Python教学案例的新思维及案例展示v3课件.ppt

1、Python教学案例的新思维教学案例的新思维新思维：面向问题、引发兴趣、培养能力、引导创新传统思维新思维案例服务教学，用于讲解知识点案例解决问题，不限于知识点案例是确定输出的，便于OJ和考核案例是不确定输出的，发挥学生创造力案例是老师构造的案例是学生驱动的案例对知识点闭包，老师能讲解案例对知识点发散，老师不一定都会案例需要控制规模案例发挥想象北京理工大学Python教学案例展示第一类：培养兴趣的案例第二类：数据分析的案例第三类：网络爬虫的案例第四类：游戏创意的案例绘制Python小蛇import turtleimport timeturtle.setup(650,350,200,200)tur

2、tle.penup()turtle.fd(-250)turtle.pendown()turtle.pensize(25)turtle.pencolor(purple)turtle.seth(-40)for i in range(4):turtle.circle(40,80)turtle.circle(-40,80)turtle.circle(40,80/2)turtle.fd(40)turtle.circle(16,180)turtle.fd(40*2/3)time.sleep(10)螺旋线绘制import turtleimport timet=turtle.Pen()turtle.speed

3、(fastest)t.pensize(2)for x in range(100):t.forward(2*x)t.left(90)time.sleep(10)10行代码斜螺旋线绘制import turtleimport timet=turtle.Pen()turtle.speed(fastest)t.pensize(2)for x in range(100):t.forward(2*x)t.left(91)time.sleep(10)10行代码彩色螺旋线绘制import turtleimport timet=turtle.Pen()t.pensize(2)turtle.bgcolor(blac

4、k)turtle.speed(fastest)sides=6colors=red,yellow,purple,bluefor x in range(400):t.color(colorsx%4)t.forward(x*3/sides+x)t.left(360/sides+1)t.width(x*sides/200)time.sleep(30)turtle.mainloop()17行代码绘制import turtleimport timet=turtle.Pen()turtle.speed(fastest)turtle.bgcolor(black)sides=5colors=red,yellow

5、,purple,bluefor x in range(400):t.color(colorsx%4)t.forward(x*3/sides+x)t.left(360/sides+1)t.width(x*sides/200)t.left(90)time.sleep(10)17行代码旋转的窗花import turtleimport timeh =turtle.Turtle()for i in range(0,400):h.speed(-9)h.right(46)h.pencolor(gray)h.circle(50)h.right(20)h.pencolor(yellow)h.circle(100

6、)h.circle(70)h.pencolor(red)h.circle(80)h.circle(90)h.left(10)h.pencolor(black)h.right(5)20行代码科赫雪花绘制import turtleimport timedef koch(size,n):if n=0:turtle.fd(size)else:for angle in 0,60,-120,60:turtle.left(angle)koch(size/3,n-1)def main():turtle.setup(800,400)turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-300,-50)turtl

7、e.pendown()turtle.pensize(2)koch(600,3)turtle.hideturtle()main()20行代码玫瑰花绘制92行代码from turtle import*import timepencolor(“black”)fillcolor(“red”)speed(5000)s=0.15penup()goto(0,600*s)pendown()begin_fill()circle(200*s,30)for i in range(60):lt(1)circle(50*s,1)circle(200*s,30)玫瑰花束绘制from turtle import*impor

8、t timep=Turtle()setup(800,850,100,100)p.hideturtle()p.penup()p.goto(0,0)p.pendown()p.pensize(2)p.speed(1000)def rose():p.left(120)p.fd(120)q=p.clone()q.begin_fill()q.fillcolor(“green”)q.left(70)q.circle(-170,16)q.circle(-170,-12)q.left(60)q.circle(-30,125)q.right(50)p.pencolor(black)p.penup()p.goto(

9、-200,375)p.pendown()p.write(Love Python,Love You),font=(Times,30,bold)time.sleep(10)pendown()begin_fill()circle(200*s,30)for i in range(60):lt(1)circle(50*s,1)circle(200*s,30)100行代码的计算动态效果from random import randomfrom math import sqrtfrom time import clockimport turtlen=int(input(请输入一个整数:)darts=2*nh

10、its=0clock()turtle.bgcolor(black)turtle.pencolor(black)turtle.speed(0)turtle.hideturtle()for i in range(1,darts):x,y=random(),random()turtle.penup()turtle.goto(500*x-250,500*y-250)dist=sqrt(x*2+y*2)if dist=1.0:hits=hits+1 turtle.dot(blue)else:turtle.dot(white)pi=4*hits/darts26行代码七段数码管绘制import turtle

11、import timedef drawLine(draw,color=“black”):turtle.pendown()if draw else turtle.penup()turtle.color(color)turtle.fd(40)turtle.right(90)def drawDigit(d):drawLine(True,red)if d in 2,3,4,5,6,8,9 else drawLine(False)drawLine(True,red)if d in 0,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 else drawLine(False).turtle.left(180)turtle.

12、penup()turtle.fd(20)def drawDate(date):for i in date:drawDigit(eval(i)def main():turtle.setup(800,350,200,200)turtle.penup()turtle.fd(-300)turtle.pensize(5)drawDate(datetime.datetime.now().strftime(%Y%m%d)turtle.hideturtle()main()time.sleep(10)33行代码from PIL import Imagefrom PIL import ImageFilterfor

13、 i in range(1,8):im=Image.open(beijing+str(i)+.jpg)e33=im.filter(ImageFilter.CONTOUR)e33.save(beijings+str(i)+.jpg)北京印象系列绘图星座字符画import numpy as npfrom PIL import Imageascii_char=list(“$B%8&WM#*oahkbdpqwmZO0QLCJUYXzcvunxrjft123659874/|()1?-_+i!;:,”.“”)def get_char(r,b,g,alpha=256):if alpha=0:return l

14、ength=len(ascii_char)gray=int(0.2126*r+0.7152*g+0.0722*b)unit=(256.0+1)/length return ascii_charint(gray/unit)if _name_=_main_:im=Image.open(textpicture.jpg)WIDTH,HEIGHT=(80,80)im=im.resize(WIDTH,HEIGHT),Image.NEAREST).25行代码简易计算器绘制import tkinter as tkcalc=tk.Tk()calc.title(“PythonCalc”)buttons=C,7,8

15、,9,*,4,5,6,/,1,2,3,-,0,.,=,+,row=1col=3for i in buttons:button_style=raised action=lambda x=i:click_event(x)tk.Button(calc,text=i,width=5,height=3,relief=button_style,command=action).grid(row=row,column=col,sticky=nesw,)col+=1 if col 3:col=0 row+=1display=tk.Entry(calc,width=35,bg=white)display.grid

16、(row=0,column=0,columnspan=4).calc.mainloop()43行代码PyQt聊天软件实现import sys,osfrom time import*from PyQt5.QtGui import*from PyQt5.QtWidgets import*from PyQt5.QtCore import*def main():def showDialog():label=“Me：”.format(strftime(“%Y-%m-%d%H:%M:%S”,localtime()message=chatText.toPlainText()outputarea.append

17、(label)outputarea.append(+message)chatText.clear()chatText.setFocus()saveMsg(message)def cancelMsg():chatText.clear()def saveMsg(txt):file=open(save.txt,a)file.write(txt+n)file.close().76行代码抽奖式随机提问软件import sysimport timeimport randomimport itertoolsimport threadingfrom PyQt5.QtCore import QCoreAppli

18、cation，Qtfrom PyQt5.QtGui import Qfont，Qpalettefrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import Qapplication，Qlabel，QMessageBox，QPushButton，Qwidgetstudents=张三,李四,王五,赵六,周七,钱八class Example(QWidget):def _init_(self):super()._init_()self.initUI()def initUI(self):startbtn=QPushButton(开始,self)startbtn.clicked.connect(self.btn

19、StartClick)startbtn.resize(startbtn.sizeHint()startbtn.move(200,100)stopbtn=QPushButton(停,self).114行代码PyQt时钟实现Turtle时钟实现北京理工大学Python教学案例展示第一类：培养兴趣的案例第二类：数据分析的案例第三类：网络爬虫的案例第四类：游戏创意的案例科学坐标系绘制import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltx=np.linspace(0.0,6.0,100)y=np.cos(2*np.pi*x)*np.exp(-x)+0.8z=

20、0.5*np.cos(x*2)+0.8color1=“red”title=“阻尼衰减曲线绘制”label1,label2=“$exp_decay$”,“$cos(x2)$”note_point,note_text,size=(1,np.cos(2*np.pi)*np.exp(-1)+0.8),(1,1.4),14x_label,y_label=时间(s),幅度(mV)x_start,x_end,y_start,y_end=0,5,0,1.8a,b=0.8,3.59行代码雷达图绘制import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport ma

21、tplotlib.labels=np.array(综合,KDA,发育,推进,生存,输出)dataLenth=6data=np.array(7,5,6,9,8,7)angles=np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,dataLenth,endpoint=False)data=np.concatenate(data,data0)angles=np.concatenate(angles,angles0)fig=plt.figure(facecolor=white)plt.subplot(111,polar=True)plt.plot(angles,data,bo-,color=g,linewi

22、dth=2)plt.fill(angles,data,facecolor=g,alpha=0.25)plt.thetagrids(angles*180/np.pi,labels)plt.figtext(0.52,0.95,DOTA能力值雷达图,ha=center)plt.grid(True)plt.show()27行代码科学坐标系绘制import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom radar_factory import radar_factorymatplotlib.rcParamsfont.family=SimHeimatplot

23、lib.rcParamsfont.sans-serif=SimHeidata_verts=column names:研究型(I),艺术型(A),社会型(S),企业型(E),常规型(C),现实型(R)data_points=points:0.40,0.32,0.35,0.30,0.30,0.88,0.85,0.35,0.30,0.40,0.40,0.30,0.43,0.89,0.30,0.28,0.22,0.30,0.30,0.25,0.48,0.85,0.45,0.40,0.20,0.38,0.87,0.45,0.32,0.28,0.34,0.31,0.38,0.40,0.92,0.28.44

24、行代码LIGO引力波绘制import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom scipy.io import wavfilerate_h,hstrain=wavfile.read(r“H1_Strain.wav”,“rb”)rate_l,lstrain=wavfile.read(r“L1_Strain.wav”,“rb”)reftime,ref_H1=np.genfromtxt(GW150914_4_NR_waveform_template.txt).transpose()htime_len=hstrain.shape0/rate_hpri

25、nt(hstrain.shape)htime=np.arange(-htime_len/2,htime_len/2,htime_interval).fig=plt.figure(figsize=(12,6)plth=fig.add_subplot(221)plth.plot(htime,hstrain,y)plth.set_xlabel(Time(seconds)plth.set_ylabel(H1 Strain)plth.set_title(H1 Strain).pltref=fig.add_subplot(212)pltref.plot(reftime,ref_H1)pltref.set_

26、xlabel(Time(seconds)pltref.set_ylabel(Template Strain)pltref.set_title(Template)fig.tight_layout()plt.savefig(Gravitational_Waves_Original.png)plt.show()plt.close(fig)42行代码北京理工大学Python教学案例展示第一类：培养兴趣的案例第二类：数据分析的案例第三类：网络爬虫的案例第四类：游戏创意的案例淘宝商品定价爬虫import requestsimport redef getHTMLText(url):try:r=request

27、s.get(url,timeout=30)r.raise_for_status()r.encoding=r.apparent_encoding return r.text except:return“”def parsePage(ilt,html):.def printGoodsList(ilt):tplt=:4t:8t:16 print(tplt.format(序号,价格,商品名称)count=0 for g in ilt:count=count+1 print(tplt.format(count,g0,g1)def main():goods=书包 depth=3 start_url=htt

28、ps:/ infoList=for i in range(depth):try:url=start_url+&s=+str(44*i)html=getHTMLText(url)parsePage(infoList,html)except:continue printGoodsList(infoList)main()47行代码淘宝商品定价爬虫输出序号 价格 商品名称 1149.00 瑞士军刀旅行双肩包男中学生书包电脑背包 2259.00 迪卡侬旗舰店官方店双肩包女男百搭登山包学生书包20L QUECHUA HB 3369.00 迪士尼书包小学生男女1-3-4-6年级米奇减负背包儿童书包8-10-

29、12岁 44258.00 新款头层牛皮流苏包多功能韩版学院风时尚书包真皮简约双肩包女潮 5570.00 双肩包女韩版潮学院风几何印花时尚背包简约休闲中学生书包小清新 6688.99 牛津布配铆钉双肩包女包2016新款日韩版休闲背包学院风书包潮 7749.00 2017新款韩版双肩包女复古PU背包潮百搭学院风旅行流苏中学生书包 8845.90 2017新款学生书包双肩包女韩版pu皮简约时尚休闲百搭背包旅行包潮 99267.00 双肩包男士背包商务韩版时尚休闲旅行电脑包高中生大学生书包男女 101048.00 2017新款韩版男女双肩包帆布包学院风学生书包大容量旅行包百搭潮Scrapy股票数据定向

30、爬虫#piplelines.pyclass BaidustocksPipeline(object):def process_item(self,item,spider):return itemclass BaidustocksInfoPipeline(object):def open_spider(self,spider):self.f=open(BaiduStockInfo.txt,w)def close_spider(self,spider):self.f.close()def process_item(self,item,spider):try:line=str(dict(item)+n

31、 self.f.write(line)except:pass return item#middlewares.pyfrom scrapy import signalsclass BaidustocksSpiderMiddleware(object):classmethod def from_crawler(cls,crawler):#This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.s=cls()crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened,signal=signals.spider_opened)ret

32、urn s def process_spider_input(response,spider):return NoneScrapy股票数据定向爬虫输出今开:12.07,成交量:7.45万手,最高:12.07,涨停:12.72,内盘:4.06万手,成交额:8629.61万,委比:65.99%,流通市值:28.90亿,市盈率MRQ:57.72,每股收益:0.20,总股本:5.36亿,昨收:11.56,换手率:2.92%,最低:11.04,跌停:10.40,外盘:3.39万手,振幅:8.91%,量比:2.77,总市值:60.78亿,市净率:3.56,每股净资产:3.19,流通股本:2.55亿,股票名

33、称:新天科技300259今开:27.13,成交量:2.00万手,最高:27.99,涨停:29.95,内盘:9410手,成交额:5531.07万,委比:6.81%,流通市值:29.75亿,市盈率MRQ:60.07,每股收益:0.46,总股本:1.46亿,昨收:27.23,换手率:1.85%,最低:27.13,跌停:24.51,外盘:1.05万手,振幅:3.16%,量比:0.55,总市值:40.33亿,市净率:8.68,每股净资产:3.18,流通股本:1.08亿,股票名称:宝莱特300246今开:14.20,成交量:1.52万手,最高:14.29,涨停:15.51,内盘:8364手,成交额:215

34、3.25万,委比:53.51%,流通市值:45.05亿,市盈率MRQ:233.28,每股收益:0.05,总股本:3.20亿,昨收:14.10,换手率:0.48%,最低:14.06,跌停:12.69,外盘:6835手,振幅:1.63%,量比:0.09,总市值:45.12亿,市净率:4.81,每股净资产:2.93,流通股本:3.20亿,股票名称:科泰电源300153今开:30.20,成交量:8.04万手,最高:31.20,涨停:33.40,内盘:3.97万手,成交额:2.44亿,委比:75.79%,流通市值:116.22亿,市盈率MRQ:38.61,每股收益:0.76,总股本:6.68亿,昨收:3

35、0.36,换手率:2.04%,最低:29.00,跌停:27.32,外盘:4.08万手,振幅:7.25%,量比:2.71,总市值:196.89亿,市净率:4.86,每股净资产:6.07,流通股本:3.94亿,股票名称:中金环境300145北京理工大学Python教学案例展示第一类：培养兴趣的案例第二类：数据分析的案例第三类：网络爬虫的案例第四类：游戏创意的案例PyQt俄罗斯方块Turtle俄罗斯方块Pygame实现RPG角色扮演游戏来源于githubPygame实现棋牌类游戏来源于githubPygame实现射击类游戏来源于github北京理工大学Python教学案例展示面向兴趣、面向学科/专业、面向能力其他类：文本处理、自然语言处理、机器学习、turtle艺术等