(英语)中考英语总复习-阅读理解及解析.doc

1、一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1阅读上面的信息，选择正确答案。 Jackie, Are you good at fixing printers? The one in my office doesnt work. Please help!Grace You can make a cake in about fifteen minutes. First, heat the oven to 350. Then, put the flour （面粉） in a bowl and add the milk, butter, eggs and salt.FoundA purple schoolbag.Foun

2、d at the gate.Call Janet at 457-4611.Telephone Message From: Luke SangerTo: Mr. MillerMessage: Call him back at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29 at his office number （234-3688）.Our running club members meet at 7: 00 p.m. every Wednesday.We run in two groups: Beginners （for anyone）The experienced （for runners

3、who can do12miles or more）Join us to keep fit! Call Esteban Lopez at 617-555-3697.（1）There is something wrong with Graces in Text . A.officeB.mobile phoneC.printerD.cake（2）We may read Text in a _. A.cookbookB.music magazineC.weather reportD.story book（3）Text should be a _. A.thank-you noteB.letterC.

4、postcardD.notice（4）According to Text, Luke Sanger should be _ at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29. A.at homeB.in the officeC.on the planeD.at the restaurant（5）In Test , the running club members meet _. A.once a weekB.twice a weekC.once a monthD.twice a month【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）D（4）B（5）A 【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍感谢信，蛋糕制作流程，

5、失物招领，和电话和俱乐部等的信息。 （1）细节题。根据 Are you good at fixing printers? 可知打印机出了问题，故选C。 （2）推断题。本则内容主要介绍如何做蛋糕，因此此则信息可能来自烹饪的书籍，故选A。 （3）推断题。本则内容是是失物招领，所以应该是通知，故选D。 （4）推断题。根据 Call him back at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29 at his office number （234-3688）.可知 Luke Sanger六月29日下午3点应该在他办公室里，故选B。 （5）细节题。根据 Our running club membe

6、rs meet at 7: 00 p.m. every Wednesday.可知，跑步俱乐部成员每周三晚上7点见面，即一周见面一次，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。2阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Shenzhen, Jan 1st, 2018Shenzhen has become the worlds first city to make about 16, 359, run on electricity （电；电能）. 12,518 tax

7、is in the city are electric ones. We will replace （替换） the rest of the taxis with electric ones by 2020. said Mr. Chen from the government. I have been a driver for twenty years, said Mr. Zhang, a driver who started to drive electric buses a month ago. We had a lot of training and passed strict exam

8、s before we were allowed to drive the electric buses. The city has built 8, 000 charging poles （充电桩） and 501 bus charging stations. A bus can be fully charged in two hours and the charging poles can serve 300 buses a day at our station. Since the replacement, the bus station has become quiet. said M

9、r. Guan, the manager of Qinghu Bus Station. The use of electric buses and electric taxis plays an important role in making air fresher. In a year, the electric buses use 72. 9 % less energy than the traditional ones. The electric taxis will save the energy of 119, 000 tons of standard coal. Shenzhen

10、 was one of the first 13 cities to take part in the National New-Energy Vehicle Program. In 2017, the city spent 3. 3 billion yuan on electric buses and the charging equipment （设备）. The city also encourages people to bus new-energy cars or electric cars by spending less money.（1）How many electric ta

11、xis were there in Shenzhen in January, 2018? A.8, 000B.12, 518C.16, 359D.11, 900（2）To drive an electric bus, a driver should _. A.have at least 20 years driving experienceB.charge the electric bus every dayC.take part in the National New-Energy Vehicle ProgramD.have a lot of training and pass strict

12、 exams（3）What is the influence of the replacement according to Mr. Guan? A.200 buses can be charged a day.B.It causes air to be worse.C.The bus station has become quiet.D.People will pay more if they buy e-cars.（4）The city encourages people to _. A.buy new-energy cars or electric cars by spending le

13、ss moneyB.spending more money in buying new carsC.use traditional cars as long as possibleD.avoid driving electric buses（5）The passage is most probably taken from _. A.a textbookB.a diaryC.a story bookD.a news report【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A（5）D 【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述是深圳是中国13座城市之一从事新能源工程，有望在2020年全部使用电动出租车和公交车，

14、使空气变得更加清新。 （1）细节题。根据 12,518 taxis in the city are electric ones.可知，深圳2018年一月的电动出租车的数量达到12,218辆，故选B。 （2）细节题。根据 We had a lot of training and passed strict exams before we were allowed to drive the electric buses.可知，电动出租车司机要进行许多培训和考试，合格者才能开电动出租车，故选D。 （3）细节题。根据 the bus station has become quiet.可知车站会变得安静

15、，故选C。 （4）细节题。根据 The city also encourages people to bus new-energy cars or electric cars by spending less money。可知深圳市鼓励人们用更少的钱买新能源汽车或电动车，故A。 （5）推断题。本文讲述深圳从事新能源工程，有望在2020年全面使用电动出租车和公交车，鼓励人们购买新能源汽车和电动车，可以推出这篇文章有可能来自新闻报道，故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。3阅读理解 Every day

16、 there is less and less space on Earth for rubbish. Yet every day we make more and more rubbish. What can we do? We can recycle some of our rubbish. Recycling means that the rubbish will be made into something that can be used again. Recycling helps Earth. And it saves space in rubbish dumps. Half o

17、f everything that we put into landfills could be recycled instead. In fact, most things made of paper, metal, glass and plastic can be recycled. Paper can be broken into small pieces and made into new paper. Steel and aluminum cans（金属雄）can be melted down（熔化）and made into new cans. The same is true o

18、f glass bottles. This can be done over and over again. Recycling doesnt take as much energy as making these things the first time. So we can use less of Earths fuel resources. Plastic can be melted down, too. Then it can be formed into park benches, playgrounds and so on. Some people call plastic th

19、e wood of the future. Things made of plastic will last about 400 years-even if they stay outside in the weather. No wood can do that!（1）The underlined word landfills in Paragraph 2 probably means _. A.bench factoriesB.places for rubbishC.green mountainsD.recycling centres（2）According to the passage,

20、 what happens last to the can? A.The can is put into a recycling bin.B.The can is melted down and reused.C.A steel can gets filled with corn.D.A person uses the corn in the can.（3）What is the main idea of the passage? A.Cans should be melted down.B.Old newspapers can be reused.C.We can build benches

21、 that last 400 years.D.We should recycle everything that we can.【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）D 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文将的是我们每天制造垃圾，地球上放垃圾的地方越来越少。我们怎样将垃圾进行回收利用。 （1）词意猜测题。根据 And it saves space in rubbish dumps.它还节省了垃圾堆的空间。可知Half of everything that we put intolandfillscould be recycled instead. 中landfills指放垃圾的地方，故选B。 （2）细

22、节理解题。根据 Steel and aluminum cans（金属雄）can be melted down（熔化）and made into new cans. 可知金属罐能被熔化，并在被重新利用。故选B。 （3）主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知这篇文章主要讲的是废物利用回收。故选D。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。此题涉及词意猜测、细节理解太和主旨大意题。对于词意猜测题，可根据上下文的联系猜测划线部分的词在文章中的意思。对于细节理解题，在弄清题意后可直接从文章的细节中找出问题的答案。主旨大意题可知根据文章的中心思想确定。 4阅读理解 Andrew Hollennan, a 12-year-old

23、boy, loved playing in the open land near his home. The land was wet and forested, and made a home for birds, other animals and many different plants. It made the perfect place for him to study and get to know the nature. He had seen some red- tail hawks, red foxes, wood turtles and other animals. He

24、 also found special native flowers. Suddenly it was announced that the empty land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. Then the wet soil would be covered with extra grounds. When he heard about the news, he w

25、as not happy. He was very worried that the land and water would be polluted. Andrew wrote down clearly all the researches he had down about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. He sent letters to members of local government and television reporters. He also called on his

26、neighbors to oppose the building of the houses. Although he was only 12 years old, he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older. Andrews teachers described him as gentle, shy and active. His classmates also admired how much he knew about local animals and plants, and the environment. Each da

27、y after school, Andrew went door-to-door, to ask the people to sign, who did not want the houses to be built. In only one month, he got the signatures of 250 people. In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there. Andrew won many prizes for his brave and

28、 great work to stop the houses being built, and thus help save the environment.（1）The passage is mainly about _. A.250 people who signed to help AndrewB.a brave boy who cared for the environmentC.the open land that suited animals and plantsD.the research on improving the environment（2）The underlined

29、 word oppose in the passage probably means_. A.supportB.dislikeC.disagreeD.prefer（3）Andrew was very worried because _. A.the animals would be killedB.new houses would be built on the open landC.not all the neighbors were going to signD.he was praised by his teachers and classmates.（4）We can infer th

30、at _. A.The land would remain as it used to beB.The open land would be built into a parkC.The neighbors would have to move awayD.Andrew would soon work for the government【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】主要讲了12岁的小男孩Andrew是怎样阻止建筑物在空地上建立的。 （1）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了12岁的小男孩Andrew是怎样阻止建筑物在空地上建立的。，即是怎样关心环境的，故选B。 （2）推

31、断题。根据全文可知Andrew反对建立建筑物，所以他号召邻居反对建筑物的建立，所以oppose意思是反对，不同意，即disagree，故选C。 （3）细节题。根据Suddenly it was announced that the empty land would be improved by a lot of houses on it.可知新建筑物将在空地上被建立，所以Andrew是担心的，故选B。 （4）推断题。根据In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged t

32、here.可知最后，这片土地仍然是属于那里的鸟类、动物和植物的安全之地。即这片陆地仍然和以前一样，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5阅读理解 Fiona likes to listen to music. She likes to listen to classical music. Now she is listening to Beethovens Symphony （交响曲） No. 5. The music is about fa

33、te knocking on the door. Fate is the unseen power of life. Fate changes our lives. Fate designs our lives. Fiona likes this music. She feels the power of music. Suddenly, somebody knocks on her door. She goes to the door and opens it. There is a man at the door. The man is old. He has grey hair and

34、a grey beard （胡须）. She doesnt know who the person is. The man says he is her father. She closes the door in front of the man. She stays at the door and thinks. She has a father. But he is dead. She doesnt know the man at the door. She doesnt understand why he says he is her father. She wants to call

35、 the police. Just then she can see a photo under the door. The man is giving her a photo. She looks at the photo. She can see herself with a man she doesnt know. It is her because she took many photos when she was a young girl. Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must fin

36、d the answer. She opens the door. She asks the man whether he is lying or not. The man tells her he is telling the truth. She invites him for a cup of coffee. They sit down and drink coffee. They start talking about life. He tells her everything that he knows. She listens. Sometimes she is surprised

37、. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs. They are listening to Beethoven. This time it is not fate, but her father who is knocking on the door.（1）What kind of music does Fiona like? A.Folk music.B.Pop music.C.Rock and roll.D.Classical music.（2）Why does Fiona open the door again? A.Because the ma

38、n gives her a photo of her and her father.B.Because she realizes the man standing outside is her father.C.Because she wants to know whether the man is her father.D.Because she wants to listen to the mans stories.（3）How does Fiona feel during the talk with the man? A.Surprised.B.Sad.C.Happy.D.A, B&C（

39、4）Where can you find this passage? A.In a music book.B.In a storybook.C.In a sports book.D.In a science book.【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述主人公菲奥娜在听贝多芬的第五首歌的时候，她听到门外有敲门声，她打开门却意外地有人叫她为女儿，她感到很吃惊，爸爸明明已故，但是此时的这个所谓“爸爸”的男人又似曾相识，打开门后两人谈了许多往事，往事让菲奥娜有时吃惊，有时哭泣，有时微笑，最后他们一起听贝多芬的歌曲，最好父女相认。 （1）细节题。根据She lik

40、es to listen to classical music.可知，她喜欢听古典音乐，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must find the answer.可知，因为她想知道是否这个男人是她爸爸，故选C。 （3）细节题。根据Sometimes she is surprised. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs.可知，她有时开心有时伤心有时吃惊，故选D。 （4）推断题。本文讲述菲奥娜和父亲相认的故事，可知这篇文章应来

41、自故事书，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息。6阅读理解 School is a good place for us to study. Yet sometimes, its easy for us to have accidents there. Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents. Here are parts of safety rules in some countr

42、ies. In China, fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies （紧急情况）. During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth. Fire training is held each term. In Japan, public elementary schools hold earthquake training once a month.

43、They teach students how to escape during an earthquake without pushing. Most US school buildings have fire escapes on each floor. A fire escape has platforms（露台） with ladders（梯子）. In many middle schools in the UK, students can choose to take a bicycle course. There, they learn how to ride to school safely.（1）Students should receive right safety training because _. A.it is easyB.it could avoid most of these accidentsC.it is interestingD.it is accepted by the teachers（2）If there is a fire, Chinese students should go to the playground hurried