（英语）高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)试题(有答案和解析)含解析.doc

1、【英语】高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)试题(有答案和解析)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解 A PG-13 rating is a stricter warning by the Rating Board to parents to determine whether their children under age 13 should view the film. A PG-13 film may go beyond the PG rating in theme, violence, nudity (裸露), language, adult activities or other

2、 elements, but does not reach the restricted R category. The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG-13, although activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film. Any drug use will initially require at least a PG-1

3、3 rating. More than brief nudity will require at least a PG-13 rating, but such nudity in PG-13 rated film generally will not be sexually oriented. There may be violence scene in a PG-13 movie, but generally not both realistic and extreme or persistent violence. A single use of one of the rude words

4、 in a film, though only as an expletive (感叹语), initially requires at least a PG-13 rating. More than one such bad word requires an R rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context. The Rating Board nevertheless may rate such a film PG-13 if, based on a special vote by a two-thirds

5、majority, the Raters feel that most American parents would believe that a PG-13 rating is appropriate because of the context or manner in which the words are used or because the use of those words in the film is easily neglected.（1）What is the main goal of this passage? A.To discuss various movie ra

6、tings.B.To explain various movie ratings.C.To explain the difference between PG-13 and R movie ratings.D.To explain the PG-13 movie rating.（2）According to PG-13 rating, the theme of the movie _. A.has little impact on its ratingB.has a large impact on its ratingC.should be entertainingD.should be su

7、itable for children（3）From Paragraph 2, we can learn that drug usage _. A.should not be allowed in moviesB.is dangerousC.makes a PG-13 rating necessaryD.is not appropriate for children under 13（4）What does a movie with two or more uses of bad words require? A.A PG rating.B.A PG-13 rating.C.An R rati

8、ng.D.An NC-17 rating.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。PG-13级是电影分级委员会对家长发出的更严格的警告，目的是决定13岁以下的孩子是否应该看这部电影。文章介绍了PG-13电影分级。 （1）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文从主题、暴力、裸体、语言、成人活动方面解释了PG-13的电影分级。全文目的在于解释PG-13。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG-13, altho

9、ugh activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film.”，电影的主题本身不会导致评级大于PG-13，尽管在电影中出现的与成熟主题相关的活动可能会导致对电影的限制评级。此可知，电影的主题对PG-13评级影响不大。故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Any drug use will initially require at least a PG-13 rating.”任何药物使用最初都需要至少达到PG-13级别。可知，药物使用使P

10、G-13评级是必要的。故选C。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“More than one such bad word requires an R rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context.”，一部有两个或两个以上脏话用法的电影需要满足R级。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 The United States is home to 562 recognized Americ

11、an Indian Nations each with its own language. Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribes language has decreased over the past century. Now, Indian Nations are trying different ways to expand the number of native speakers, and increase interest in their communities to

12、learn tribal languages. Since the late 1800s many American Indian children have attended boarding schools. At that time, Indian children were required to attend schools by law, and the government forced Indian families to send their children to such schools. The children were separated from their fa

13、milies. and given English name The teachers often taught native American students in English, instead of the language of their parents. They were told they needed to learn English in order to get a job, earn money and buy a house or nice things. However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the In

14、dian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members. At least one organization is turning to modern technology-The Sealaska Heritage Institute, a nonprofit group, has developed two apps for speakers of the Tlingit language. The Learning Tlingit app serves

15、as a reference for important language topics such as conversation phrases, number, and letters. The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left. in addition, very few young people are able to speak Tlin

16、git. Currently there are two apps, called Learning Tlingit and Tlingit Language Games. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a language guide. It provides Tlingit words and expressions, the tribal alphabet, as well as a basic list of the words included. With the Tlingit Language Games app, users are gi

17、ven a choice of different places of environments, like a house, forest or ocean.（1）What is the problem the native Americans are facing now? A.The number of native Americans has been increasing.B.Fewer and fewer native Americans speak their own language.C.Their native language has been extinct.D.Its

18、hard to increase the interest of hearing native languages.（2）What will be the result if more and more native Americans only speak English? A.They will get better jobs and higher pay.B.They will teach their own children to speak English.C.They will lose their history and culture.D.They will get along

19、 well with the government.（3）What can we know about Tlingit? A.It can help the native people know some language topics.B.It can help the: native people earn money and buy a. house or nice thingsC.It is a very popular app among the native speakersD.It is a native language spoken by fewer than 200 peo

20、ple.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.American Indian tribes efforts to increase native speakers.B.Reasons for the disappearance of some American Indian languages.C.Ways to help the native tribes lead a traditional life.D.The popularity of the language learning apps.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解

21、析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法来增加本族语言的使用，否则，他们的本族语言将面临严重的危机。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribes language has decreased over the past century. ”但是能说他们本族语言的本地美国人的数量在过去的一个世纪中已将减少。可知，会说本族语的美国土著的人数在过去的一个多世纪中已经减少了，故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“However, fe

22、aring a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members.”然而，害怕失去自己的历史和文化，许多印第安部落尝试新的方法来提升族人的本族语使用能力。可知，如果越来越多的族人只说英语，他们将会失去自己的历史和文化。故选C。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第九段中的“The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly

23、in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left.”特林吉特部落有大约一万人。他们主要居住在阿拉斯加东南部。但是就2013年的统计，这个部落只有125人可以说自己民族的语言，可知，现在仅仅有不到两百人可以说这种语言了，故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美国印第安人在民族语言方面面临的处境以及这一处境引起的担忧，最后四段提出了针对这一问题的解决方案：美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）来增加本族语使用人数。选项A中efforts能凸显人们这一问题的担心及在努力寻求

24、解决方案方面所做的努力。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 A music festival is a community event focusingon live performances of singing and instrument playing that is often presentedwith a theme. On the list are the music festivals for fans around the worl

25、d.Find your favorite now! Field Day January 1, 2018. Sydney Field Pay means New Years Day for young peoplein Sydney. Seen as the citys original multistage party, its a gathering of friends comingtogether for a great fun - filled first day of the year. Theres an air of hopeand positive energy on a pe

26、rfect summers day. The Envision Festival February 22 25, 2018, Uvita The Envision Festival is an annual gathering inCosta Rica that aims to provide anopportunityfor different cultures to work with one another to create a better community.The festival encourages people to practice art, music, dance p

27、erformances, andeducation. Meanwhile, our connection with nature is expected to bestrengthened. The McDowell Mountain Music Festival March 2 - 4, 2018, Phoenix The McDowell Mountain Music Festival is Phoenix、musicalcelera ,on of community culture. Since its founding in 2004 f it is the only100% non

28、profit music festival designed to support, entertain and educate thecommunity. The festival attracts thousands of visitors each year from aroundthe country, and it is an opportunity to experience true culture. The Old Settlers Music Festival April 19 - 22, 2018, Dale The Old Settlers Music Festival

29、is a nationallyknown music festival for American music. The festival is held in the country ofTexas at the height of the wild flower season. The Old Settlers Music Festivaloffers great music and activities for the whole family.（1）In which city can people enjoy a fun New Years Day? A.PhoenixB.Uvita.C

30、.SydneyD.Dale（2）What is special about the McDowell Mountain Music Festival? A.It encourages people to receive education.B.It is not aimed at making money.C.It provides an opportunity for friend gathering.D.It focuses on cultural exchanges.（3）Which festivals are connected with nature? A.Field Day and

31、 the Envision Festival.B.The Envision Festival and the McDowell Mountain Music Festival.C.The Old Settlers Music Festival and the McDowll McDowell Mountain Music Festival.D.The Envision Festival and the Old Settlers Music Festival.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地的四个受欢迎的音乐节：讲述了节日举行的时间和节日特色。（

32、1）考查细节理解。根据Field Day部分中的“Field Pay means New Years Day for young people in Sydney.”可知，Field Day对于年轻人来说意味着新年，因此人们在悉尼能够享受有趣的新年。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据The McDowell Mountain Music Festival部分中的“Since its founding in 2004 f it is the only 100% non - profit music festival designed to support, entertain and educat

33、e the community.”可知，自从建立以来，这个节日一直是非盈利的音乐节。因此推断它的目的不是赚钱。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据The Envision Festival部分中的“Meanwhile, our connection with nature is expected to be strengthened.”和The Old Settlers Music Festival部分提到的“The festival is held in the country of Texas at the height of the wild flower season.”可知，这两个音乐节

34、与大自然有关。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 Entrepreneur and CEO of Tesla and Space X, Eldon Musk may have a little more time on his hands, as hes leaving his position on the board of the Open Al, according to a blog post. The departure is likely the resul

35、t of Teslas moving into the field of Artificial Intelligence(AI)，which he said in 2017 would be the “best in the world”and would even be able to “predict your destination, ”Musk will continue to “donate and advise the organization,” Open AI said in a blog post on Feb. 20, adding that “As Tesla conti

36、nues to become more focused on AI, this will avoid a potential future conflict for Eldon. Musk and Y Combiner CEO Sam Altman co-founded the nonprofit enterprise in December2015, its mission is to develop safe artificial general intelligence and ensure those developments are made public. Open AI rese

37、archers published a paper on the site ArXiv, org, detailing the possible secure threats that come with“malicious”AI. In fact, Musk has heard the “evil AI”alarm several times, On Aug.11，2017, he warned that artificial intelligence poses a bigger threat to humanity, and he told a gathering of state go

38、vernors that the government needs to regulate Al before robots start “killing people. ” Musks departure from the Open AI board could mean big things for Tesla. As Eton Goodbye, a financial reporter, noted on Futurism, the move “could signal that Tesla is more deeply committed to their own AI project

39、s than we thought. ”He added, “Those who have had their ears to any rumors (谣言)that Tesla is ready to deliver vehicles capable of Level 5autonomy could take this new Open Al development as a sign that the company is inching closer to that unapproachable goal, ”No company has reached that level of au

40、tonomy, which means that a driverless car could navigate any road under any conditions and that all the human “driver” would need to do is to input a destination. （1）Why does Eldon Musk leave his position? A.To create safer AI.B.To build powerful Internet.C.To develop social communication.D.To avoid

41、 a possible conflict with Tesla.（2）What is the Eldon Musks attitude towards the AI? A.Ambiguous.B.Supportive.C.Negative.D.Sympathetic.（3）What does the underlined word “malicious” in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Poisonous.B.Unpopular.C.Advanced.D.Traditional.（4）What can we infer from Eton Goodbyes comments? A

42、.Level 5 autonomy is impossible.B.The rumors about Tesla is meaningless.C.He has no confidence in Open AI.D.Level 5 autonomy could set human drivers free.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了传奇人物埃隆马斯克和他的公司。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Entrepreneur and CEO of Tesla and Space X, Eldon Musk may have a little

43、more time on his hands, as hes leaving his position on the board of the Open AI, according to a blog post.”和第二段中的“adding that “As Tesla continues to become more focused on AI, this will avoid a potential future conflict for Eldon.”可知Eldon Musk离开他的职位是为了避免可能和Tesla产生冲突，故D。(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Musk will co

44、ntinue to “donate and advise the organization”可推知Eldon Musk对于AI的态度是同情，故选B。(3)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“In fact, Musk has heard the evil AI alarm several times. ”可猜测出“malicious”的意思是有害的，故选A。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“No company has reached that level of autonomy, which means that a driverless car could navigate any road

45、 under any conditions and that all the human driver would need to do is to input a destination. 可推出“Level 5 autonomy”将会让人类司机解放，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 Take a look at the following list of numbers: 4, 8, 5, 3, 7, 9, 6. Read them loud. Now lo

46、ok away and spend 20 seconds memorizing them in order before saying them out loud again. If you speak English, you have about a 50% chance of remembering those perfectly. If you are Chinese, though, youre almost certain to get it right every time. Why is that? Because we most easily memorize whatever we can say or read within a two-second period. And unlike English, the Chinese language allows them to fit all those seven numbers into two seconds. That example comes from Stanislas Dahaenes book The Number Sense. As Daha