(完整版)新概念第一册lesson1-72重要句型知识点及语法点.doc

1、Key Points For NCE One Lesson 172一：重要会话1 Is this your ? Yes ,it is No, It isnt my umbrella ,Its your umbrella . 2 Nice to meet you 初次见面见到你很高兴 How do you do ? 3 Is she a French student or an English student ? She isnt a French student ,she is an English student .4 What nationality are you ?/ what is

2、your nationality ? I am Chinese (加某国家的人)5 Whats your/ his /her ? She/ he is a / an +职业（teacher, engineer ,policeman, housewife）6 Is she an air hostess ? yes ,she is / No ,she isnt Are you a milkman ? Yes ,I am7 How are you ? I am fine /ok How is she/he /具体人名 she/he /具体人名is fine / ok.8 Whose is this

3、shirt? This is my/your /his/ her/具体人名s(比如Jacks) shirt 9 What color is your new dress? Its grey/ brown/black /10 Come upstairs and see it 到楼上看看。11Are your friends Danish ? No they arent ,they are Swedish.12 Are these your tickets ? Yes ,they are . what color are your shoes? They are black .13 What is

4、 the matter with you ? I am tired and thirsty . 你怎么了啊？ 我又累又渴。14 Are you all right now ? 你现在好些了吗/15 Give me/him/ her/ us/ them a book . which one ? The white one or the red one ? Give me/him/ her/ us/ them some books . which ones ? The white ones or the red ones? 16 Where is it ? It is in the middle

5、of the room. Where are the trousers ? They are on the bed.17 What must I do ? You must take off you coat .18 What is he /she/it doing? He/she/it is making the bed / typing the letters.19 What are you going to do ?(你打算做某事，还未做) I am going to paint the bookcase (我准备给书架上色) What are you doing (正在做某事) I a

6、m painting the bookcase (我正在给书架上色)20 What are you going to with vase (你打算怎么处理那个花瓶) I am going to send it to my teacher (我打算送给我老师)21 Is there a passport here ? Yes ,there is ,there is one on the table Is there any bread (不可数)here ？ Yes ,there is some on the table .23 Do you like coffee ? Yes ,I do No

7、 ,I dont Does she /he /具体的人 like coffee ? yes ,she does Do you want a cup of coffee ? Yes ,please No ,thanks 24 Where do you come from ? I come from +国家名25 Whats the weather like in your country? It is pleasant .26 Which seasons do you like best ? I like spring best= my favorite season is spring .27

8、 What does she do in the morning ? She often dusts the cupboard in the morning .28 Whats the matter with him ? What must he do ? She has a toothache ,so she must see the dentist.29 Dont play with matches 不要玩火柴 You mustnt play with matches 你不应该玩火柴 （mustnt 不准）You must go to bed (must ：应该)二 重要词组1 Excus

9、e me 打扰一下 2 go to school 去上学/ go to the school 去学校 3 come from =be from 来自4 on the right /left 在右边/左边 5 in the middle of 在中间 6 near the window 在窗户旁边7 make the bed 铺床 8 open the window and air the room 打开窗户给房间通通气 9 empty the basket 清空篮子10 put on 穿上 11 take off 脱掉 12 turn on the light 开灯 13 turn off t

10、he light 关灯 14 turn up 声音调高 15 turn down 调低 16 run after 追逐 17 type a letter 打信 18 clean the tooth 刷牙19 paint +东西+颜色 把漆成 20 work hard 工作努力 21 next door 隔壁 22 to tell the truth 老实说23 by +交通工具，表乘 on foot 步行 go to school by bus =take a bus to school ,乘车去上学 Walk to school =go to school on foot 走路去学校 提问用

11、how 如 How do you go to school ?24 have a cold 感冒 have a temperature /headache/stomachache/ toothache发烧/头痛/胃痛/牙痛25 see a doctor/dentist 看医生/牙医 26 take the medicine 服药 27 come upstairs 上楼 go downstairs 下楼28 keep the room warm 使房间保持暖和 29 stay in bed for another two days 卧床再两天 30 play with matches 玩火柴 3

12、1 make a noise 弄出噪音 32 the key to the door 门的钥匙31 enjoy yourself =have a good time 玩的开心 32 at the butcher/hairdresser/stationers/doctors 在肉店/理发店/文具店32 hundreds of 数以百计的 one hundred / two hundred （具体数字+hundred） 33 on the way home /on the way to school 在回家路上/在去学校路上 34 answer the phone 接电话35 be absent

13、from school 学校缺课 36 go to bed 去睡觉 37 get up 起床36 get on/off(the bus) 上/下车 get ready for 为.作准备 get oneself dressed 自己穿衣服 get in 进入，收集 get sb.sth. =get sth.for sb. 为某人买某物 get on/along well with sb/sth. 与某人相处很好，.进展顺利三 单词归类 1形容词的反义词 Fatthin ,tall/longshort ,dirtyclean ,hotcold ,oldyoung /new ,busylazy ,

14、bigsmall, openshut, lightheavy, Emptyfull, largelittle, sharpblunt ,freshstale ,earlylate ,rightleft 2 表职业的词（jobs）：keyboard operator ,engineer ,policeman ,policewoman, taxidriver ,air hostess ,postman ,nurse ,mechanic , hairdresser ,housewife , milkman ,butcher ,teacher ,boss , sales reps, office as

15、sistant ,baker 3 表颜色的词（colors）:blue ,white ,green ,brown ,grey, black ,yellow ,orange ,purple ,pink ,red 4 Meat : beef ,steak ,lamb ,chicken ,pork ,mince ,5动词catch, give, shut, open, sweep, put dust, empty, sharpen, climb ,type ,eat ,clean ,cook ,walk ,sleep .shave ,cry ,wash ,wait ,jump ,paint ,wor

16、k ,drop ,show ,send ,take ,find ,lift ,want , rain ,snow ,rise ,set ,stay ,remain ,break ,drive ,talk ,enjoy ,hear ,spend ,answer ,boil 6 stationery (文具) glue ,envelope ,writing paper ,chalk ,pad ,glue ,newspaper ,magazine 7 groceries (杂货) cheese ,honey ,butter ,jam ,biscuit ,tobacco , ,chocolate ,c

17、offee ,tea, sugar ,cigarette 8 vegetables : tomato ,potato ,cabbage ,lettuce ,pea ,bean 9 fruits : strawberry ,watermelon ,pineapple ,mango ,peach ,grape ,coconut ,10 家具：desk ,table .plate ,cupboard ,television ,floor ,dressing table ,stereo ,refrigerator ,electric cooker ,wardrobe 11国家名及人（见书p108,10

18、4 KoreaKorean ,ChinaChinese ,JapanJapanese ,FranceFrench ,GermanyGerman）12 东南西北 east ,south ,west ,north 春夏秋冬 spring ,summer ,autumn ,winter13 星期： Monday ,Tuesday ,Wednesday ,Thursday, Friday ,Saturday ,Sunday )14 月份p10215clothes : tie ,dress ,blouse ,shirt ,skirt ,coat ,hat ,四语法部分1. There be 结构 英语中

19、常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。举例 There is a river near our school.否：There is not a river near our school. 问：Is there a river near our school. 回答：Yes, there is. No, there isnt. 划How many rivers are there near our school? Whats near our school?注意：There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。比较：There are two girls and o

20、ne boy in the classroom There is one boy and two girls in.2 一般现在时 表示一般性，经常性的动作或一般性事实。标志性的词(1)含有be动词的句子 He is a teacher. Are Tim and Jack students? 变疑问句将be动词移到句首 Is he a teacher? Are Tim and Jack students?变否定句在be动词后面加not He is not a teacher. Tim and Jack are not students.肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he is. No, he

21、is not. Yes, they are. No, they are not.(2) 不含有be动词的句子，即含有一般动词的句子第三人称单数及单数名词 He likes books. 变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型 Does he like books? 变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesnt, 动词变为原型,原句中的动词不再有第三人称变化。He doesnt like books. 肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, he does. No, he doesnt. 注意：第三人称单数一般在动词后面加S，不要和名词复数混淆，变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。其他人称及复数名词 I

22、want to have a bath. We have some meat. The students like smart teachers.变疑问句在句首加do Do you want to have a bath? Do the students like smart teachers?变否定句在主语和动词之间加dont. You dont want to have a bath. The students dont like smart teachers. 肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, I do. No, I dont. Yes, they do. No, they dont. (3

23、) 标志性的词（everyday ,often ,always,often ,sometimes(4) 提问：How do you usually go to school ? What does she usually do 3 现在进行时 表示现在正在进行的动作。构成： 主语be动词动词的现在分词We are having lunch. The dog is running after a cat. The boys are swimming across the river.变疑问句将be动词移到句首Are we having lunch? Is the dog running afte

24、r a cat? Are the boys swimming across the river?变否定句在be动词后面加 notWe are not having lunch. The dog is not running after a cat. The boys are swimming across the river.特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑问词动词主语现在分词 What are you doing? What is she doing? What is the dog doing? 没有进行时的动词 表示状态，思想，感情和感觉

25、的动词不能表示正在进行的动作1. 表示感觉，感官的词 see, hear, like, love, want, 2. have, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时现在分词的形成：1）在动词后直接加ing 如cleaning ,reading 2)以e 结尾的去e加ing 如having dinner ,making the bed 3)双写最后一个字母(sitting ,swimming ,shutting ,putting )4 情态动词can 后面加动词原形肯定句 I can put my hat on She can make cakes 疑问句 把can提前 Can I put my h

26、at on ? Can she make cakes ? Yes ,she can ,No, she cant否定句 在can后加not I cant put my hat on . She cant make cakes5介词与表时间的名词的搭配At +某一时刻：at night / at noon / at dawn(黄昏)/midnight（午夜/at present /at the moment此刻/at grocers杂货店On : 表确定的某一天，生日，节日或某日的上下午晚上on Sunday/ on oct.1st/on Christmas eve /on the morning

27、 of childrens day /on my birthday/on a cold day .In +季节/年份/月份/早，下，晚上/ in the morning 6 时刻表达法：1)整点用oclock 2) 半点用half （6：30 half past six ） 3) 129 分的 用公式 “过了的时间+past + 整点“ （3：20 20 past three ） 4) 3159分用公式 “不到下一个整点的时间+to +(整点+1)” （ 1：58 two to two）7主格（放句子的最前面）宾格（放在动词的后面）形容词性物主代词（修饰名词）名词性物主代词I (I am a

28、girl )me (Give me a book)My (My name is SuSan)mineYou (You are beautiful)you (I love you)Your (This is your book)yoursHe (He is Chinese )him ( I show him my book)His ( His job is a teacher )hisShe ( She likes tea )her (Give her a pen)Her (Her shirt is white )hersIt (It is eating a bone )it ( put it

29、on)Its (Its name is Mimi)itsWe (We are friends )us (She loves us )Our ( These are our books)oursThey (They are my books )them (Give them some booksTheir (their jobs are engineers )theirs8 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词不可数名词无法分开的东西：water, tea, bread, milk, rice（米）抽象的东西：love, beauty, coldness（寒冷）不可数名词有以下特点： 不能用a, an修

30、饰 不能加s 和单数be动词或动词搭配可数名词：单数可数名词要用冠词修饰，复数可数名词要在名词后面加s,名词复数共有以下几种变化：规则变化的名词复数形式规则1一般情况+s e.g. shellshells bookbooks规则2以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. foxfoxes churchchurches, busbuses, watchwatches规则3以o结尾+s或+es e.g. potatopotatoes, NegroNegroes, heroheroes, tomatotomatoes，（口诀：黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿），剩下一般加s, radioradios规

31、则4以f, fe结尾的，变f, fe为ves e.g. lifelives halfhalves, shelfshelves, citycities, wifewives规则5以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i+es e.g. skyskies flyflies不规则变化的名词复数形式单数manwomanfootgoosetooth复数menwomenfeetgeese teeth单数childsheep deer mousefish复数children sheepdeermicefish9 some +可数名词复数或不可数名词 some apples , some milk Some 只用在肯定

32、句中，而在疑问句和否定句中要把some 改成any I want some tea -Do you want any tea -I dont want any tea . 10 any修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词，在口语中表示很多一般不用many, much, 而用a lot of, 在否定句中表示很多用many, much I have a lot of money. I dont have much money.11 a /an +可数名词单数 首字母发元音 +an an American girl ,an apple ,an English book .12 情态动词 can ,

33、must 后面跟动词原形 She can make the tea . -Can she make the tea -She cant make the tea . You must stay in bed for two days (你必须卧床两天) - You mustnt eat rich food 你不准吃油腻的实物 。13 祈使句（第二人称）祈使句表示请求，命令，建议，邀请等，谓语动词一律用原型，句子中通常不用主语肯定句 动词原型 例， Come here, please. Go downstairs, please. Stand up. Sit down. Be quiet. Be

34、 careful. 祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或者句尾Come in, Amy. Sit down here, Tom. Mary, give me a book please.否定：Dont+动词原型 Dont come here. Dont sit down. Dont stand up. Dont give me it.let sb. Do Let me pass. Let us have a rest. Lets have a rest.14 常见缩写：is=s I am=Im are=re is not=isnt/ iznt/ are not=arent /a:nt/ do not=dont does not=doesnt did not=didnt can not=cant have=ve has=shave not=havent has not=hasnt will=ll will not=wont shall not=sh