(英语)高一英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)含解析.doc

1、（英语）高一英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like, as preparations are made for the worlds first free from 3D-printed property (房产). Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before being put to

2、gether on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined together. Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year will be the first of its kind, as it will contai

3、n no regular shapes or angles. The house is the creation of the design company WATG, based in London and California. The design for Curve Appeal draws inspiration from the Case Study House program. The architects leading the program were famed for constantly pushing the limits in terms of minimalist

4、 (极简主义) materials, and trying to create open-plan spaces that focused on enhancing (增强) natural light. In a written statement, a spokesman for WATG said, “Employing many of the same modem design principles, Curve Appeal is the next evolutionary step. Its important that the architecture and the envir

5、onment work together harmoniously. The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.” WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at arc

6、hitects, designers, engineers and artists. Participants were challenged to design a 600 to 800sq ft single-family home that rethinks traditional aesthetics (美学), ergonomics, construction, building systems and structure. Over the last year, WATGs Chicago office has been developing their design with B

7、ranch Technology. This project is currently underway, working towards breaking ground later this year. Once completed, the Curve Appeal home will have open and light-filled inside living spaces.（1）From the passage we can know that Curve Apple . A.will be different from an ordinary houseB.is the firs

8、t 3D-printed buildingC.has apparent walls and a roofD.was ever built in the world（2）Where is the architect located according to Paragraph 4? A.Far away from the Tennessee River.B.In the woods near the Tennessee River.C.Between the Tennessee River and the woods.D.Next to some modem architectures.（3）W

9、hat does the Freeform Home Design Challenge do? A.It motivates participants to design at random.B.It emphasizes traditions rather than modernization.C.It sponsors competitors when necessary.D.It helps put creative ideas into practice.（4）Whats the passage mainly about? A.What our homes will look like

10、 in the future.B.The Freeform Home Design Challenge.C.The worlds first freeform 3D-printed house.D.The development of 3D in architecture.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上第一个免费的3D打印房子。(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before

11、 being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined together.”可知，Curve Apple不同于一般的房子。故选A。(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”可知，建筑师住在the Tennessee Riv

12、er附近的树林里。故选B。(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists.”可知，the Freeform Home Design Challenge有助于把创造性的想法付诸实践

13、。故选D。(4)考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles.”可知，本文主要谈论的是世界上第一个免费的3D打印房子。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，

14、要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 A new study suggests a link between exposure to greenery and reduced desires for alcohol cigarette and junk food. The study is the first to investigate the possible relationships between exposure to nature and desires and negative emotions.

15、Researchers at the University of Plymouths School of Psychology surveyed 149 respondents (应答者) aged 21 o 65 about the proportion( 比例 )of green space in their neighborhood, the presence of green views from their home, their access to a garden and how often they use public green space. The study also

16、asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety, as well as desires for things like caffeine, alcohol and nicotine. Participants rated the intensity( 强度), imagery, and intrusiveness(侵扰性) of their desires on an 11-point scale. Researchers found the presence of visible green space contri

17、buted to decreased desires for junk food. The effect was particularly noticeable when more than 25 percent of a respondents view was greenery. Previous scholarship(学术研究) has dealt mostly with exercise in nature: A 2015 study out of the University of Michigan found 90- minute group nature walks were

18、effective at combatting depression and relieving other mood disorders. But for people who struggle with accessibility or dont have time for a 90-minute walk, this new study suggests just looking out a window at a tree can help fight off a bad habit. It has been known for some time that being outdoor

19、s in nature is linked to a persons well-being, lead author Leanne Martin said in a statement. But for there to be a similar association with desires from simply being able to see green space adds a new dimension to the previous research. A 2018 study from Denmarks Aarhus University for example, foun

20、d that. Having access to green space throughout childhood decreased a persons risk of developing mental health problems as an adult.（1）What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A.The results of the new study.B.The purpose of the new study.C.The significance of the new study.D.The content of

21、the new study.（2）What does the underlined word combatting in paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Reducing.B.Developing.C.Understanding.D.Encouraging（3）According to the passage, the new study _. A.mainly referred to exercise in natureB.has enriched the previous research to some degreeC.was carried out by th

22、e University of MichiganD.found exposure to greenery helped cure mental problems（4）n which section of a newspaper may this passage appear? A.EntertainmentB.Business WorldC.Tech &ScienceD.Environment【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究成果-多看绿色植物和吃垃圾食品这两者看似风马牛不相及，可研究结构却表明它们之间存在着一种奇妙的关系：多看绿色

23、植物能帮助人们克制吃垃圾食品的欲望。 （1）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“Researchers surveyed 149 respondents aged 21 o 65 about the proportion of green space in their neighborhood”研究人员调查了年龄在2165岁之间的149名参与者小区内的绿植比例；以及“The study also asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety”研究中还问了与抑郁及焦虑有关的问题等可知，第二段主要介绍了新研究的调查内容，故选D

24、。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据常识可知，在大自然中散步对人体有各种各样的好处，再结合句中出现的“relieving other mood disorders(缓解其他情绪紊乱)”不难推断出， combatting depression应表示“减轻抑郁”。故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“adds a new dimension(方面) to the previous research”为以前的研究增加了新的方面，可知，新的研究在某种程度上丰富了之前的研究成果。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项科学研究的研究成果，所以该文章最有可能出现在“技术与科学”版块。

25、故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 One of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family house in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. We had heard in school about a pla

26、net called Pluto. It was the farthest, coldest, and darkest thing a child could imagine. We guessed how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on. We tried to figure out how much colder Pluto was than Antarctica, or than the coldes

27、t day we had ever experienced in Pennsylvania. Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星） in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system. Plutos unde

28、rdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive. Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses. As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, Tombaughs task was to search millions of stars for a

29、 moving point of light, a planet that the observatorys founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune. On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depressions dark encroachment (入侵). Plu

30、to is much more than something that is not a planet. Its a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isnt the limit at all. We dont know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.（1）Why did Pluto become fa

31、mous in 2006 according to the passage?A.Because it lost its major planet status.B.Because it disappeared in the sky.C.Because it was discovered by an American.D.Because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe.（2）What can be a suitable title for the text?A.An American Scientist: Clyde

32、TombaughB.Pluto was First Discovered by a BoyC.Plutos Strange RomanceD.The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania（3）What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?A.Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression.B.Pluto was the only planet that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.C.C

33、lyde Tombaughs job was to build telescopes for Lowell Observatory.D.Clyde Tombaughs telescopes used for searching stars were very simple.（4）What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph most probably mean?A.Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system.B.Pluto is much more than a plan

34、et in the solar system.C.Pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky.D.Pluto is not a planet in the solar system, but it is more than a planet.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】文章讲述了小时候作者对冥王星的认识，以及冥王星被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，更表现了冥王星的神秘和魅力，这使作者认识到宇宙是无穷的，也是不断变化的，需要我们不停去探索。( 1 )推理判断题。根据第三段Pluto, which f

35、amously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星）in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system可知，在2006年冥王星被从太阳系大行星中被去除，失去了其大行星地位，故选A。( 2 )主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是冥王星的被发现和被从太阳系去除的经

36、过，更表现了它的神秘和魅力。C项“冥王星的奇怪浪漫史”概括全文，故选C。( 3 )推理判断题。根据第四段Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.和On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of l

37、ight in the midst of the Great Depressions dark encroachment (入侵).可知，是Clyde Tombaugh用他简陋的仪器发现了冥王星，成了第一个发现行星的美国人，并且给黑暗的大萧条时期带来了一线光明。故选D。( 4 )猜测句意题。此句指冥王星的发现并不仅仅是一颗行星，它还让我们知道了宇宙无限大，天空根本不是极限，它们是不断变化的需要我们去探索。故选D。【点评】考查科普类短文阅读。4阅读理解 Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lo

38、ts of patience. But in Lenwood Haddocks case, being blind works to his advantage. His trained, sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986, Lenwood has woven about 145, 000 perfect hammocks. Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hun

39、ting accident. “My whole working career has been blind,” he says. He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On his first day of work. “I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood rec

40、alls, laughing. “And then I came home and lay down to sleep. I lift weights, but I wasnt as tough as I thought until I started weaving.lt takes a lot of energy, and youre standing up all day.” In time, however, Lenwood found he had a knack (窍门) for the job. At first he worked on-site at the company,

41、 but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days. There, he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day, he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles withou

42、t ever leaving his shop. The process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops (环). A single missed stitch (织针) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable or even dangerous to use. Experienced weavers miss loops sometimes, but to his companys knowledge

43、, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwoods skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes. The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today, it is the worlds largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand. H

44、owever, Lenwoods routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the rows, looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock, Lenwood presents himself a perfect product. “Im not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits.（1）Lenwood stopped doing his first job because . A.it w

45、as for people with good eyesight onlyB.the company failed to go on with its businessC.the company didnt produce hammocksD.he was not skilled at doing woodwork（2）It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood . A.has been blind all through his lifeB.used to work as a hunter to support his familyC.wa

46、s born in the 1950s with good eyesightD.has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years（3）What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph? A.He moved very often while he was working on a hammock.B.He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.C.He had to stay 8 miles away from the works

47、ite to complete it.D.He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.（4）What does the passage mainly talk about? A.the success of the Hammock Source CompanyB.a blind craftsman who makes perfect hammocksC.how to weave perfect hammocks by handD.how to become a successful craftsman【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，因故双目失明的美国人Lenwood，用其训练有素，敏感的双手创造编织吊床的奇迹。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He first found a