(英语)高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)模拟试题及解析.doc

1、（英语）高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)模拟试题及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解 A PG-13 rating is a stricter warning by the Rating Board to parents to determine whether their children under age 13 should view the film. A PG-13 film may go beyond the PG rating in theme, violence, nudity (裸露), language, adult activities or other eleme

2、nts, but does not reach the restricted R category. The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG-13, although activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film. Any drug use will initially require at least a PG-13 rati

3、ng. More than brief nudity will require at least a PG-13 rating, but such nudity in PG-13 rated film generally will not be sexually oriented. There may be violence scene in a PG-13 movie, but generally not both realistic and extreme or persistent violence. A single use of one of the rude words in a

4、film, though only as an expletive (感叹语), initially requires at least a PG-13 rating. More than one such bad word requires an R rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context. The Rating Board nevertheless may rate such a film PG-13 if, based on a special vote by a two-thirds majori

5、ty, the Raters feel that most American parents would believe that a PG-13 rating is appropriate because of the context or manner in which the words are used or because the use of those words in the film is easily neglected.（1）What is the main goal of this passage? A.To discuss various movie ratings.

6、B.To explain various movie ratings.C.To explain the difference between PG-13 and R movie ratings.D.To explain the PG-13 movie rating.（2）According to PG-13 rating, the theme of the movie _. A.has little impact on its ratingB.has a large impact on its ratingC.should be entertainingD.should be suitable

7、 for children（3）From Paragraph 2, we can learn that drug usage _. A.should not be allowed in moviesB.is dangerousC.makes a PG-13 rating necessaryD.is not appropriate for children under 13（4）What does a movie with two or more uses of bad words require? A.A PG rating.B.A PG-13 rating.C.An R rating.D.A

8、n NC-17 rating.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。PG-13级是电影分级委员会对家长发出的更严格的警告，目的是决定13岁以下的孩子是否应该看这部电影。文章介绍了PG-13电影分级。 （1）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文从主题、暴力、裸体、语言、成人活动方面解释了PG-13的电影分级。全文目的在于解释PG-13。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG-13, although ac

9、tivities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film.”，电影的主题本身不会导致评级大于PG-13，尽管在电影中出现的与成熟主题相关的活动可能会导致对电影的限制评级。此可知，电影的主题对PG-13评级影响不大。故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Any drug use will initially require at least a PG-13 rating.”任何药物使用最初都需要至少达到PG-13级别。可知，药物使用使PG-13评级

10、是必要的。故选C。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“More than one such bad word requires an R rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context.”，一部有两个或两个以上脏话用法的电影需要满足R级。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Singles Day: Alibaba Says a Lot of People in China Bough

11、t OnlineThe planets biggest shopping day has come and gone, and Alibaba again showed the world how many mountains of stuff (物品) it could persuade people to buy in the 24 hours. Monday was Nov. 11, known in China as Singles Day. This year, nearly $38.3 billion worth of stuff was sold on Alibabas plat

12、forms (平台) that day, beating last years $30.8 billion and making Black Friday look, yet again, like a yard sale. China has grown richer and more digitally connected. Alibaba has become a technology powerhouse. Along the way, the company has made a few famous friends. This year the singer Taylor Swif

13、t performed in its live-streamed evening gala (庆典) in Shanghai on Sunday. In previous years the model Miranda Kerr and the actors Nicole Kidman and Daniel Craig also showed on the Singles Day stage. Alibaba started taking the lead in China, simply enough, by connecting big Chinese manufacturers with

14、 big buyers across the world. Its business-to-business site, A allowed people to buy almost everything. Alibabas advantage wasnt hard to see: size. Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards. Alibaba now calls itself a data and technology company, one that provides digital tools to help the busi

15、nesses on its platforms. That, in turn, leads consumers to look to those platforms for their every need, from shopping and services to entertainment and travel. Today, Alibaba is itself a gigantic company, and it wants to grow bigger still.（1）Where is this passage probably from? A.A textbook.B.A new

16、spaper.C.A science news report.D.An advertisement.（2）How many famous people showed on the Singles Day stage? A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.（3）What does Alibabas advantage mainly lie in? A.Its platform.B.Its service.C.Its price.D.Its size.（4）Which word can replace the underlined word gigantic in the last paragraph

17、 ? A.Large.B.Small.C.Good.D.Successful.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了引领了中国双十一购物节的阿里巴巴公司。每年购物节前夕都会找明星预热。同时介绍了阿里巴巴的相关信息。 （1）考查推理判断。本文介绍了中国双十一购物节相关数据和阿里巴巴公司的情况，可以从报纸了解到相关信息。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的Taylor Swift ，Miranda Kerr，Nicole Kidman，Daniel Craig等人都参加了双十一晚会庆典，共4人，故选C。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Al

18、ibabas advantage wasnt hard to see: size. Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards.”阿里巴巴的优势不难看出，就是其规模，而且阿里巴巴的规模以中国标准而言也是非常大的。故选D。 （4）考查词义猜测。最后一段中的“and it wants to grow bigger still”，阿里巴巴也想继续扩大，此处使用了bigger形容词的比较级，由此可判断划线词意为“大”，故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑

19、关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasant voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you a

20、re teaching, in order to make its meaning clear. Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he doesnt sit still before his class; he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. There are v

21、ery important differences between the teachers work and the actors. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand(预先).What h

22、e has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand anything, they say so. The teacher

23、cant learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along. I have known many teachers who are fine actors in class but are unable to take part in a stage-play because they cant keep strictly to what another has written.（1）From the passage, we know_. A.a good teacher should be a good actor.B.

24、a good teacher may be unable to act well on the stage.C.a good actor should be a good teacher.D.a good actor may act well in class.（2）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A.A good teacher should speak clearly.B.A good teacher should sit still before his class and speak with h

25、is body language.C.A good actor should speak as others have asked him to do.D.A good actor should repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part.（3）The skills of a good teacher are _ . A.draw his students attention.B.change his voice when needed.C.act out what he is teaching.D.all t

26、he above.（4）The title (标题)of the passage is _. A.How to be a good teacher.B.How to be a good actor.C.A good teachers knowledge.D.A good actors behavior.【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了教师职业与演员职业的异同。 （1）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“I have known many teachers who are fine actors in class but are unable to

27、 take part in a stage-play because they cant keep strictly to what another has written.”我认识许多老师，他们在课堂上是很好的演员，但在舞台剧中却表演不好，因为他们不能严格遵守别人提前写好的内容，可知，一个好老师不一定在表演台上能表演好。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he doesnt sit still before his class; he stands the whole time he is te

28、aching”看一个好老师，你会看到他常常不会静静地在教室前边坐着，他在教授的整节课上都会站着，可知，一个好老师不应该就在班级前坐着，所以选项B描述不正确。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，要成为一名优秀的教师，你需要具备某些好演员的天赋。你必须能hold住观众（学生）的注意力和兴趣点。语言要清晰，声音要宏亮、悦耳，而且收放自如。.而且为了让你所传授的东西更好地被理解，你应该能把你它表演出来。，故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文第一段提出了做一名好老师应该具有的天赋，以及通过与演员职业对比，说明做老师与做演员的差异。文章从前到后都在告诉我们如何才能成为一名好老师。故选A。 【点评】

29、本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 BEIJING/SAO PAULO-Chinese traditions like cockfighting like-flying and fireworks have been quite common in Brazil for many years. Despite the thousands of kilometers between them, Chinas historical and artistic mark on B

30、razil has existed for about 300 years, said Brazilian sinologist (汉学家) Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite in his book China in Brazil. Influences from China can date from the colonial period, even up to the time after after Brazils independence. The commercial relationship between the two countries has exi

31、sted for a long time, he noted, adding that incoming ships would fill up Brazilian cities like Salvador, Rio de Janeiro and Recife with Chinese products like porcelain (瓷器), silk and fans He also found Chinese influence not only in the arts and architecture of Brazil but also in the most diverse are

32、as of Brazilian society, like the economy, medicine and popular culture. At the end of the 19th century, in Pernambuco, (a state in northeastern Brazil), there was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons. Teixeira added. The book took him about 15 years to finish. Th

33、e impact of the book surprised me, though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1,000 copies, he said. Some have said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil. Besides, the sinologist did research on the mark and presence of China in t

34、he architecture and arts of Brazil. It was through art that China awoke in me, first, curiosity, after that, interest, and finally, passion, Teixeira said. In 1992, the sinologist visited Macao to do research for his doctoral thesis about the marks and presence of China in Brazil, and that trip impr

35、essed him a lot. In 2013, Teixeira had a chance to visit the Chinese cities of Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai, and got to know the past and present of the great country culturally, as well as its incredible material development.（1）What does the underlined sentence imply? A.Brazilian childrens love f

36、or dragons as Chinese children.B.The development of China-Brazil frequent trade cooperation.C.A further understanding of the cultures of the two countries.D.Chinas influence on most diverse areas of Brazilian society.（2）What marks a new stage of Chinese studies for Brazilian? A.Childrens clothes.B.T

37、he sinologists traveling.C.The sinologists book.D.Chinas porcelain.（3）What fired the sinologists passion for Chinese studies? A.Chinese art.B.Chinese customs.C.The history of China.D.Chinas development.（4）What is the best title for this passage? A.The Impression of China on Sinologist.B.China and Br

38、azil in Eyes of SinologistC.An Introduction to Sinologists New BookD.The Future of China-Brazil Trade Relations【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴西汉学家Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite眼中的中国和巴西。 （1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“Influences from China can date from the colonial period, even up to the time after afte

39、r Brazils independence.”可知中国的影响可以追溯到殖民地时代，甚至到巴西独立之后。从画线句所在的句子“At the end of the 19th century, in Pernambuco,（a state in northeastern Brazil）, there was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons可知19世纪末，在巴西东北部的一个州，伯南布哥，有一个习俗，孩子们睡在装饰有中国龙的衣服上。因此，划线句子显示的是中国对巴西社会各个领域的影响。故选D。

40、 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的The impact of the book surprised me, though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1,000 copies, he said. Some have said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil.可知这本书的影响令我吃惊，尽管它是由一家大学出版社出版的，印刷量只有1000册。有人说这本书代表了巴西中国研究的

41、一个转折点。因此，这本书标志着巴西人的汉语研究进入了一个新的阶段。故选C。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的It was through art that China awoke in me, first, curiosity, after that, interest, and finally, passion, Teixeira said.”可知正是通过艺术，中国在我心中觉醒，首先是好奇心，然后是兴趣，最后是激情，特谢拉说。因此，是艺术激发了这位汉学家对中国研究的热情。故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，巴西汉学家Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite从艺术，

42、商业，经济，医学，文化，建筑等方面介绍了中国对巴西的影响。所以短文的最佳标题为“汉学家眼中的中国和巴西”。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 Beneath the water in the Chinas Qiandao Lake lies a hidden treasure. The ancient city of Shi Cheng (also known as Lion City), located in the p

43、rovince of Zhejiang, has been submerged underwater for 53 years. Shi Cheng was founded about 1,300 years ago in a valley surrounded by the Five Lion Mountains. When the Chinese government decided they needed a new hydroelectric power station (水力发电站)， a dam and man-made lake were constructed and the

44、city was left at the bottom of this new body of water. Now, it sits at depths ranging from 85 feet to about 103 feet. Much like the Machu Picchu ruins in Peru, this underwater city remained forgotten until some renewed interests lead to its rediscovery. Qiu Feng, a local official in charge of touris

45、m thought about utilizing Shi Cheng for entertainment on the lake and as a destination for diving clubs. On September 18, 2001, scuba divers made their first attempt underwater. We were lucky. As soon as we dived into the lake, we found the outside wall of the town and even picked up a brick, Qiu to

46、ld Guangzhou Daily in an interview. More research was conducted, and it was discovered that the entire town was intact (1881), including wooden beams and stairs. After the initial findings, international archaeologists and a film crew then recorded the preservation of the lost ruins. Looking at surf

47、ace of the lake, dotted with over 1,000 islands, youd never know that an entire city was below. Its incredible to think that after all this time, the structure still remains intact and we could one day visit it. Until then, Shi Cheng will continue to remain inconspicuously submerged.（1）Why was Shi Cheng covered by water according to the passage? A.Because the city has a long history.B.Because the government could attract more tourists by doing so.C.Because the government needed to build a power station