian paper-cut is 30 percent dependent on the makers cutting skills, and 70percent on the makers dyeing skills. The traditional Yu

32、xian paper-cut highlights two themes:flowers and characters in Chinese operas. The paper-cut is particularly knownfor its vivid description of characters in various traditional Chinese operas.In October 2009, the art of Yuxians paper-cut was added to the list ofIntangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产)

33、 established by UNESCO (United NationsEducational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization).（1）The first paragraph is actually about_. A.Emperor Wudis favorite concubineB.the origins of Chinese paper-cutsC.the inventor of Chinese paper-cutD.one of the themes of Yuxian paper-cut（2）Which is the most imp

34、ortant skill of making paper-cut? A.Drawing skill.B.Cutting skill.C.Dyeing skill.D.Carving skill（3）According to the passage, the Yuxian paper-cut is especially famous for its_. A.lively images of characters in classic operasB.traditional Chinese operasC.Chinese cultural influence on operasD.advanced

35、 cutting techniques（4）What is the best title for the passage? A.The Earliest Chinese LegendB.The Yuxian Paper-cut SkillsC.Emperor Wudis Sad StoryD.Chinese Yuxian Paper-cut【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国蔚县剪纸。（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段可知，介绍了中国剪纸的起源。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The successful making of a Yux

36、ian paper-cut is 30 percent dependent on the makers cutting skills, and 70 percent on the makers dyeing skills.”蔚县剪纸的成功制作30 %取决于制作人的切割技巧，70 %取决于制作人的染色技巧。可知染色技巧对于剪纸最重要。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The paper-cut is particularly known for its vivid description of characters in various traditional Chinese oper

37、as”剪纸以其对各种传统戏曲中人物的生动描述而闻名。可知，选A。（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了蔚县剪纸有四个主要步骤。制作蔚县剪纸需要精确的切割技巧，这突出了手工艺者的艺术品味和染色技巧。传统蔚县剪纸突出了两个主题:中国戏曲中的花和人物。这些都是围绕着“中国蔚县剪纸”这个主题展开的。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by

38、 an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War. It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big s

39、ymphony orchestras(交响乐团). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly. At the same time, the Fringe appeared as a challenge(挑战) to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, an

40、d they did so in a public house disused for years. Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little - known writers of pl

41、ays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh. Today the Fringe, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it

42、was getting too big. A paid administrator(行政人员) was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countrie

43、s. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.（1）What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning? A.To bring Europe together again.B.To honor heroes of World War II.C.To introduce young theatre groups.D.To attract great artists from Europe.（2）Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to E

44、dinburgh in 1947? A.They owned a public house there.B.They came to take up a challenge.C.They thought they were also famous.D.They wanted to take part in the festival.（3）What does the Fringe mean in the third paragraph? A.unpopular groupsB.non-official groupsC.foreign groupsD.local groups（4）We may l

45、earn from the text that Edinburgh Festival . A.has become a non-official eventB.has gone beyond an art festivalC.gives shows all year roundD.keeps growing rapidly【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了爱丁堡音乐节形成和发展，包括对创设目的，参与群体，发展规模等方面进行了简要而准确的叙述，回顾了爱丁堡音乐节的发展历程。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The idea was to re

46、unite Europe after the Second World War.”可知，这个Edinburgh Festival是为了在二战后重新团结欧洲。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 “Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform,” 可知这些队伍认为每个人都有表演的权力，所以他们想要参加节日。故选D。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“At the same time, the Fringe appeared as a challenge(挑战) to the official festival. ”可知Fringe 与official是相对的；再根据“Eight theatre groups turned up？”以及第四段中的“Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinb