同义句转换类型大全初中英语(DOC 6页).doc

1、第三章 句型转换表述同一意思，可以用多种不同的表达方式。这在英语学习中体现为运用不同句型来表述同一意思。细微而言，表述同一意思的各个不同句型各有其语义上的倾重点；但一般情况下，尤其是对初学者而言，这种细微的“异”并不要求强调。换言之，是要求从“同”的角度来看待表述同一意思的不同句型。本章拟以列举实例的方式来作一综合介绍。一、一句多讲1. 今天天气怎么样？How is the weather today?What is the weather like today? 2. 你怎么啦？What is the matter with you?Whats your trouble?Whats wron

2、g with you?3. 是上学的时候了。Its time for school.Its time to go to school. 4. 这男孩今天16岁了。The boy is sixteen (years old).The boy is at the age of sixteen.He is a boy of sixteen. 5. 我把门打开你不介意吧？Do you mind if I open the door?Do you mind my opening the door? 6. 他每天花1小时做作业。It takes him an hour to do his homework

3、 every day.He spends an hour (in) doing his homework every day. He spends an hour on his homework every day. 7. 自从1992年以来上海发生了巨大的变化。Great changes have taken place in Shanghai since 1992.There have been great changes in Shanghai since 1992.Shanghai has changed a lot since 1992.8. 她的父亲去世5年了。Her father

4、 died five years ago.Her father has been dead for five years.It is five years since her father died.(这里用It has been five years亦可。)9. 我没有钢笔和铅笔。I have no pens and no pencils. I have neither pens nor pencils.I have no pens or pencils.(no = not any, 所以可用not any代替no)I havent any pens or pencils. 10. 她是班级

5、中个子最高的。She is the tallest student in her class.She is taller than any other students in her class.She is taller than any of the other students in her class. She is taller than anyone else in her class.No one is taller than she in her class.No one is as tall as she in her class. 11. 晚饭后他们继续做作业。After

6、supper, they went on doing their homework. After supper, they went ahead with their homework. After supper, they went on with their homework. 12. 他们准备吃中饭了。They are getting ready for lunch.They are getting ready to have lunch. 13. 我将尽力帮助你。Ill try my best to help you.Ill do my best to help you. 14. 他急

7、急忙忙赶到家。He hurried home.He went home in a hurry.He went home hurriedly. 15. 他好像知道这件事情。He seems to know about it.It seems that he knows about it. 16. 我父母都不忙。Neither my father nor my mother is busy.Neither of my parents is busy.Both of my parents are free. 17. 她害怕晚上一个人出去。She fears to go out alone at ni

8、ght.She is afraid to go out alone at night.She is afraid to go out by herself at night.She is frightened to go out alone at night. 18. 他不仅对数学感兴趣，而且对英语也感兴趣。He is interested not only in maths but also in English.He is interested both in maths and in English. He is interested in English as well as in m

9、aths.He is interested in English and in maths as well. 19. 他们是昨天到上海的。They arrived in Shanghai yesterday.They reached Shanghai yesterday.They got to Shanghai yesterday. 20. 他需要帮助。He needs help. He is in need of help. 21. 他叔叔上次乘火车去北京。His uncle went to Beijing by train last time.His uncle took a train

10、to Beijing last time.His uncle went to Beijing on a train last time. 22. 这机器没有毛病。Theres nothing wrong with the machine.There isnt anything wrong with the machine.Nothing is wrong with the machine. 二、双宾语之间的转换1.give sb. sth.give sth. to sb.hand sb. sth.hand sth. to sb.show sb. sth.show sth. to sb.pass

11、 sb. sth.pass sth. to sb.lend sb. sth.lend sth. to sb.bring sb. sth.bring sth. to sb.send sb. sth.send sth. to sb. 2.draw sb. sth.draw sth. for sb.make sb. sth. make sth. for sb.buy sb. sth.buy sth. for sb.sing sb. sth.sing sth. for sb.三、近义词或词组之间的转换1. about or so around 2. at once right now immediat

12、ely 3. be full of be filled with 4. circle move around 5. catch understand follow 6. catch a cold have a cold get a cold 7. be ill be sick 8. make something + 形容词 get something + 形容词9. look out be careful 10. how about what about 11. finally at last in the end 12. more than over 13. happen take plac

13、e 14. look after take care of 15. no longer notany longer 16. change into turn into 17. after twenty minutes twenty minutes lager18. nearly almost 19. rain hard rain heavily 20. set out set off start 21. have a bad cough cough a lot 22. all over the country throughout the country23. all the world th

14、e whole world 24. by supper time before supper 25. ask sb. to repair sth. have sth. repaired 四、动词与名词之间的转换1. apologize to somebody make an apology to somebody 2. promise to do make a promise to do 3. walk have a walk take a walk 4. look have (take) a look 5. talk have a talk 6. read something do some

15、 reading 7. wash something do some washing 8. clean something do some cleaning 五、复合句转变为简单句(一) 状语从句不定式sothatcanenough tosothatcantooto或notenough to1. The boy is so young that he cant go to school.The boy is too young to go to school.The boy is not old enough to go to school. 2.Tom is so strong that h

16、e can lift the heavy box.Tom is strong enough to lift the heavy box. in order thatin order to3.He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus.He got up early in order to catch the early bus.(二)宾语从句不定式(宾语从句用疑问词引导)1. I dont know what I should do. I dont know what to do. 2. I dont know how

17、I can get to the station.I dont know how to get to the station. 3. They want to know where they will go.They want to know where to go. (三)宾语从句现在分词短语 (see sb. doing sth.)1. They saw that an old man was running after the dog in the street. They saw an old man running after the dog in the street. 2. I

18、felt that the house was shaking. I felt the house shaking. 六、并列句转变为复合句(一)用so连接的并列句原因状语从句（注意因果关系）1. He got up late, so he didnt go to school on time yesterday. He didnt go to school on time yesterday because he got up late. 2. Mr. Black was ill, so she was taking over a class for him. She was taking

19、over a class for Mr. Black because he was ill. (二)用but连接的并列句让步状语从句1. Jenny was a good girl, but she had a shortcoming. Though Jenny was a good girl, she had a shortcoming. 2. Zhang Ling likes English, but he needs help. Though/Although Zhang Ling likes English, he needs help. (三)条件状语从句祈使句，and/or + 简

20、单句1. If you use your head, youll find a way.Use your head, and youll find a way. 2. If you dont hurry, youll miss the train.Hurry up, or youll miss the train. 七、状语从句间的转变（意义相同）(一)when, after引导的时间状语从句notuntil 1. I will believe it when I hear it with my own ears.I wont believe it until I hear it with m

21、y own ears. 2.They left the classroom after they finished their work. They didnt leave the classroom until they finished their work. (二)以if not引导的状语从句unless从句1. If you dont hurry, youll be late.Youll be late unless you hurry. 2. If you dont work hard, you wont pass the exam. You wont pass the exam u

22、nless you work hard. Exercise 一、把下列简单句改成复合句，或把复合句改成简单句：1. Could you tell me how to go to the nearest hospital?_2. We dont know how we can help him._3. Have you decided where you are going to spend your holidays?_4. I have no idea when to have a sports meet._5. How to do more good deeds for the peopl

23、e is a big problem. _6. He set off so early that he could catch the early bus. _7. He is tall enough to reach the table. _8. The room is too small for us to live in. _二、按要求改写句子：1. I knew nothing about it before he told me. (用notuntil改写)_2. He doesnt study English. His brother doesnt study English, e

24、ither. (用neithernor改写)_3. My father goes to bed late, but gets up early. (改为复合句)_4. Mike is old, but he is strong. (改为复合句)_5. Listen to the teacher carefully, and you will understand him. (改为复合句)_6. Hurry up, or you will be late. (改为复合句)_7. The film is so interesting that we all enjoy it. (改为简单句)_8.

25、 Though you have done wrong, you are truly sorry about it. (改为并列句)_9. I havent been to Beijing, so I will go there for my holidays. (改为复合句)_10. At the age of ten he began to study English. (改为复合句)_11. Is an elephant bigger than a horse?(改为并列句)_12. We saw that she was dancing in the classroom. (改为简单句

26、)_13. If you dont do these exercises yourself, you will learn nothing. (用unless改成复合句)_14. A map is on page five. (用there be改写)_15. She is frightened to go through the forest alone. (用be afraid to do改写)_16. They are very happy to see each other. (用it形式主语改写)_17. He apologized for breaking the window.

27、(用宾语从句改写)_18. I hope that I will pass the exam this time. (用简单句改写)_19. It seems that he is a doctor. (用he作主语改写) _20. Ask him his age. (用宾语从句改写)_三、填上适当的词，使上下句句意相同（每格一词）：1. What is wrong with you? What is the _with you?Whats your _? 2. Has he paid you the money?Has he paid the money _you?3. She bought

28、 me a magazine on her way home.She bought a magazine _me on her way home. 4. The Changjiang River is among the longest rivers in the world. The Changjiang River is _ _ the longest rivers in the world. 5. She is the cleverest girl in her class.She is _than any other girl in her class.6. Only one day

29、has passed since he came home.It _only _ _since he came home. 7. Its time for the meeting, Robert!Its time _Robert _ _ a meeting. 8. I open the window, do you mind? Do you mind my _the window?9. A clock has no legs and no arms. but it can work.A clock has _legs _arms, but it can work. 10. Dr. Bethun

30、e didnt leave, he went on with his operation. Dr. Bethune didnt leave, he went on _.11. Its too late. He hurried into the classroom.Its too late. He _ _the classroom _ _ _.12. He doesnt need any help.He _in _ _ _ any help. 13. She dare not stay there alone.She _dare to stay there _ _. 14. There are

31、about eighty people in the room.There are _eighty people in the room. There are eighty people _ _ in the room. 15. You must look after the sick man. You must _ _ _ the sick man. 16. Something is wrong with the TV set. I must ask Mr. Li to repair it. _ _something wrong with the TV set. I _ _the TV se

32、t _. 17. Its very dark. I cant see the picture clearly. Its _dark _I _see the picture clearly. Its _dark _ _to see the picture clearly. Its _ _enough for me to see the picture clearly. 18. I borrowed a book from her.She _ _a book.A book _ _to me. 19. He likes jumping better than running.He _jumping _running. 20. You mustnt eat with dirty hands._eat with dirty hands.You are not _to eat with dirty hands.