经贸英语词汇(DOC 34页).doc

1、 经贸英语词汇经贸英语词汇经贸英语词汇(m0)money in circulation 流通中的现金(m1) narrow money 狭义货币(m2) broad money 广义货币a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统account 帐户accounting equation 会计等式accounting system 会计系统all risks 一切险american accounting association 美国会计协会american institute of cpas 美国注册会计师协会articulation 勾稽关系assets

2、 资产audit 审计bad account 坏帐balance sheet 资产负债表bear market 熊市blank endorsed 空白背书bookkeepking 簿记bull market 牛市business entity 企业个体capital stock 股本cargo receipt 承运货物收据cash flow prospects 现金流量预测catalogue 商品目录certificate in internal auditing内部审计证书certificate in management accounting 管理会计证书certificate publi

3、c accountant 注册会计师china securities regulatory commission 中国证监会chinas big four commercial banks中国四大商业银行close-ended fund 封闭式基金commission 佣金consignee 收货人corporation 公司cost accounting 成本会计cost and freightcfr 成本加运费价格cost insurance and freightcif 成本加运保费cost principle 成本原则creditor 债权人cut a melon 分红dead acc

4、ount 呆帐deflation 通货紧缩delivery 交货disclosure 批露dividend，bonus stock 股息，红利downturn 低迷时期endorsed 背书enforce stockholding system 实行股份制expenses 费用export department 出口部external users 外部使用者f.p.a.(free from particular average) 平安险f.w.r.d.(fresh water rain damage) 淡水雨淋险face value 面值feesfortax reform 费改税financi

5、al accounting 财务会计financial accounting standards board 财务会计准则委员会financial activities 筹资活动financial forecast 财务预测financial statement 财务报表foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备futures market 期货市场generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则general-purpose information 通用目的信息geneticallymodified products 基因改良

6、产品going-concern assumption 持续经营假设government accounting office govern会计办公室hook damage 钩损险import department 进口部income statement 损益表income tax 所得税indicative price 参考价格inflation 通货膨涨inquiry 询盘institute of internal auditors 内部审计师协会institute of management accountants管理会计师协会integrity 整合性internal auditing 内

7、部审计internal control structure 内部控制结构internal revenue service 国内收入署internal users 内部使用者investing activities 投资活动knowledge-based economy 知识经济labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济liabilities 负债management accounting 管理会计marine bills of lading 海运提单national bonds 国债nationalize；nationalization 国有化negative cash

8、flow 负现金流量non-performing loan 不良贷款non-work income 非劳动收入notify 被通知人open-ended fund 开放式基金operating activities 经营活动order 订货outstanding of deposits 存款余额owners equity 所有者权益partial shipment 分批装运partnership 合伙企业positive cash flow 正现金流量press conference 记者招待会price list 价目表privatize；privatization 私有化proactive

9、 fiscal measures 积极的财政政策promote independent decisionmaking by stateowned enterprises 提高企业自主权public relations department公关部publicly owned economy 公有经济recession 衰退时期rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序reduce states stake in listed companies 国有股减持restraint of trade 贸易管制retained earning 留存利润return of investm

10、ent 投资回报return on investment 投资报酬revenue 收入risk of intermixture and contamination 混杂、玷污险risk of leakage 渗漏险risk of odor 串味险risk of rust 锈蚀险sales terms and conditions销售条件securities and exchange commission 证券交易委员会shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制shipping order 托运单shortage risk 短缺险sole propri

11、etorship 独资企业solvency 清偿能力specification 规格stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设state stock reduction 国有股减持statement of cash flow 现金流量表statement of financial position 财务状况表steady monetary policies 稳健的货币政策stockholders 股东stockholders equity 股东权益streghten the governments macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏

12、观调控作用strikes risk 罢工险t.p.n.d.( theft,pilferage non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险tax accounting 税务会计technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济the dow jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数the first majority shareholder 第一大股东the hang seng index 恒生指数thin trade 交易薄弱to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling sta

13、ke 控股to expand domestic demand 扩大内需value-added tax 增值税w.a./w.p.a(with average or with particular average) 水渍险war risk 战争险window dressing 门面粉饰year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的bull market 牛市， 多头市场bear market 熊市， 空头市场股息，红利 dividend or bonus stock国民生产总值 gnp (gross national product)人均国民生产总值 per capita gnp产值 output

14、 value鼓励 give incentive to投入 input宏观控制 exercise macro-control优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure输入活力 bring vigor into改善经济环境 improve economic environment整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation非公有成分 non-public sectors主要成分 dominant sector实在的 tangible全体会议 plenary session解

15、放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley举措 move实事求是 seek truth from facts引进、输入 importation和平演变 peaceful evolution试一下 have a go (at sth.)精华、精粹、实质 quintessence家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system搞活企业 invigorate enterprises商品经济 commodity economy基石 c

16、ornerstone零售 retail发电量 electric energy production有色金属 nonferrous metals人均收入 per capita income使负担 be saddled with营业发达的公司 going concerns被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business善于接受的 receptive增额、增值、增长 increment发展过快 excessive growth抽样调查 data from the sample survey扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(exc

17、luded)实际增长率 actual growth rate国际收支 international balance of payments流通制度 circulation system总工资 total wages分配形式 forms of distribution风险资金 risk funds管理不善 poor management一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义*思想、坚持改革开放the central task refers to

18、economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to communist party leadership, to the peoples democratic dictatorship and to marxism-leninism and mao zedong thought - and persisting in reform and opening.改革是社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展。reform is the

19、 self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system.我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。the criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a soc

20、ialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。the main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of

21、common prosperity.要人们警惕右和左的影响，特别是左的根深蒂固的影响。to warn people of the influence of both the right and the left deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted left influence.中国要警惕右，但更要防左。china needs to be vigilant against the right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the leftdeviation.资本主义和社会主义

22、并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。as the reform further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.初步建立社会主义计划商品经

23、济新体制。to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.各尽所能，按劳/需分配。from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.经济结构改革。reform in economic structure剩余劳动力。surplus labor经营机制operative mechanism发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role o

24、f the market经济和law的杠杆economic and legal leverages经济计划和市场调节相结合to combine economic planning with market regulation计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation取消国家对农产品的统购统销to cancel the states monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products改革重点转移到城市the

25、focus of reform is shifted to the cities国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设the basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。to modernize the countrys industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step

26、 to turn china into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。the basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective

27、 ownership by the working people.国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。the state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。the state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.农业 farming林业 for

28、estry畜牧业 animal husbandry副业 sideline production渔业 fishing第一产业 primary industry第二产业 secondary industry第三产业 tertiary industry生产资料 means of production生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence生产关系 relations of production生产力 productive forces公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership全民所有制 ownership by the enti

29、re/whole people社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise合资企业 joint venture合作企业 cooperative enterprise独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise世界贸易组织 world trade organization中国人民银行 peoples bank of china信息产业部 ministry

30、of information industry国家发展计划委员会 state development planning commission贷款无力偿还 loan defaults船务公司 shipping service company 非商标(非专利)产品 generic products 稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy 超前消费 deficit spending (到银行)挤兑 run on banks 对农业的国内支持 domestic support to agriculture 特种债券 special bonds 富裕经济 economy of a

31、bundance 年复合增长率 caga (compound annual growth average) 动物源性蛋白 animal-based protein 转基因组织 gmo (genetically modified organism) 视频点播 vod (video-on-demand) 音频点播 aod (audio-on-demand) 市场准人的行政管理措施 aama： administrative aspects of market access 亚太工商咨询理事会 abac： apec business advisory council 亚太商业论坛 abf：apec b

32、usiness forum 亚太通讯与数据系统 acds：apec communications and database system 亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心 actetsme：apec center for technology exchange and training for small and medium enterprises 亚洲开发银行 adb: asian development bank 亚太经合组织经济领导人会议 aelm： apec economic leaders meeting 东盟自由贸易区 afta：asean free trade area 亚太经合

33、组织部长级会议 amm：apec ministeriai meeting 澳新紧密经济关系协定 anzcerta：australia new zealand closer economic relations trade agreement 亚太商业网络 apb-net：asia-pacific business network 亚太经济合作组织 apec：asia-pacific economic cooperation 亚太能源研究中心 aperc：asia pacific energy research center 亚太信息基础设施 apii：asia-pacific informat

34、ion infrastructure 亚太实验室认可合作 aplac：asia pacific laboratory accreditation cooperation 亚太法定计量论坛 aplmf：asia pacific legal metrology forum 亚太计量程序 apmp：asia pacific metrology program 东南亚国家联盟 asean：association of south-east asian nations 亚欧会议 asem：asia-europe meeting 农业技术合作 atc：agricultural technical coop

35、eration 中央处理器 cpu(central processing unit) 计算机辅助设计 cad(computer-aided design) 互联网普及率 internet penetration 网民 cyber citizen 网络犯罪 cyber crime 网络城市, 虚拟城市 cyber city 数字鸿沟 digital divide 智能学校 smart schools 多功能卡 multipurpose card 软件开发 software development 内容开发 content development 数字化商业 digital business 信息

36、化 informationization, network-based information flow 软件包 software packages 申请注册域名 domain name application and registration 虚拟空间 virtual space 局域网 intranet 脑图 mind map 便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer 个人数字助理 pda-personal digital assistant 掌上电脑 palm computer 路由器 router 网络管理员 network

37、administrator 网络经济 cyber economy 以太网 ethernet 服务提供者 isp-internet service provider 网络计算机 nc: network computer 多媒体个人电脑 mpc: multimedia personal computer 多媒体扩展 mmx: 是multimedia extensions 兆赫 mhz mega hertz 视频图形阵列 vga:video graphics array 三维摄影室 3d studio: three dimension studio 虚拟现实 vr：virtual reality 原

38、始设备制造商 oem：original equipment manufacturer 即插即用 pnp：plug and play 乐器数字接口 midi：musical instrument digital interface 运动图像专家组 mpeg:motion picture experts group 域名 domain name 拨号连接 dial-up connection 海关类customs bond 海关担保 surety company 担保公司 principle 本人 carrier 承运人 attorney 代理人/委托人 freight forwarder 货运代

39、理 jointly and severally liable for 负连带责任 liquidated damages 违约赔偿金 solvency 偿付能力 security 抵押品/保证金 power of attorney 委托书 make a complete entry 正式/完整申报 cfr(code of federal regulations) 美国联邦政府行政法规汇编 bill of lading 提单 condemned goods 有问题的货物 customs liquidation 清关 customs clearance 结关 court costs 诉讼费用 dis

40、position of merchandise 货物处置债转股 debt-to-equity swap 港元的联系汇率制 the linkage system between the us dollar and the hk dollar 坏帐、呆帐、死帐 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan 反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against 通货紧缩 deflation 通货膨胀 inflation 非配额产品 quota-free products 非生产性投资 inve

41、stment in non-productive projects 风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment 风险基金 venture capital 风险准备金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk 搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises 规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale 国合企业（即国有合作社） state-owned cooperatives 国际收支 balance of in

42、ternational payments/ balance of payment 国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment 国家补贴 public subsidies 国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves 合理引导消费 guide rational consumption 季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments 既成事实 established/accomplished facts 技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterpris

43、es that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development 劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprises 乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations

44、and random levies on enterprises 千年问题、千年虫 millennium bug 企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises 企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise losses 实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to 平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the princip

45、le of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development 瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions 皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company 放松银根 ease monetary policy 流动人口 floating population 企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises 贪图安逸 crave comfort and pleasure 消费膨胀 inflated co

46、nsumption 信息化 informationize 无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator 无纸交易 paperless transaction 适销对路的产品 readily marketable products 倒爷 profiteer 机构臃肿 overstaffing in (government) organizations 机构重叠 organizational overlapping 利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery 经常性的财政收入 regular revenues 慢性萧条 chr

47、onic depression 双重轨制 two-tier system / double-track system 就业前培训 pre-job training 岗位培训 on-the-job training 对外项目承包 foreign project contracting 劳务合作 labor service cooperation 外援方式 modality of foreign aid 自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of january 1, 1999 所有制形式 forms of ownership 以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制