（英语）高考英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析.doc

1、【英语】高考英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A new technology is going to ripe, one that could transform our daily lives, help to form new industries, even remove world economic powers from their present positions. Unlike the wave of industrialization that began in the Wes

2、t and spread later to the rest of the world, the new developments are taking place in research labs all over the globeand Asians are in the forefront. Physicists are creating a new class of materials that display an amazing property unforeseen even two years agosuperconductivity (超导体技术). Used today

3、only in specialized equipment, super conductors have the potential to radically change most of the electrical and electronic appliances found in the home, making them smaller, more powerful and efficient. They could free our cities of pollution by replacing petrol and diesel (柴油) vehicles with elect

4、ric cars, and cut the cost of electricity. The new materials do something that even the best of conductors such as copper and silver cannotthey do away with all electrical resistance. The significances for energy storage are great. The technology is in its early stage, still accessible to countries

5、that decide to invest brains and money. For 75 years it had remained little more than a scientific curiosity with limited practical use because the phenomenon occurred only at extremely low temperatures. It was first observed in 1911 by a Dutch scientist named Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, who cooled merc

6、ury (水银) to temperatures below -269 with liquid helium (氦). Then in January last year, two IBM scientists, K. Alex Muller and J. George Bednorz, found a metal oxide ceramic (氧化陶瓷) that superconducted at -243. Their report went largely unnoticed until last December, when it was confirmed at a scienti

7、fic meeting in Boston. Today Japan, India, China and other Asian countries all have their share of experts who spend their days and nights in labs, acting as midwives (助产士) to a new technology.（1）As is indicated in the passage, the technology of superconductivity _. A.has already been developedB.is

8、still under developmentC.will be used only in specialized equipmentD.will be used in daily lives in a few years（2）The new technology differs from the others in that _. A.it began in the East and spread later to the rest of the worldB.it began in the West and spread later to the rest of the worldC.it

9、 is being cultivated in research labs around the worldD.it is accessible to physicists who are intelligent and rich（3）From the passage, we may conclude that _. A.Asian scientists gain the lead in the growth of the new technologyB.Dutch scientists kept reporting new findings for the last 75 yearsC.IB

10、M scientists report receive immediate attention all over the worldD.the West was astonished at the new technology developed by the Asians（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A.The Prospect of a New TechnologyB.Superconductivity: A New TechnologyC.A New Technology: The K

11、ey to Change the Way of Our LivesD.A New Technology: A Joint Effort of Many Countries【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了超导体技术的发展潜能和发展状况。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ A new technology is going to ripe, one that could transform our daily lives, help to form new industries, even remove world economic powers

12、 from their present positions. ”一项新技术即将成熟，它可以改变我们的日常生活，帮助形成新的产业，甚至将世界经济强国从其目前的地位上移除；以及第三段中的“The technology is in its early stage, still accessible to countries that decide to invest brains and money”技术还处于早期阶段，那些决定投资于人才和资金的国家仍然可以获得这项技术，可知选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Unlike the wave of industrialization that

13、began in the West and spread later to the rest of the world, the new developments are taking place in research labs all over the globeand Asians are in the forefront.”与开始于西方，后来传播到世界其他地区工业化的浪潮不同，全球各地的研究实验室都在进行新的研究亚洲人走在最前线。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Unlike the wave of industrialization that began in the We

14、st and spread later to the rest of the world, the new developments are taking place in research labs all over the globeand Asians are in the forefront.”与开始于西方，后来传播到世界其他地区工业化的浪潮不同，全球各地的研究实验室都在进行新的研究亚洲人走在最前线；以及最后一段中的“Today Japan, India, China and other Asian countries all have their share of experts w

15、ho spend their days and nights in labs, acting as midwives (助产士) to a new technology.”今天，日本，印度，中国和其它亚洲国家都有自己的专家，白天和晚上都在实验室里，充当一种新技术的助产士，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，第一段首先提出一项新技术，第二段说明了这项技术的发展潜能，最后一段介绍这项新技术的发展状况，因此选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答

16、案。2阅读理解 The Hunan Satellite TV(HNTV) show Where are we going, Dad? is a big hit. Many famous stars brought their children to a strange village alone, and they had to spend 72 hours with their children there. The program fully showed us a modern version of the how to be a good father. As the young pa

17、rents today are too busy to take care of their children, this new form of Lost on the way played by nanny Daddy and cute kids triggered(触发)a lot of peoples emotional resonance(共鸣). Both the kids and their parents will find that their hearts are being drawn closer. But this kind of feeling has just p

18、roved that there is a big spiritual barrier between the modern parents and children. The TV shows like Children are hard to support!, Where are we going, Dad?, hot mom and cute kids are becoming more and more popular. All of these show the new parents confusion in childrens education and the appeal

19、for the balance between career and family. In real life, on the one hand the young parents feel helpless because they are too busy to accompany their children under the pressures of work and life; on the other hand they continue to do so. The data collected by HNTV shows that nearly two-thirds of th

20、eir audience are female, among whom 36% are aged from 25 to 34.We can imagine such a scene that one evening a young mother is watching the show with her young children, while her husband is still at work or trapped in socializing, or maybe is just playing computer games in the bedroom. The story of

21、a child without the company of father is still going on. In fact, it is sometimes the same to mothers. In a modern family, it is often the old who take the responsibility of raising a child. The participation of mother in the childrens education is also very low. It is just this kind of confusion wh

22、ere the parents have gone in the modern family education, and where the parents will guide their children to go that Where are we going，Dad? shows us. If a child wants to grow up healthily and safely into a modern citizen with independent personality and free spirit, it is very important for him or

23、her to follow the parents who serve as their first teacher. Maybe this is the real reason why such kind of TV programs could get hot. The truth is that children will go where their parents go; and society will go where the children go.（1）In raising a child in modern society, parents should _. A.play

24、 computer games with their childrenB.keep their children at home to avoid socializingC.balance well between family and careerD.break down the barrier between children and teachers（2）Which of the following can be inferred in the passage? A.Parents shouldnt entirely leave the education of children to

25、the old.B.36% of the audience of the program are female aged from 25-34.C.The program shows us the confusion where the parents and children will go to play.D.In a modern family it is often mothers who are responsible for raising a child.（3）Which one is the best title of the passage? A.Confusion Behi

26、nd “Where are we going, dad?”B.Modern Education is ImportantC.Nanny Daddy and Cute KidsD.New problems in Modern Childrens Education（4）What attitude towards modern family education does the author express in the second paragraph? A.Proud.B.Worried.C.Optimistic.D.Indifferent.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）A（4）B 【解析】

27、【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过讲述热门节目“爸爸去哪儿”展示了现代家庭教育中存在的问题。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“All of these show the new parents confusion in childrens education and the appeal for the balance between career and family.”可知父母必须处理好事业与家庭之间的冲突，故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“In a modern family, it is often the old who take the responsibility o

28、f raising a child.”可知父母把养育孩子的责任交给了自己的父母，也就是爷爷奶奶，故选A。 （3）考查主旨大意。本文讲述爸爸去哪儿，这个电视节目取得了巨大的成功，得到大家的关注，从而如何教育孩子也就成为当前重要的话题，故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。第二段提到孩子很难养，辣妈，潮童，这些流行词汇，所有的这些节目反应家长在平衡家庭与事业之间的矛盾，故作者的态度是很担忧的，所以选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 De

29、lhi has been the centre of a succession of mighty empires and powerful kingdoms in India. Numerous ruins scattered throughout the territory offer a constant reminder of the areas history, which makes the city always be a fascinating place for tourists. With the development of the city and more and m

30、ore people moving, the city has expanded several times in size. That is why it is called New Delhi. New Delhi, a city with a population of over 20 million people, has its newest problem: never before has this city met with the worst air problem. Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst l

31、evels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem. Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rush

32、ed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets. New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based

33、 power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states. Fireworks and firecrackers to celebrate the Hindu festival of Diwali then arrives, leaving Delhi the worlds most polluted city. The citys air quality index, which measures a mix

34、of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24-hour average since Nov. 6, 2016, when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.（1）Which of the following is NOT true? A.Diwali is one of the most important festivals in Ind

35、ia.B.The government did little to protect its citizens against the serious pollution.C.Such a serious air pollution in New Delhi appears on a regular basis.D.The index of the recent air pollution is not the worst in the history.（2）Who may not complain about the serious air pollution? A.The parents w

36、hose children have to stay at home.B.The pilots whose planes have been diverted or delayed.C.The manufacturers who produce antipollution masks.D.The officials who have to work out of their offices.（3）Which of the following phrases can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5? A.Sent out.B.Sent up.

37、C.Sent in.D.Sent on.（4）The title of the passage should be . A.Problems Caused by the Development of New DelhiB.Dangerous Pollution Envelops New DelhiC.Antipollution Masks Are in Great Need in New DelhiD.Farmers in the Neighboring States are to Blame for Burning Crop Stubble【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】

38、【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但由于污染严重，整个新德里处于危险的污染中，人们必须戴防污口罩，冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾，成为世界是污染最严重的城市。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第三段“Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergenc

39、y despite government vows to solve the problem.”印度首都的空气污染飙升至多年来最严重的水平，笼罩着这座城市的浓雾已成为年度公共卫生紧急事件，尽管政府誓言要解决这个问题；第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust ., leaving Delhi the world

40、s most polluted city.” 新德里每年都会被污染吞没，随着天气变冷，汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飘动的灰尘，以及邻国农作物秸秆燃烧产生的烟雾，都会形成浓雾。庆祝印度排灯节的烟花爆竹随后到达，使德里现在成为世界上污染最严重的城市；以及第四段中的“Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 在学校、学院、医院和市场上分发了数以百万计的防污口罩。可知，政府尽管发誓解决这种污染，但情况不仅没有改变，反而更加严重，使

41、得人们必须佩戴防毒口罩。由此可判断出政府几乎没有保护其公民免受严重污染。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第四段“Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of anti

42、pollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 周末期间，由于能见度低，数百架航班被迫改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，官员们紧急采取措施，试图扭转不断恶化的空气质量。学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。由此可知，由于污染严重，学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。所以生产防污染口罩的厂家要加大生产 ，是不会抱怨的，故选C。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather c

43、ools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states.”本句是说新德里每年都笼罩在污染中。因为天气变冷，从汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的雾霾。根据常识可知，汽车和用煤发电的发电厂会“排放或释放”污染物的。由此可判

44、断“emitted”是排放的意思。故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文叙述了随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但周末的能见度低，数百架航班在周末改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，人们必须戴防污口罩，可知，新德里被严重的污染所笼罩。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the

45、 information given in the passage you have just read. A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenlands past and future climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The

46、 mud, and remains of common flies in it, record two interglacial periods(间冰期)in northwest Greenland. Although researchers have long known these two periodsthe early Holocene and Last Interglacialexperienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previ

47、ously thought. As far as we know, it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there, Axford said. We were really surprised to see how far north it migrated (迁徙). This new information could help researchers better measure Greenlands sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those models could then improve predictions of how Greenlands ice sheet might respond to man-made global warming. After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic