(英语)英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析.doc

1、（英语）英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Notre-Dame, the cathedral (大教堂) that serves as one of Pariss most beloved monuments, is on fire. According to The New York Times, the fire began around 6: 30 p.m. local time, when tourists urgently rushed out of the building. While Andre Finot, a spokesman for the ca

2、thedral, told The Times, that the cause of the fire is still unknown and that no one has been hurt while damage to the building appears catastrophic（灾难性的）. CNN reports that over 400 firefighters have been sent to fight the fire, but that they may be unable to save the cathedral. Built in the 12th ce

3、ntury, Notre-Dame houses several relics important to Catholics (天主教徒). NBC News reports that relics from Saint Genevieve and Saint Denis may been lost, together with a relic believed to be from Jesus Christs crown of thorns, but it states that authorities now believe that the cathedral has been save

4、d from “total destruction”. Notre-Dame is visited by a reported 30, 000 people a day and 13 million people per year. Its destruction represents a global cultural loss. This is just horrible, Mohamed Megdoul, 33, a film producer and witness to the fire told The Times, speaking through tears. A thousa

5、nd years of history is being wiped away. This belonged to the whole world, and now its disappearing. French President Emmanuel Macron expressed his sadness on Twitter. Notre-Dame of Paris in flames, reads an English translation of his statement. Emotion for a whole nation. Thoughts for all Catholics

6、 and for all the French. Like all our countrymen, Im sad together to see this part of us burn. Other politicians, including Melanis Trump, London Mayor Sadiq Khan, U. K. Prime Minister Theresa May also shared their sadness on Twitter.（1）What do we know about Notre-Dame according to the passage? A.It

7、 has been completely destroyed by the fire.B.Its a huge political loss to the world.C.Its only meaningful to Catholics.D.The reason of the fire remained to be found out.（2）What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph imply? A.The history of France is destroyed because of the fire.B.The l

8、oss the fire caused is huge.C.The damage of Notre-Dame is being wiped off.D.The cathedral has been saved from total destruction.（3）Whats the purpose of writing the passage? A.To report a disaster of Notre-Dame.B.To express peoples sadness of the destruction.C.To emphasize the value of Notre-Dame.D.T

9、o show the concerns from the worldwide.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“While Andre Finot, a spokesman for the cathedral, told The Times, that the cause of the fire is still unknown and that no one has been hurt while damage to the building appears cata

10、strophic（灾难性的）”这起火灾的原因还不得而知,对建筑的破坏是灾难性的，并没有说建筑被完全破坏了。故选D。 （2）考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的“ Its destruction represents a global cultural loss A thousand years of history is being wiped away. ”可知,它的毁灭代表了全球文化的损失。Mohamed Megdoul说道：这很糟糕，一千年的历史就这样被破坏殆尽。wipe away“擦掉，破坏殆尽”。由此判断出这就话显示了火灾造成的损失是巨大的。故选B。 （3）考查写作意图。纵观全文可知，本文是

11、一篇新闻报道，文章报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。因此本文的目的在于报导巴黎圣母院遭遇的巨大灾难。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where shes been while shes on he

12、r worldwide vacation in a special way. The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life. To spread that me

13、ssage. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag (地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a picture. Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling ove

14、r the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the beautiful Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river ride in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg. I get a new leg every two years

15、and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board, Gallagher said. My mum and grandmother didnt like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did. Gallagher said people often stare when shes writing on her leg, but once she sha

16、res the photos, she receives only positive feedback (反馈), My leg hasnt stopped me from doing anything Ive wanted to do, she said. I dont know if its my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, anyway, Ive been able to keep up with people at my age and lead a pretty great life. Gallagher sh

17、ows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.（1）What message did Gallapher want to spread in her special way? A.She enjoys her travelling across the globe.B.She suffers little from her legs amputation.C.she looks on her

18、misfortune as another form of blessing.D.She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.（2）What does the word which underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A.the continentB.the picturesC.the legD.the location（3）Gallapher can best be described as _. A.helpful and ambitiousB.friendly and genero

19、usC.determined and creativeD.independent and sensible（4）Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A.Never Too Late to shareB.A Special Artificial LegC.An Outstanding PhotographerD.Gallaghers Summer Holidays【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】Devon Gallagher小时因病右腿截肢，尽管有很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最

20、好的生活。长大后Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她的故事告诉我们不要让任何东西挡住通往梦想的道路。 （1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.。尽管截肢早期给她带来了很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。由此可知Gallagher想以

21、她独特的方式表明她把自己的不幸看做是另一种幸运的形式，故选C。 （2）推理判断题。Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall现在她在整个大陆拍照，应该是这些照片展示了所以which指代的是她拍的照片，故选B。 （3）推理判断题。根据第四段One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board, Gallagher said. My mum an

22、d grandmother didnt like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.Gallagher说她妈妈和外婆都不喜欢她chalk-board的主意，但她的朋友喜欢，让她去试试，所以她就去了，可知Gallagher很有决心。根据第二段To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world,

23、 but instead of simply using a geo-tag (地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a picture。Gallagher把她的位置写在假肢上来和大家分享可知他是一个很有创造性的人，故选C。 （4）主旨大意题。最后一段And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art。是本文的主题句，根据文章内容可知本文主要描述的是截肢的Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前

24、在假肢上写下自己的位置的故事。这篇文章是想通过Gallagher的一条假肢，传达出一种乐观向上的生活态度，故A Special Artificial Leg是最好的标题。故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文以及分析特殊句式，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3阅读理解 Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for specia

25、l techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos. Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experi

26、ence or education he has in the field. After all, youre more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with an audiences emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for h

27、im might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make thee viewers feel pity, so they will be m

28、ore likely to donate money. Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”. Although ethos, pathos and

29、logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.（1）What is the purpose of per

30、suasion? A.To advise somebody to support you.B.To help someone have special skills.C.To convince somebody to realize his aim.D.To talk someone into being honest.（2）What is a speakers way of convincing the audience to trust him? A.Pathos.B.Ethos.C.Logos.D.Education.（3）What do a politician and an anim

31、al charity have in common? A.Both prevent themselves from being hurt.B.Both save people from terrible wars.C.Both make the audience support them.D.Both persuade people to donate money.（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Convince the AudienceB.Three Basic Tools of Persuasi

32、onC.Believe MeD.Strength of Persuasion【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，说服是一种说服某人同意你的艺术，有三种基本的说服方法：精神气质，悲情和理性。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish.”可知说服的目的是劝告一些人赞成你，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Ethos i

33、s a speakers way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field.”可知说话者可以通过介绍自己的经验以及自己在这个领域所受的教育，也就是Ethos，来让听众相信他，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Pathos is a speakers way of

34、 connecting with an audiences emotions.”可知一位政治家和一个动物慈善团体的共同之处就是让听众支持他们，故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。根据主题句“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, path

35、os and logos.”可知这篇文章主要介绍了劝说的三个基本方法，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 The human brain remembers negative experiences more easily than positive ones. Our brains have developed this way because threats, like dangerous animals, had a

36、more immediate effect on our ancestors survival compared to positive things like food or shelter. As a result, you likely know what makes you unhappy, but do you know what makes you happy? Research suggests that our level of happiness depends partly on factors we cannot controlour genes and our life

37、 circumstances. But our level of happiness is also shaped by the choices we make. If youve been chasing wealth, fame, good looks, material things and power, you may be looking for happiness in all the wrong places. Psychologists suggest that the following habits make people happier. People who form

38、close relationships tend to be happier than those who do not. The number of friends we have is not important. What matters is the quality of our relationships. Relationships that bring happiness usually involve the sharing of feelings, mutual respect, acceptance, trust and fun. People who exercise r

39、egularly improve both their physical and mental well being. Some research has shown that exercise can be as effective as medication in treating depression. When we are so interested in an activity we enjoy that we lose track of time, we are in a state of flow. The activity could be making art, playi

40、ng piano, surfing, or playing a game. People who experience flow in their work or hobbies tend to be happier. People are more likely to be happy if they know what their strengths are and use them regularly, People who set goals and use their strengths to achieve them tend to be happier. People are e

41、specially happy when they can use their strengths to serve the greater good. People who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic are more likely to be happy. Being grateful means being thankful, Bejing mindful means being open to, focusing on and enjoying the experiences of the pre

42、sent moment. Being optimistic means being hopeful about the future.（1）Why does the human brain remember negative things more easily? A.Negative things are easy to remember.B.Dangerous wild animals are a threat to us.C.Our ancestors had no enough food for living.D.Negative things tend to affect human

43、 survival immediately.（2）How does the author like looking for happiness in material things? A.Uncertain.B.Opposed.C.Supportive.D.Optimistic.（3）What does the author suggest us in the last paragraph? A.Enjoying our life and work.B.Leading a happy life each day.C.Being positive in our life and work.D.T

44、hinking more about the future.（4）What does this text mainly tell us? A.The factors that make people happy.B.How to remember positive things easily.C.The habits which people form in their life.D.Why people remember negative things easily.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，真正能使我们快乐的并不是物质的东西，作者在文中介绍

45、了几种会让人更快乐的习惯。（1考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Our brains have developed this way because threats, like dangerous animals, had a more immediate effect on our ancestors survival compared to positive things like food or shelter.”可知负面的东西相对于积极的东西对我们祖先的生存有更直接的影响，所以更容易被记住。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“If youve been chasing wealth

46、, fame, good looks, material things and power, you may be looking for happiness in all the wrong places. ”一直追求财富、名誉、美貌、物质和权力，你可能会在所有错误的地方寻找幸福。由此可见作者对寻找物质上的幸福持反对态度，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“People who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic are more likely to be happy.”积极乐观的人感恩，专注，乐观，更容易快乐。以及下文几者之间的内在关系可知作者建议我们在生活和工作中要积