英语时态图表归纳(DOC 8页).doc

1、英语时态图表归纳概念时间状语基本结构一般疑问句否定形式一般现在时经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。often; usually; every;sometimes; always;never;once/twice/ a week/month/year;on Sundays/Mondays/.;1. be动词用am/is/are表示。2.行为动词用V原形；或V-s/es（主语为单数第三人称时）1.把am/is/are放于句首。2.借助助动词do提问，如主语又为第三人称单数，则用does，同时还原为动词原形。1.am/is/are+not2.此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont

2、；若主语又为第三人称单数，则加doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般过去时过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态； 过去 习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。yesterday;the day before yesterday;last week/month/year/.; ago; a moment ago;just now;on/in+过去的时间;1.be动词用was/were2.行为动词用V-ed1.把was或 were提到句首。2.借助助动词did提问，同时还原为动词原形。1.was/were+ not2. 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划

3、或准备做某事。tomorrow；the day after tomorrow; soon; next week/month/year/.; the week/month/year/. after next; on/in +将来的时间；in+一段时间；.1.am/is/are going to + V原形2.shallwillV原形1.把am/is/are提到句首。2. 把will/shall提到句首。1.am/is/are+not+ going todo2.will shallnot+ do过去将来时表示在过去的某个时候看来将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。the next/following d

4、ay/week/month/year;多用在宾语从句中1.would+ V原形2.was/ were going to + V原形1. 把would 提到句首。2. 把was 或were提到句首。1.would+not+do2.was/were +not+ going to +do现在进行时表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作或状态。now；at present;at the moment;Look!(放在句首);Listen! (放在句首);am/ is/ are +V-ing把am/is/are提到句首。am/ is/ are +not +doing过去进行时表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生

5、或进行的动作或行为。at that time;at this time yesterday;at+时间点+yesterday/last night;at that moment;was/ were+ V-ing把was或were提到句首。was/ were+ not+ doing现在完成时过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。already；just；before;yet(否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/for+一段时间；since +时间点；since+一段时间+ago; by+现在时间；so far; up to

6、now; till now; until now; recently；lately; during/over/in the past/last years/.have/ has +p.p把have或has提到句首。have/ has +not+ done过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或情况。过去的过去：by+过去的时间；表“过去某动作或时间以前”的时间状语;由said, asked, told, thought等引导的宾语从句.had+ p.p把had提到句首。had+ not+ done补充：完成时态可用在下列结构中：This(That, It)is(was )t

7、he first(second.)time+定语从句：This(That, It)is(was) the only (last)+名词+定语从句；This (This, It)is (was)+形容词最高级+名词+定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词动词通常用现在完成时；如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例1：This is the first time(that )Ive drunk Californian champagne.这是我第一次喝加利福尼亚香槟酒。例2：There was a knock at the door. It was th

8、e second time someone had interrupted me that evening.有人敲门，这是当天晚上第二次有人打扰我了。6.动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时，表示过去的希望，预期，意图或愿望等没有实现。例1：I had meant to leave to on Monday, but have stayed on.我本来打算星期一离开，但最终还是继续留下来了。另外一种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是：7.was / were+ to have done

9、 sth. 和intended (expected, hoped, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired)+ to have done sth.例1：We were to have come yesterday, but we couldnt.我们本想昨天来的，但我们来不了。例：1I mean to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.我本想告诉你这件事，但我忘掉了。9.过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：(1)hardly / scarcely / barely+过去完成时(倒装形式)+when +过去时例1：Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with.我一到达就有新问题要处理。(2) no sooner+过去完成时(倒装形式)+than +过去时。例1：No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.这话刚说出口，他就意识到他本该保持沉默的。