美国司机安全知识-防御性驾驶课件.ppt

1、防御性驾驶防御性驾驶Defensive Driving非职业机动车驾驶员安全驾驶知识For Noncommercial MotoristsSession ObjectivesYou will be able to:Identify driving hazardsUnderstand defensive driving techniquesUse defensive driving techniques to prevent accidents and injuries on the roadDriving Safety StatisticsSomeone is injured every 18

2、 secondsOver 2 million injuries annually are disabling A person dies in a crash every 11 minutes Motor vehicle accidents are the most common cause of death 1 in 4 fatal work injuries involves a vehicle accidentDriving Hazards:Human ErrorReckless drivingDistracted drivingFatigueAggressive driving Fai

3、lure to keep vehicles in good operating conditionDriving under the influenceDriving Hazards:Dangerous ConditionsBad weatherDifficult road conditionsPoor light or glareHeavy trafficRoad workAccidentsSeat BeltsSaved over 100,000 livesPrevent crashing into steering wheel,dash,or windshieldKeep you insi

4、de vehicleProtect body organsImprove chance of remaining consciousKeep you behind the wheel if you have to swerve or brake suddenlyVehicle MaintenanceRegular tune-upsOil changesFluid levelsBrakesTire treads and pressureLights,signals,and wipersPre-Drive InspectionWalkaround inspectionTiresLeaks unde

5、r vehicleWindows clean,nothing blocking visionMirrors properly adjustedLights working properlyCarrying a Load?Dont overload your vehicleMake sure everyone has a seat and a seat beltMake sure cargo is properly securedBe certain your vision is not blockedIdentify three driving hazards caused by human

6、errorDriving Hazards:ID Test Reckless drivingDistracted drivingFatigueAggressive driving Vehicles in poor operating conditionDriving underthe influence Identify three driving hazards caused by dangerous conditionsDriving Hazards:ID Test(cont.)Bad weatherDifficult road conditionsPoor light or glareHe

7、avy traffic Road workAccidents Driving HazardsDo you understand the variety of driving hazards you could face on the road?Avoid CollisionsHead-on collisionsHit from behindHitting the driver in frontSide collisionsObey Traffic Rules And Use Common SenseSpeed limitsTraffic signs and signalsFollow the

8、2-second ruleSignal your intentionsPass with care and only where allowedKeep Alert and Be PreparedKeep your mind on your driving and your hands on the wheelScan the road ahead for problemsCheck mirrors frequentlyExpect the unexpectedYield to other drivers who are determined to get there firstAdjust

9、to Weather And Road ConditionsSlow downTurn on lights and wipersIncrease following distance to 4 secondsAvoid puddlesBeware of misty rain after a dry spellBe prepared to handle a skid safelyBeware of icy patchesBe Extra Careful at NightKeep windshield clean to improve visionTurn lights on 1/2 hour b

10、efore sunsetIncrease following distance to 4 secondsBe extra careful on curves and at intersectionsSwitch from high to low beams to keep from blinding other driversIf you have trouble,pull completely off the road and use flashersWatch Out for FatigueBe especially careful during late night,early morn

11、ing,and mid-afternoon hoursStop,take a nap,and drink coffee if youre tiredStop every so often over long distancesAvoid medications that cause drowsinessKeep Cool in TrafficKeep your emotions in checkTake steps to stay relaxed no matter whatAllow enough time to get thereDont provoke other driversRepo

12、rt aggressive drivers to the policeDont Drink or Take Drugs and DriveAlcohol and drugs impair:Ability to determine distancesReaction timeJudgmentVisionRemember:Only time,not coffee,will sober you upRide with a designated driverIf Youre Involved In an AccidentOn Campus:Call Public Safety:LPC 5-7777 o

13、r Loop 2-8400,Do not leave the scene.Exchange important information.Report accident to supervisor.Supervisor reports accident to Risk Management.Off Campus:Contact the police.Do not leave the scene.Exchange important information.Report accident to supervisor.Supervisor reports accident to Risk Manag

14、ement.Defensive Driving Techniques:True or FalseYou should keep 2 to 4 seconds behind the vehicle in front.If you go into a skid,turn the wheel in the opposite direction of the skid.If youve had too much to drink,a couple of cups of coffee will sober you up.Many drowsy driving accidents occur in mid

15、-afternoon hours.Defensive Driving TechniquesDo you understand the information about defensive driving techniques?Key Points to RememberKnow the driving hazards you can face on the roadMaintain your vehicle in good conditionAlways wear a seat beltFollow traffic rules and obey signs and signalsBe a safe and defensive driver every dayKnow how to respond to an accidentTESTPlease complete the driver quiz