(英语)中考英语短语动词易错剖析含解析.doc

1、（英语）中考英语短语动词易错剖析含解析一、短语动词1The company wants to a school for the poor children A.put offB.set upC.call inD.look after【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。put off推迟；延期；set up建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。2I a stone in a dark street and hurt my knees.A.fell overB.fell offC.fell away【答案】 A

2、 【解析】【分析】句意：我在黑暗中被一块石头，弄伤了我的膝盖。A.被绊倒； B.从落下； C.离开，消瘦。故选A。【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。3Alice, dont put your things here, _. OK, I will.A.put away themB.put on themC.put them awayD.put them on【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:一爱丽丝，不要把你的东西放在这儿，把它们放好。一好的，我会的。put away放好，抛弃，储存。 put on穿上，上演，增加;两个词组在运用时，当宾语是代词时都放在词组中间。因为第一句 things是复数，所

3、以用代词them 来代替。由句意可知选C。4 What bad weather! The ground is covered with much snow.And it may result in traffic jams.A.take inB.lead toC.pour out【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：天气真糟糕！地面被很多雪覆盖。这可能会导致交通拥挤。 result in=lead to意为“导致”，take in意为“吸收”，pour out意为“倒出来”，故选B。【点评】考查动词短语词义。5 Do you think my classmates will laugh at m

4、e? Maybe. But I think you are right.A.go out withB.make friends withC.make jokes about【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：你觉得我的同学们在嘲笑我吗？也许是，但是我觉得你是对的。laugh at嘲笑；go out with和出去；与约会；make friends with与交朋友；make jokes about开的玩笑。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。6Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and which universi

5、ty is the best for her to attend. A.put outB.stay outC.find outD.run out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化，查出哪所大学最适合她。A： put out 熄灭；B： stay out不回家； C： find out查出； D：run out用完。根据 which university is the best for her to attend，可知要查出哪所大学适合她，故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语的辨析。理解短语的意思，根据语境选择正确的动词短语。7In fact, many countrie

6、s have _ some effective （有效的）policies to control the population.A.carry outB.taken outC.carried outD.thought out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：实际上，许多国家已经采取了有效政策控制人口。carry out实施；施行。take out取出；think out想出。根据have可知用过去分词，故选C。【点评】考查动词短语。8一 Bob isnt at home. Then where is he?一 Sorry I have no idea where hes gone.A.don

7、t knowB.rememberC.dont care【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：Bob不在家，那么他在哪儿呢？对不起，我不知道他去哪儿了。have no idea不知道。故选A。【点评】考查动词短语。9We must plant more trees after we _ every year. A.cut off themB.cut them offC.cut down themD.cut them down【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须每年在砍掉树木之后种植更多的树。cut off切断；cut down砍倒。根据前文的trees可知砍伐树木用cut down，作宾语的

8、代词them应放在cut与副词down之间，故答案为D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析及动词短语的用法：“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语时，代词放在动词后副词前10The cat is missing, will you please it?No problem. A.look forB.look upC.look at【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：猫丢了，请你找找它好吗？没问题。look for寻找， look up查询， look at看，故选A。 【点评】考查短语动词。掌握词组意义。11 How long does it take you to prepare for th

9、e English exam? It takes me about one week and a half.A.take offB.decide onC.get ready for【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：你准备英语考试花了多长时间？花了一个半周。prepare for为做准备；take off脱下；起飞；decide on决定；get ready for为做准备。故选。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。12_! Something is falling down from the tall building. Dear me! Its dangerous.A.Look outB.Help

10、yourselfC.What a pityD.Shut up.【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：留神!有东西从高楼上掉下来了. 哦，亲爱的！这是危险的. look out当心，留神，向外看，help yourself自取，what a pity真可惜，shut up安静，闭嘴，根据后面一句话有东西从高楼上掉下来了. 可知这里应该提醒对方注意，故选：A.【点评】考查动词短语，理解句子的意思及每个选项的意思，结合语境选择合适的答案.13When you visit a museum, you should _ the instructions.A.compare withB.look forwa

11、rd toC.pay attention toD.try out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：当你参观博物馆的时候，你应该注意说明。compare with比较；look forward to盼望；pay attention to注意；try out试验。根据句意故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。14- Are you going to have a part time job during the summer vacation?- Yes. I think I shouldnt always _ my parents since Ive grown up.A.fight agains

12、tB.argue withC.hear fromD.depend on【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：你暑假要做兼职吗？是的，我认为既然我已经长大了，我不应该总是依靠父母。depend on依靠；取决于；fight against与打架；argue with与某人争论；hear from收到来信。故选D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。15Dont waste water the river and the lake.A.put; intoB.pour; inC.pour; intoD.put; to【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：不要把废水倒到河里和湖里。pourinto把倒入；putin

13、to把放在里。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语。16Kelly doesnt _ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly has a square face. A.look afterB.think aboutC.take afterD.worry about【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：Kelly一点都不嫌你个她的母亲，她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly有一个方的脸。A.look after照顾，B.think about考虑，C.take after长得像，D.worry about担心。根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不

14、像，可知空缺处填入长起来像，take after，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语动词，注意take after的用法。17When are you going to for Shanghai? Tomorrow morning.A.get offB.turn offC.take offD.set off【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：你打算什么时候动身去上海？明天早上。get off下车；turn off关掉；take off脱下；set off出发；动身。故选D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。18 Jenny, the teacher will _ your mobile phone if y

15、ou use it in class. Sorry, I wont do that again. A.take outB.take away C.take off【答案】B 【解析】【分析】A. take out取出，去掉，出发，B. take away带走，拿走，取走，C. take off起飞，脱下，离开。句意：Jenny，如果你在教室使用手机，老师将会把它拿走。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语的用法。19As a kind of important energy, coal（煤炭） can _ one day.A.keep outB.run outC.be run outD.run out

16、of【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完，耗尽（主语是物）”，keep out“阻止进入”， run out of “用完东西（主语是人）”；选项C是被动形式，其后应加介词of，故选B。20My son _ his father, because they are both cheerful.A.looks afterB.takes afterC.runs afterD.looks like【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】look after照顾；照看；take after（面貌、言行、性格等）像；run after追赶； look like（外表）看起来像。句意为“我儿子

17、像他父亲，两个人都乐呵呵的。”显然是指性格方面像，故选B。21How can we help the children in the mountain village?We can _ leaflets to ask people to donate money.A.give inB.give offC.give upD.give out【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们如何能帮助山村里的孩子？我们可以散发传单号召人们捐款。give in屈服; 投降; 让步；give off发出; 放出; 散发出; 放射出; give up放弃；give out分发; 公布。所以选D22Jack is

18、dishonest. He always some excuses for doing something wrong.A.makes upB.sets upC.takes upD.picks up【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：Jack不诚实，他总是编造一些理由为他做的错事。make up 编造；set up建立；take up拿起，从事，占据；pick up拾起，捡起，接某人。根据句意Jack is dishonest可知应选A。23Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _ and when it will l

19、and.A.get offB.take offC.turn offD.put off【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：看这么大的雨！没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞，什么时候降落。A. get off下来，下车；B. take off起飞，脱掉；C. turn off关掉；D. put off推迟，拖延。根据句意可知选B。24A wolf has become the mascot（吉祥物） of the World Cup 2018 that _ in Russia. A.took placeB.heldC.will take placeD.will hold【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：

20、将在俄罗斯举行的2018世界杯的吉祥物是一只狼。took place发生，举行，是过去式；held举行，过去式；will take place将要举行；will hold将要举行。根据句中的时间2018可知，这里是将来的事情，应用一般将来时态，故先排除A和B。that引导的定语从句，先行词是the World Cup 2018与动词hold构成被动关系，应用被动语态，故D不对；take place不能用于被动语态，故答案为C。【点评】此题考查的被动语态和动词辨析，平时注意区分动词短语的意义和用法。注意动词的时态和语态的用法。25Ill go to visit your uncle as soo

21、n as I Beijing. A.get toB.will get toC.got to【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我一到北京就去看望你的叔叔。主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。故选A。【点评】此题考查一般将来时的用法，注意记忆 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句一般现在时表将来和固定词组的用法。26The house is dangerous to live in. It should be A.looked upB.left outC.thrown awayD.pulled down【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：住在这房子里很危险。

22、应该把它拆掉。A. looked up查阅；B. left out遗漏，忽略；C. thrown away扔掉；D. pulled down推倒。危房应该推倒重建，故答案为D。27The government will focus on solving the problem of heavy burdens on the students.Thats good news for us. We have too much work to do after school.A.give a hand toB.give attention toC.take part in【答案】 B 【解析】【分析

23、】句意：政府会集中精力解决学生们的重负问题。那对我们来说是一个好主意。我们放学后不得不做太多的作业。根据语境可知focus on：把焦点放在，也就是注意，关注，give attention to, give a hand to: 帮助，take part in: 参加，故选B。【点评】考查短语动词。根据语境选出和划线词意思相近的短语，确保句子通顺。28The boys were crazy when Spiderman came along at the parade in the Universal Studio.Of course they were. You know, Spiderma

24、n was always those boys favourite.A.made a speechB.disappearedC.showed up【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：当蜘蛛侠在环球工作室的游戏队伍中出现时，男孩们都疯狂了。当然他们会疯狂。你知道，蜘蛛侠总是那些男孩的最爱。根据语境可知男孩疯狂是因为蜘蛛侠出现，A. 演讲，B. 消失，C. 出现，根据语境故选C。【点评】考查动词短语。根据句意找出近义词，牢记这些短语动词。29To make the story shorter, Mr. Trent advised me to _ the parts that are not int

25、eresting. A.find outB.try outC.cut outD.give out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：为了使得这个故事更短，Trent先生建议我删掉那些没有意思的东西。A.find out找出；B.try out尝试；C.cut out剪掉；D.give out捐赠。根据本句话提到make the story shorter和not interesting，可知空缺处应该是删掉，cut out，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语辨析，注意cut out，剪掉。30We believe we can _ a way to solve the problem of pollution in the future.A.catch up withB.come up withC.put offD.set off【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我们相信我们将来能想出办法解决污染问题。catch up with赶上；come up with想出；提出；put off推迟；延期；set off出发；引爆。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。