语下册-Unit-4-Don’t-eat-in-class课文重难点讲解(新版)新人教版(DOC 11页).doc

1、Unit 4 Don eat in class.课文重难点讲解【教师寄语】：Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇Section A1. Dont arrive late for class. You must be on time. 上课不要迟到，你必须准时【解析1】 arrive v 到达，抵达 arrive in+ 大地点 /arrive at + 小地点=reach+地点 =get to +地点 到达某地 ( ) Betty arrived_ London _ the morning of June 1st. A. at; in B. at

2、; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) My father arrived _ Beijing _ a cold morning.A. in; in B. at; in C. in; on( ) When did you _ there? The day before yesterday. A. arrive in B. get to C. reach【注】： 如果arrive/get 后接地点副词( here, there , home等)时， 介词要省略。 get home 到家 arrive there 达到那里 【解析2】be late for “迟到”（固定短语）

3、( ) Jim is often _ for school. A. late B. lately C. later D. much lately【解析3】on time/ in time (1) on time= at the right time “准时，按时”(不早不晚) The train came in on time. 火车准时进站(2) in time 指“及时”， 表示动作在规定的时间内或提前发生。 Youll get there just in time . 你会及时到达那儿的。2. Dont fight . 不要打架。【解析】fight fought v 打架 have a

4、fight with sb. 和某人打架3. Listen to music in the classroom or hallway. 在教室或过道上听音乐 【解析】 Listen / hear 辨析【相同点】：听 【不同点】(1) listen 强调听的动作，意为“听”。后接宾语时，必须加介词to. Mr. Wu asked students to listen to him carefully.(2) hear 强调听的结果，意为“听到”。后直接跟宾语。 I can hear a girl singing.( ) _! Someone is singing upstairs. It mus

5、t be Maria. She likes listening _ music and singing. A. Look; with B. Say; to C. Listen; to D. Come; with4. And we always have to wear the school uniform. 并且我们要一直穿校服【解析1】have to 不得不 ，后接动词原形，表示由于客观需要不得不作某事 （1）肯定结构：主语+have to +动词原形+ 一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用has to ; 一般过去时，任何主语都用had to My mother is ill, I hav

6、e to stay at home and look after her.(2) 否定结构;主语+dont have to+动词原形+ 一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时用doesnt have to ; 一般过去时，任何主语都用didnt have to (3)疑问结构： Do/Does/Did +主语+have to +动词原形 must 必须，应当 表示人的主观看法 We must finish our homework every day.You have to give up smoking . (改为否定句) _.( ) Can you come to my party on Wed

7、nesday? Sorry, I cant . I _ finish my homework. A. may B. would C. have to【解析2】(1) wear v 穿着， 戴着 （强调穿的状态）=be in宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物、奖章等。He always wears a red T-shirt. (2) dressv给穿衣服 宾语通常是人dress sb. 给别人穿衣服（动作）dress oneself 自己穿上衣服（动作）get dressed 穿上衣服（动作）Mysonisnowabletodresshimself.我儿子现在自己会穿衣服了。【解析3】puton“穿

8、上、戴上”，强调“穿”“戴”的动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。Putonyourcoatifyou want to go out .如果你要出去，穿上你的厚冬衣。( ) David, can you _ yourself? Of course , I can. A. dress B. put on C. wear5. This is a great school, but there are a lot of rules. 这是一所很好的学校， 但是有许多纪律【解析】but/ and/ or 辨析(1) but conj. “但是，可是” ,表示前后意思的转折。 Hes young , but he

9、plays the piano well.(2) and “和，又” 表并列，连接词与词、短语、句子等。 I bought Linda a present, and she liked it very much.(3) or “或者” , 表选择关系。 Can you play the piano or violin?( ) Money is very important, _ its not the most important(最重要的) thing. A. or B. and C. but D. so6. Can we bring music players to school? 我们可

10、以带音乐播放器到学校吗？【解析1】bring/ fetch/ take辨析(1)bring 是指“带来、领来、取来、送去”。 （从别处从别处往说话人这里拿） bring sb/sth to +地点 把某物带到某地 Bring your friend to the party. 请带你的朋友来参加聚会。fetch 是指“去拿来”，也就是说，既包括“去”的意思，又包括“来”的意思。 Can you fetch me a book.take 是指 “拿走、取走”。 （指从说话人这里往别处拿）Take the letter to the post office. 把这封信送到邮局去。( )The te

11、acher asked the students to _ their dictionaries here. A. bring B. take C. carry7. Oh，and we also have to be quiet in the library. 哦，在图书馆我们还必须安静。【解析】be quiet = keep quiet 保持安静。( ) Be _ ! My younger brother is doing his homework. A. quiet B. quietly C. quick D. quicklyI翻译下列短语1.在课上_ 2.学校规章制度_3.上学迟_ 4.

12、在过道_5.听音乐_ II、用所给单词适当形式填空1.She _（have）to be in bed by ten oclock.2. _ (not read)in the sun because its bad for your eyes.3. _（read）in the sun is bad for your health.4. Dont talk_ （loud）at home.5.The teacher told me _ (not be) late again.6. No _（talk） in class.7.Dont _（talk）in class.8 She _（not have）

13、to wear a uniform.Unit4 Don eat in class.课文重难点讲解Section B.& Self Check 1. on school nights 在上学日的晚上 【解析】1) on 表示具体的某天或某天的上午/下午/晚上 on a cold winter evening 在一个寒冷的冬夜2) at 表示某一具体的时刻 at ten oclock 在10点钟3) in 表示时间段 in the morning 在早上2. practice the guitar. 练习吉他 【解析】practice makes perfect . 熟能生巧practice do

14、ing sth. 练习做某事( ) I practice _ English every day, because I want to improve my oral English. A. to say B. saying C. to speak D. speaking3. help his mom make breakfast. 帮妈妈做早饭 【解析】help sb.(to) do sth = help sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事【拓展】 help oneself to sth 随便吃某物 cant help doing sth 禁不住做某事 with the help of

15、 sth在某人的帮助之下( ) Healthy food and exercise help _ to study better. A. us B. we C. our( ) Tony often helps her mother _ the housework on Saturday morning. A. to B. with C. for D. of 4. There are too many rules. 有太多的规矩了！【解析】1)too many 太多 后跟可数名词复数形式2) too much 太多，后跟不可数名词3) much too 太 ， 修饰形容词 ( ) Betty h

16、as _ books to read. A. too many B .too much C .much too D. too5. get up now and make your bed! 起床了，把被子折起来！【解析1】 get up 起床 【短语】 get on/along with sb. 与某人相处 get off 下车 get on 上车 【解析2】make ones bed 整理床铺【短语】 make faces 做鬼脸 make a mistake 犯错 make tea 沏茶 make sure 确保 make friends with 与交朋友( ) _ quickly ,

17、or youll be late for school. A. Get up B. To get up C. Getting up 6. “ Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!” 别把脏碗丢在厨房里【解析】leave v “搁， 放， 留下” leave sth +介词短语 把 某物遗忘在某地 I often leave my schoolbag at home.【拓展】forget v “忘记某物” ,指忘记具体的东西，不能与表示地点的词或短语连用 Dont forget the tickets and umbrella.( ) He al

18、ways _ his homework at home. A. forget B. forgets C. leave D. leaves7. I never have fun.我从未开心过！【解析】have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过的愉快have fun doing sth 很开心做某事单元短语集锦： 1.have to 不得不，必须 2.the Childrens Place 少年宫 3.no talking 禁止讲话 4.be late for class 上学迟到 5.in the hallways 在走廊里 6.list

19、en to music 听音乐 7.after school 放学后 8.sports shoes 运动鞋9.on school nights 在上学的晚上 10.make dinner 做饭 11.clean the room 打扫房间 12.wash clothes 洗衣服Exercise :I. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. Tina _(have) to wash her clothes today.2. _(not eat) in the hallways.3. Can we _(put) the books in the desk?4. They had to _(go) to th

20、e bed before nine oclock.5. Tom _(not have) eggs for breakfast in the morning.6. Dont talk so _ (loud)! The child is sleeping.7. Maria, _(do) your homework every day .8. I enjoy _ (listen) to pop music very much.9. There are too many _ (rule) in my school.10. After dinner, I have to help my sister _

21、 (learn)English.11. She has to go home _(make) dinner.12. His mother always makes him_(clean) his room on weekends.II. 单项选择( ) 1. She doesnt _ wear a uniform. She can wear a shirt. A. have to B. has to C. / D. have( )2. Dont listen to music_ class. A. in B. on C. in the D. for( )3. She has _ rules i

22、n her house. A. too much B. much too C. too many D. lot of( )4. Mike _to school very early every day. A. arrives B. gets C. reaches D. arrive( )5. His sister is ill _for two days. A. in the bed B. in bed C. on the bed D. on bed( )6. A kid_ breakfast every morning, because its good for his health. A.

23、 have to B. has to C. has to have D. has to has( )7. You can watch TV _school nights. A. in B. on C. to D. by( )8.- Do you want _? No, thanks. A. else anything B. anything else C. something else D. else something( )9.On weekends I go to my grandparents home _them do the cleaning. A. help B. to help

24、C. helped D. helping( )10. Its raining all day, so I _stay at home. A. must B. have to C. must to D. can ( )11.Be sure to get home_9 oclock on Sunday. A. in B. on C. to D. by( )12. I have _homework to do today. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. very( )13. Dont talk _in the reading room. (阅览室) A

25、. loud B. loudly C. low D. lowly( )14. Can you swim? -_. And Im good at it. A. No, I can. B. Yes, I cant. C. Yes, I can. D. No, I cant.( )15. She practices _ English_. A. speaking, everyday B. to speak, every dayC. saying, everyday D. speaking, every day( )16. There is _milk on the floor. A . too ma

26、ny B. too much( )17. There are _rules in my family. A. too many B. too much( )18. Please help me _ French. A. speaking B speak单元语法专讲：语法专讲(一) ：祈使句祈使句 通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。1)Be型（即系动词原型be+表语其他）。如：Be quiet, please.否定句Dont + be+表语+其他。如：Dont be angry.2)Do型（即实义动词原形宾语其他）。如：O

27、pen you books ,please. 否定句Dont +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如：Dont eat in the classroom.3)Let型（即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他）如：Let me help you.Lets go at six oclock.否定句一般在宾语后加not。如：Lets not watch TV.4)No+ V-ing型（此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中，意为“禁止做某事“）如：No smoking!严禁吸烟！No talking! 不许交谈！No passing!禁止通行！No parking!不许停车语法专讲(二) ：情态动词have to 的用

28、法情态动词haveto的用法，意思是必须、不得不，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。（1）结构：主语haveto动词原形（主语是第三人称单数时，用hasto） Wehaveto （穿）sneakersforgymclass.在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。Tomhasto （练习）guitareveryday.汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。（2） 否定形式：主语donthaveto do sth. = 主语+ neednt do sth. 常翻译成“ .没必要做某事，不必.”（单三人称时，用doesnthaveto. neednt 适合任何主语）如：Nick wearauniform.尼克不必穿制服。

29、We doourhomeworkatonce.我们不必马上完成作业I dont have to go to school today. = I neednt go to school today.（3）疑问句：Do/Does主语haveto动词原形其他如： you stayathomeonweekends?周末你必须呆在家里吗？Yes,Ido./No,Idont.练习：一、用所给词的正确形式填空。1.Please ask your brother _(give) me a call this evening.2.Do you enjoy _(listen) to light music?3.Y

30、oud better _(not go) out now. Its too late.4.Stop _(talk) .Lets begin our class.5.Dont forget _(bring) your dictionary here.6.Jeff wants _( learn) how to staff.7.Would you like _(have) a cup of coffee?二、单项选择( ) 1.Come in and _ down, please. A. to sit B. sat C. sit D. sitting( ) 2.Its time for class.

31、_ quiet, please. A.I s B. Are C. Be D. Do( ) 3.Lets _ basketball after school. A. to play B. playing C. played D. play( ) 4._ sleep too late. Its not good for your health. A. Not B. No C. Dont D. Cant( ) 5.Lets _ in class. A. dont talk B. doesnt talk C. didnt talk D. not talk( ) 6.Dont listen to mus

32、ic _class. A. in B. on C. in the D. for( ) 7.Please _late for the meeting. A. arent B. isnt C. not arrive D. dont arrive( ) 8.My parents _Shanghai last Friday. A. arrived B. reached C. arrived at D. got( ) 9.He _ stay at home because it was raining hard . A. must B. have to C. had to D. has( ) 10.St

33、op _ .Listen _ to me, please. A. talk; to B. to talk; at C. talking; to D. talking; to101下列温度最接近23 的是(C)A人体的正常体温B北方冬季的平均气温C让人感觉温暖、舒适的房间温度D冰水混合物的温度2当温度发生变化时，物质的状态通常会发生变化。下列现象中物态变化判断正确的是(C)A初秋的早晨，草叶上出现的晶莹剔透的露珠属于固态变为液态现象B晒在太阳下的湿衣服变干是气态变为液态现象C擦在皮肤上的酒精很快变干是液态变为气态现象D初冬树上的霜是液态变为固态现象3下面是四位同学用温度计测水温的实验操作过程，其

34、中正确的是(C)4在测量水的温度时，甲、乙、丙三位同学按如图所示方法读数，正确的是_乙_，水的温度是_42_，温度计的工作原理是利用液体的_热胀冷缩_。5摄氏温度规定，在标准大气压下，沸水的温度为(B)A.120 B.100 C.90 D.80 6.下列温度值最接近实际的是(B)A健康成年人的体温是39 B让人感觉温暖而舒适的室内温度是25C洗澡时淋浴的适宜水温是60 第一节 物态变化与温度D在一个标准大气压下盐水的凝固点是0 7下面分别表示几位同学在“练习用温度计测液体的温度”实验中的做法，正确的是(D)8如图所示的温度计，关于它的说法正确的是(D)A该温度计是根据固体热胀冷缩的原理制成的B

35、在使用该温度计测量物体温度时，可以离开被测物体读数C该温度计的量程是20 100 D该温度计此时的示数约为21 9.如图所示是实验室常用温度计，关于它的说法正确的是(A)A该温度计的示数为39 B该温度计的分度值是0.1 C常用温度计是根据固体热胀冷缩的原理制成的D在使用该温度计测量物体温度时，可以离开被测物体读数10物质通常有三种状态：_固_态、_液_态和_气_态。在1个标准大气压下5 的酒精、氢气、铁三种物质中，有固定的体积和形状的是_铁_，既没有固定的体积又没有固定的形状的是_氢气_。11把糖、醋、白雾、碗、勺子、味精、水蒸气、二氧化碳、干冰按物质的状态进行分类：属于气态的是_；属于液态

36、的是_；属于固态的是_。(均填序号)12气象学里的平均气温是一日当中的2时、8时、14时、20时这四个时刻气温的平均值，若某地某日这四个时刻的气温如图所示，则此地的最高气温是_5 _，最低气温是_2 _，一天的温差为_7 _，平均气温是_1.25 _。13在寒冷的冬天，河面上结了一层厚厚的冰，若冰面上方气温是10 ，那么，下列说法中正确的是(A)A冰的上表面为10 ，下表面是0 B整个冰层的温度都是10 C整个冰层的温度都是0 D冰层下表面的温度是10 14.科学家发明了一种世界上最小的温度计“碳纳米管温度计”。研究人员在长约106米，直径107米的碳纳米管中充入液态的金属镓，当温度升高时，管

37、中的金属镓会膨胀，通过电子显微镜就可读出温度值。其测量范围为18 490 ，且精确度高，可用于检查电子线路是否异常毛细血管的温度等许多方面。根据以上信息，你认为下列推测错误的是(C)A碳纳米管的体积在18 490 之间随温度变化很小，可忽略不计B金属镓的熔点很低，沸点很高C金属镓的体积在18490之间随温度变化很小，可忽略不计D金属镓的体积在18490之间随温度变化比较均匀15如图所示，甲是体温计，乙是实验室用温度计，它们都是利用液体_热胀冷缩_的性质制成的。可用来测沸水温度的是_乙_；没有甩过的体温计的读数是38，用两支这样的体温计给两个病人测体温，如果病人的体温分别是37.3和38.6，则

38、这两支体温计的读数将分别是_38_和_38.6_。16如图所示是小明同学设计的一个气体温度计的示意图。瓶中装的是气体，瓶塞不漏气，弯管中间有一段液柱。(1)这个温度计是根据_气体_的热胀冷缩来测量温度的。(2)将此装置放在室内，温度升高时液柱向_左_(选填“左”或“右”)移动。(3)若放到冰水混合物中，液柱处的刻度应标_0_。(4)该温度计测量温度时_会_(选填“会或“不会”)受到大气压的影响17有一只刻度均匀，但实际测量不准确的温度计，把它放在冰水混合物中，示数是4 ；把它放在1标准大气压下的沸水中，示数是94 。把它放在某种液体中时，示数是22 ，则该液体的实际温度是_20 _，当把该温度

39、计放入实际温度为40 的温水中时，温度计的示数为_40 _。第四节 地球上的水循1水是生命的乳汁、经济的命脉，是自然界奉献给人类的宝贵资源。下列关于地球上的水循环和水资源，认知正确的是(A)A水循环的过程伴随着水的物态变化过程B水循环按照固态液态气态的固定顺序循环进行C地球上的淡水大约占地球总水量的3%，淡水资源丰富D大量开采地下水，对环境不会造成损害，可以解决部分地区饮水问题2霜、露、雾、冰、“白气”中，由液化而形成的是(C)A霜、雾、“白气” B霜、露、“白气”C露、雾、“白气” D露、雾、冰3冬天晾在室外的湿衣服里的水会结成冰，但是冰冻的湿衣服也能晾干，这是因为_衣服上的冰升华成水蒸气了

40、_。4有下列物态变化：洒在地上的水慢慢变干的过程；放入衣箱中的樟脑球变小的过程；冬天室内的水蒸气在玻璃窗上形成“冰花”的过程；出炉的钢水变成钢锭的过程。其中属于凝华的是_，属于吸热过程的是_(填写序号)。5.有一天，雨、露、冰、雪四姐妹在一起争论自己的出生由来，谁也不认同谁。下列她们的说法中，你认为正确的是(C)A雨说：我是水汽化而来B露说：我是水蒸气凝华而来C冰说：我是水凝固而来D雪说：我是水升华而来6.对下列现象的成因解释正确的是(D)A早春，河中的冰逐渐消融汽化B盛夏，剥开包装纸后冰棒会冒“白气”熔化C深秋，清晨的雾在太阳出来后散去液化D严冬，堆起的雪人逐渐变小升华7.下列有关物态变化的叙述中正确的是(D)A蒸发和沸腾在任何温度下都能发生B烧水时在壶口上方看到的“白气”是水蒸气C衣柜里的樟脑丸逐渐减少是汽化现象D霜的形成是凝华现象，放出热量8.以下常见的物态变化实例中，放热的是(C)A春天，冰雪消融B夏天，积水干涸C秋天，草木上出现了霜D冬天，冰冻的衣服变干9.下列有关物态变化的判断，正确的是(C)A擦在皮肤上的酒精很快变干，是升华现象，需要吸热B夏天会看到冰棒周围冒“白气”，是汽化现象，需要吸热C秋天的早晨花草上出现小露珠，是液化现象，需要放热D寒冷的冬天室外飘起了雪花，是凝固现象，需要放热10关于自然界的水循环，下列说法中正确的是(C)A水蒸气