(英语)中考英语定语从句专项练习及解析.doc

1、（英语）中考英语定语从句专项练习及解析一、定语从句1 I still remember the college and the teachers _ I visited in London years ago.AwhatBwhoCthatDwhich【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：我仍旧记得几年前去伦敦访问的大学和老师们。what一般不用于定语从句；who在定语从句中指人； that既可指人，也可指物；which指物。结合语境可知本句中先行词the college and the teachers中既有人，又有物，故只能用关系代词that，所以选C。考点：考查关系代词。2The last p

2、lace _ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.AwhereBthatCwhenDwhy【答案】B【解析】句意：我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是定语从句，where关系副词，指地点；that关系代词，先行词为物；when关系副词，指时间；why关系副词，指原因。定语从句中visited后缺少宾语，故应填关系代词，选B。3-How do you like the Sun Island？Is it worth visiting? -Sure. Its one of the best places I have ever

3、 been to.AwhichBthatCwho【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：-你觉得太阳岛怎么样？值得一游吗？-当然。这是我去过的最好的地方之一。考查定语从句引导词。本句先行词places是物，引导词在定语从句中作宾语，可知用that或which引导此定语从句，但先行词有最高级修饰时，只能用that引导此定语从句。故选B。【点睛】定语从句是用作定语的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句紧跟先行词（名词或代词）之后。引导定语从句的词叫引导词，引导词分为关系代词（that/who/whom/which/whose）和关系副词（when/where/why）。引导词连接先行词和定

4、语从句，在定语从句中充当一定的成分（关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语）。先行词是物时，用that或which引导定语从句；当先行词是人时，用who或that引导定语从句。（一）、当先行词是物时，只用that的情况：1.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。2.当先行词为两个或两个以上分别指人和物的名词时。3.当先行词本身是all的，用that.（all that=what）.（that在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略）4.先行词为something， anything， nothing， everything， thing等不定代词时，用that。5.当先行词前有all， much， l

5、ittle， many， （a） few， every， some， any， no， only， the very， one of， the only， the last， the next等修饰语时。（二）、先行词既有人又有物时，或当先行词在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时，用that引导以避免混淆。7.当先行词是在定语从句中作表语时，用that。4When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_ a group of people have in common.AwhatBwhoCwhereDthat【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：

6、当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意：当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是 life，表示“物”，用引导词 that，在从句中做宾语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”，引导词常用 who。where 在定语从句中做地点状语。故选D。【点睛】引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as；关系副词有when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从

7、句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。5Do you have books about famous scientists _ are suitable for children to read?AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗？”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；D.whom指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知，先行词为books指物，在从句中作主语，故选B。6I will never forget the people and

8、 the things_ I saw on the Great Wall.AwhoBwhichCwhomDthat【答案】D【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记我在长城看到的人和事。本句考察定语从句的关系词。A. who关系词，先行词为人；B. which关系词，先行词为物；C. whom关系词，先行词为人，在句中作宾语； D. that关系词，先行词为人或物。在定语从句中，当先行词既指人也指物时，如：the people and the things，关系词采用that。故选D。7Have you seen my watch anywhere, Lucy?Is it the one your unc

9、le bought for you in Hong Kong?AwhoBwhatCthatDwhen【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：露西，你在哪儿看到我的表了吗？是你叔叔在香港给你买的那一块吗？后句是一个带有定语从句的复合句，先行词the one指事物“表”，关系词用that。故选C。考点：考查连词辨析。8This is the most beautiful picture _ I have ever seen.AthatBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】A【解析】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛：限制性定

10、语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如：Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系

11、代词who。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best muse

12、um that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如：Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front

13、 of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions.9Kids， I hope youll r

14、emember the good old days_we spent together in junior high though its time to say goodbye.AwhoBwhatCwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：孩子们，虽然到了说再见的时候了，我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是the good old days，从句中spent后缺少宾语，

15、应用关系代词which引导，故应选C。10All the classmates enjoyed the cake _I made at the party. It was really delicious.AthatBwhoCwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词；先行词是人或物；B. who关系代词，先行词是人；C. what什么，通常不能引导定语从句。I made at the party.是定语从句修饰先行词the cake，在这里是物，用关系词that。根据题意，故选A。11The book _was writt

16、en by him is very interesting.AwhoBwhomCwhichD/【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：他写的那本书很有趣。考查关系代词。A. who代指人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；B. whom代指人，在定语从句中做宾语；C. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构，可知本句为定语从句，先行词the book为物，而且从句中缺主语，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which；故答案选C。12Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in

17、Xiuwen. AwhichBwhatCwho【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家，他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是物；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. who关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，根据 educationalis指人，所以用who，故选C。13Dont throw away pens and erasers _ you havent used up.AwhereBwhichCwhoDwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：不要扔掉你还没用完的钢笔和橡皮。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句，

18、可排除D。where表示地点；which表示事物；who表示人。本句先行词pens and erasers（钢笔和橡皮）是物，需用which引导；根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。14I think the film Amazing China is _film _Ive ever seen.Athe most exciting;whichBmore exciting;whichCmore exciting;thatDthe most exciting;that【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意“我认为厉害了我的国是我看过的最令人振奋的电影”。根据Ive ever seen可知，第一空处用最高级，排除

19、B和C；第二空处考查定语从句，先行词为film，且先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，用that，故选D。【点睛】在定语从句中先行词that和which都指物，只用that不用which的情况：先行词为all, much, something, everything, nothing, little, none, the one时。先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。当先行词被the only, the very, the just修饰时。先行词中即有人又有物时。15Lily doesnt know _ she and her friends can do to help the little boy _ p

20、arents have left their hometown for making money.Athat; whoseBhow; whoCwhat; whoDwhat; whose【答案】D【解析】that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分，只起连接作用；how引导宾语从句，一般做方式状语；what引导宾语从句，做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意：莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩，他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句，what，什么，充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句，the little 宾语boy和parents是逻辑上的所有关系，故引导词用wh

21、ose，选D。考点：英语从句16We all enjoy reading the story _ has a happy ending.AwhoBwhomCthatDwhat【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我们都喜欢读有一个幸福结局的故事。这里是定语从句，先行词是the story，是物，关系词用that和which, 先行词是人用who来引导。先行词是人，关系词whom在句中作宾语。根据题意，故选C。【点睛】当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that.但在以下情况用who.1.当先行词是persons,people,those时.例如：Those who are for my

22、plan ,please put up your hands.同意我的计划的人请举手.Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.好争者被轻视.2.当先行词是he,one,all,any,they等时,例如：He who has not reached the Great Wall isnt a true man.不到长城非好汉.All who had seen this film were moved.看过这部电影的人都受感动.3.在非限定性定语从句中用who.例如：I want him,who knows some English and French

23、.我要他,他懂得些英语和法语.I will pardon you,who are honest.我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的.4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who可以省略.例如：I think it is you who should come here tomorrow.我认为你明天应该来这儿.It is he who can do this work.只有他能够干此工作.在以下情况多用that.例如：5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that.例如：She is not the woman that she used to be.她已经不是过去的她了.China is not the co

24、untry that it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了.17.-111 never forget the school _I used to study .-So will IA which B what C where【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：-我永远都不会忘记我曾经学习的那所学校。我也不会。先行词school在定语从句中作地点状语，可以用关系副词where代替。所以选C。考点：考查定语从句。18 The English-Chinese dictionary my father bought for me many years ago is still of gr

25、eat help.A whose B that C who D when【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：多年前我爸爸为我买的英汉词典仍然有很大的帮助。先行词dictionary在定语从句中作宾语，可以用关系代词that代替，所以选B。考点：考查关系代词。19 The light in her room is still on. Do you know _? Maybe at midnight again.A if she is busy studyingB whats she doingC why does she stay up so lateD when she will stop wo

26、rking【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：她房间里的灯还亮着。你知道她什么时候停止工作吗？可能又要到午夜。A. if she is busy studying.她是否在忙着学习；B. whats she doing她在做什么。宾语从句用陈述句语序，错；C. why does she stay up so late她为什么熬夜那么晚。宾语从句用陈述句语序，错；D. when she will stop working她什么时候停止工作。答语：Maybe at midnight again.可能又要到午夜。指的是时间，用when提问。故选D。考点：考查宾语从句。20When Robinson g

27、ot to the island，the first thing _he did was to look for some foodAwhoBwhichCthatDWhat【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：当鲁滨逊克鲁索到达岛上时，他做的第一件事就是寻找 一些食物。本题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first修饰， 故只能选用关系词that。因此C项正确。考点：考查定语从句。21Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut_ has ever traveled in space.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose【答案】C【解析】试题分

28、析：句意：刘洋是中国第一个曾经在太空旅行过的女宇航员。定语从句用来充当句中定语的结构，被修饰的名词叫先行词，此句的先行词为astronaut。连接主从句的是关系词。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词，which 用来指代物的先行词，that既可指认又可指物。whom在定语从句中作宾语；whose在定语从句中作定语。此处连接词who做主语，故选C。考点：考查定语从句的连接词。22Recently the second season of “A bite of China”（舌尖上的中国II） has become a hit. I think Chinese are those _ can coo

29、k the most delicious food. A what B who C whose D Which【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：我认为最近舌尖上的中国II已经变的很成功，我认为中国人是那些能做出最美味的食物的人们。这里是定语从句，先行词是those，指人的时候，关系词用who。结合语境，故选B。考点：考查定语从句的关系词。23Carla cant stand the boy _ often plays jokes on her in front of the whole class.AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhom【答案】B【解析】句意：Carla无法忍受那个经常在全班

30、面前取笑她的那个男孩。which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语或宾语；who引导定语从句修饰人，作主语或宾语；what引导名词性从句，作主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语。此处先行词boy表示人，在定语从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。24Tommy couldnt stop thinking about the boy _ made him a fool in front of the whole class.AwhomBwhichCwho【答案】C【解析】句意：Tommy不禁想起了那个使他在全班面前出丑的那个男孩。此处的定语从句，修饰先行词the boy，关系代词

31、在定语从句中作主语，故用who，故选C。25Fewer and fewer people spend time reading. There were only 49% of adults in the US _ visited a public library last year.AwhoBwhereCwhenDwhich【答案】A【解析】句意：越来越少的人花时间读书。去年在美国只有49%的成年人参观一个公共图书馆。修饰名词adults，作定语从句的主语，故用关系代词who，故选A。26 The TV show Running Man is popular recently. Yes. It

32、 is the only program _ I watched this month.AwhoBwhenCwhereDthat【答案】D【解析】句意：电视节目奔跑吧，兄弟最近非常受欢迎。是的。它是这个月我唯一看过的节目。修饰先行词program的定语从句中动词watched缺少主语，故用代词that，故选D。27The city _ I visited last year has changed a lot.Really? I hope to go there one day.AwhereBthatCwhen【答案】B【解析】句意：我去年参观的那个城市有了很大的变化。真的吗？我希望有一天去那

33、儿。这是定语从句的结构，先行词city在从句中应是宾语，所以引导词不能用副词形式，where是副词，that 代词，when副词；故选B28- Have you ever seen the film The Shawshank Redemption?-Yes, and I think it is the best film teaches me a lot.AthatBwhichCwhatD/【答案】A【解析】句意：你看过电影肖申克的救赎吗？ 是的，我认为这是一部教我很多的最好的电影。首先分析句子结构，本句中的_ teaches me a lot在复合句中作定语从句，由于先行词是film 指物

34、，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰，因而只能用that来引导后面的定语从句，不能用which。故选A。29Yu Guangzhong is a famous writer and poet_ wrote the well-known poem Nostalgia （乡愁） and passed away on December 14th, 2017.AwhoBwhichCwhatDwhose【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：余光中是一位著名的作家和诗人，曾写过著名的乡愁，于2017年12月14日去世。考查定语从句。A. who谁；B. which哪一个；C. what什么；D.

35、 whose谁的；由题干可知本题考查定语从句，先行词指的是人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who来引导；故答案选A。30You Raise Me Up is a song _ brings me much courage in the face of challenges.AwhoBwhenCwhichDwhere【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你鼓舞了我是一首歌，它带给我面对挑战的勇气。A. who定语从句关系词，先行词是人； B. when定语从句关系词；做时间状语；C. which定语从句关系词，先行词是物；D. where定语从句关系词，做地点状语。a song 是物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选B。