(英语)英语定语从句专项训练及答案含解析.doc

1、（英语）英语定语从句专项训练及答案含解析一、定语从句1（河南省2015年中考英语试题）Why dont you like fishing? Fishing is a hobby needs much patience, but Im not patient at all.AwhoBthatCitDwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：你为什么不喜欢钓鱼？钓鱼的爱好需要很大的耐心，但我根本没有耐心。考查定语从句的用法。who谁；that那；it它；what什么。先行词a hobby是物，在定语从句中作主语， 可知用关系代词that或which引导此定语从句，结合选项可知选B。2This is

2、the dictionary _ Mum gave me for my birthday.AwhichBwhatCwhoseDwhom【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句，先行词是为物时用which；what不能引导定语从句；先行词指人时用who；当先行词为物主代词时用whose。本题先行词为dictionary，字典是物，所以用关系词which。故选A。3The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister.Awho is singingBis singingCsangDwas si

3、nging【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。这里使用了定语从句，先行词是the girl，定语从句中缺少主语，用who或that引导定语从句，故选A。4All the children like the teachers _ can understand them.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhose【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：所有的孩子都喜欢能理解他们的老师。本句是一个定语从句，先行词teachers是人，而且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导此定语从句，故选C。5This is the most beautiful pictu

4、re _ I have ever seen.AthatBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】A【解析】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如：Have you set down

5、everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2.

6、当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如：Wang Hua is the only person

7、 in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用t

8、hat代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions.6I will never forget the fire _ happened in Shanghai last year.AwhenBwhereCwhatDwhich【答案】D【解析】【分析】考点：考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，

9、故选D。7What are you looking for?Im looking for the storybook you lent to me last week.AwhoBwhichCwhen【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。【点睛】做定语从句时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要

10、看从句中做何种成分，从而做出正确的判断。8Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. AwhichBwhatCwho【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家，他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是物；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. who关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，根据 educationalis指人，所以用who，故选C。9“What are you doing?” “We are talki

11、ng about the books and writers _ we like.”AthatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：“你们在做什么？我们在谈论我们喜欢的书籍和作家。”。考查定语从句的引导词用法。本句的定语从句的先行词是book书和writer人，所以关系代词用that，故选A。【点睛】定语从句中用that不用which的情况有：1）当先行词是all, everything, something, nothing, anything等不定代词时；2）当先行词前面有序数词或者形容词最高级作定语修饰时；3）先行词既有人也有物时；4）当先行词前面有the ver

12、y，the only修饰时。10You Raise Me Up is a song _ brings me much courage in the face of challenges.AwhoBwhenCwhichDwhere【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你鼓舞了我是一首歌，它带给我面对挑战的勇气。A. who定语从句关系词，先行词是人； B. when定语从句关系词；做时间状语；C. which定语从句关系词，先行词是物；D. where定语从句关系词，做地点状语。a song 是物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选B。11Most students like the teachers

13、 understand them well.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhen【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：绝大多数的学生都喜欢能够很好理解他们的老师。分析：考查定语从句的用法，先行词是the teacher,先行词在从句中作主语，因此引导词用who.故选 B考点：考查定语从句的用法。12We will never forget the firemen_lost their lives in the forest fire in April 2019 in Liangshan, Sichuan.AthatBwhichCwhereDwhen【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们将永远不

14、会忘记那些在2019年4月四川凉山森林大火中丧生的消防员们。根据句子结构可知，该空所填的连词引导的是定语从句，修饰空前的名词the firemen。分析定语从句的结构可知，从句中缺少主语，应填关系代词，先排除C和D两个关系副词。which应用于先行词是物的时候，此处是人，故排除B。that引导定语从句时，先行词可以为人，也可以为物。故选A。13Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place _ well visit next week.AthatBwhoCwhereDwhom【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：阳新的仙岛湖是我们下周要参观的著名的地方。本句

15、考查定语从句，先行词是place，从句意来看，其在定语从句中作visit的宾语，指事物，因此关系词用that。故选A。考点：考查定语从句。14一WhichsongdoyoulikebetterMaria？一IpreferthesongManualofYouth_issungbyTFBOYSAwhoBwhomCwhichD/【答案】C【解析】【详解】C 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：Maria，你更喜欢哪首歌？ 我喜欢TFBOYS唱的青春修炼手册。分析句子结构，本句中的 is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句，其中先行词 the song Manual of Youth 指物，且在

16、定语从句中作逻辑主语，所以关系代词用which 故选C【点睛】完成定于从句的关键是分析先行词指人还是指物，以及其在定语从句中做什么句子成分15Everyone _ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.AwhyBwhoseCwhoDwhich【答案】C【解析】【分析】【考点定位】：考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析：句意：去过上海的每个人都说它是一个现代化的城市。why为什么；whose谁的；who谁，可以引导定语从句，主语是人；which哪一个，可以引导定语从句，先行词指物。根据句意可知，这里考查的是定语从句，先行词是Everyone，指代人

17、，根据句意可知选C。16Yu Guangzhong is a famous writer and poet_ wrote the well-known poem Nostalgia （乡愁） and passed away on December 14th, 2017.AwhoBwhichCwhatDwhose【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：余光中是一位著名的作家和诗人，曾写过著名的乡愁，于2017年12月14日去世。考查定语从句。A. who谁；B. which哪一个；C. what什么；D. whose谁的；由题干可知本题考查定语从句，先行词指的是人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who来引

18、导；故答案选A。17-Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? -The man _ T-shirt is red.AthatBwhoCwhichDwhose【答案】D【解析】【分析】考点：考查连词辨析。【详解】试题分析：句意：李华，哪个是你的新邻居？T恤是红色的那个男士。男士的T恤，表示所有关系，用关系词whose，故选D。18 Is there anything to you ?A that is belong B that belongC that belongs D which belongs【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：这还有属于你的东西吗？此题考

19、查定语从句，因为是anything是不定代词，故用that,和固定短语belong to属于。belong是个动词，不能和is连用。还有that作主语，应按第三人称单数处理。根据句意，故选C。【考点定位】考查定语从句的用法。19What happened over there?.Some people rushed over to help the man _ car had broken down.AwhomBwhereCwhichDwhose【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：那边发生了什么事？一些人冲过去帮助那个车坏了的人。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查定语从句的用法，先行词the man在

20、定语从句中作的是定语，所以关系词用whose，故选D。考点：考查定语从句的用法20 What kind of musicians do you like? I like musicians can write their own lyrics.A which B who C whom【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：-你喜欢哪类音乐人？我喜欢那种能自己写词的音乐人。指人，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导定语从句，故选B。考点：考查代词的用法。21What do you think of the program Sing My Song on CCTV?-Its a good chan

21、ce to those musicians _write their own songs.AwhoBwhomCwhichD/【答案】A【解析】试题分析：你认为中央电视台的节目“中国好歌曲”怎么样？这是给那些自己写歌曲的音乐家们的一个好机会。先行词指人，引导词在定语语从句中做主语，故引导词用who。故选A。22Tommy couldnt stop thinking about the boy _ made him a fool in front of the whole class.AwhomBwhichCwho【答案】C【解析】句意：Tommy不禁想起了那个使他在全班面前出丑的那个男孩。此处的

22、定语从句，修饰先行词the boy，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故用who，故选C。23Have you seen the watch my uncle gave me as my birthday present last year?Sorry, I havent.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhen【答案】B【解析】句意：你看过我叔叔去年作为我的生日礼物送给我的手表吗？对不起，我没有。此句是定语从句，先行词是watch，指物，引导词为which/that，故答案为B。24-Why are you so worried?-Ive lost the watch _ my uncle bou

23、ght me yesterday.AwhomBwhoCwhoseDwhich【答案】D【解析】句意：你为什么这么担心？昨天我把叔叔给我买的手表丢了。此句考查定语从句的关联词，先行词watch指物，关联词要用that/which，故答案为D。点睛：关系代词引导的定语从句。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr. Liu is the person

24、 （whom） you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。This is the pen （which） he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。25Do you like playing basketball?No，I dont.The only ball game_ I like is pingpong.AwhichBthat

25、CwhatDwhy【答案】B【解析】句意：你喜欢打篮球吗？不，我不喜欢。我喜欢的唯一球类比赛是乒乓球。which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语或宾语。先行词是不定代词或有不定代词修饰时，用that引导定语从句。what引导名词性从句，作主语或宾语；why引导定语从句，修饰表示原因的先行词。此处的先行词有不定代词the only修饰，故后面的定语从句用that引导，故选B。26The movie _ we saw last night was fantastic.AwhichBwhyCwho【答案】A【解析】句意：我们昨晚看的电影是很好。A. which在定语从句作宾语、主语。指物或事情；B.

26、Why在定语从句中做状语，先行词是reason；C. who在定语从句中作主语或宾语。指人。考查定语从句，先行词movie是指物的，关系词在定语从句中作saw的宾语。所以用which，故选A。27The pen _ you are looking for is under the desk.AwhoBwhoseCthat【答案】C【解析】句意：你正在找的那支钢笔在桌子下面。考查定语从句。三个选项都可引导定语从句：who的先行词是人；whose的先行词是物，表所属；that的先行词是人或物。先行词the pen是物，且在从句中做宾语，需用that引导；根据句意结构，可知选C。28It is ha

27、rd to imagine a student _doesnt know how to skate in Harbin.AwhomBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】D【解析】句意：很难想象一个在哈尔滨不知道怎么滑冰的学生。定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的选择，首先确定先行词，其次看先行词在定语从句中作的句子成分。此句先行词a student为人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who.故答案为D.点睛：定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择，首先判断先行词在定语从句作的句子成分。然后看先行词为人还是物。其次根据先行词在定语从句中作的句子成分选择适当的关系代词与关系副词。如此句中此句先行词a st

28、udent为人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who.29Tom, could you lend me the book _ you talked about yesterday?Sure, here you are.AwhichBwhatCwho【答案】A【解析】句意：- 汤姆，你能借给我你昨天谈到的那本书吗？-当然了，给你。A.哪个B.什么C.谁，本题考查定语从句的关系代词，you talked about yesterday 部分使用来修饰“book”的，描述这本书是“你昨天谈到的”那本书，所以是book的定语从句，先行词book在定语从句中做宾语（做talk about的宾语），故选用关系代词that/which，故选A。30 Running man is a very relaxing TV program_is hot among the young people.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【分析】【点评】定语从句要注意先行词是人还是物，从而选出合适的关系代词【详解】试题分析：定语从句中先行词为物，关系代词用that或whichwhat不引导定语从句，who/whom的先行词是人；根据 a very relaxing TV program可知，先行词是物，故选B