(英语)-高中英语语法填空试题(有答案和解析).doc

1、（英语） 高中英语语法填空试题(有答案和解析)一、语法填空1阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A few months _(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she _(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, _(explain

2、)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. This woman felt every bit her age. she recalled. I dont let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I _ (make)over the years. Im only as old as I feel. Each of us has _actual age, the number we celebrate

3、on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel _(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some _(connect)among them. People _a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic in

4、heritance(继承)tend _(score) younger on these assessments. When scientists ask, How old do you feel, most of the time? the answer can reflect the state of peoples physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, _is called subjective age. 【答案】 earlier；noticed；explaining；have made；an；youthfu

5、l/young；connection/connections；with；to score；which 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，有的人看起来比实际年龄小，是因为健康的生活方式，好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻，研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。 （1）考查形容词。根据后文的had finished过去完成时，可判断事情发生在过去之前，a few months earlier“几个月之前”，可以和过去完成时连用，故填earlier。 （2）考查时态。根系句子可知此处是从句谓语动词，此处考查固定句型had donewhen(从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事突然就，故填noticed。 （3

6、）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the woman和explain（解释）之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填explaining。 （4）考查时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词，根据下文的over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为现在完成时，主语为I，故填have made。 （5）考查冠词。age的可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又actual是元音音素开头，故填an。 （6）考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel的表语，youth的形容词是young和youthful，故填young/youthful。 （7）考查名词。此处应填名词作为f

7、inding的宾语，connect的名词形式connection为可数名词，some可以理解为“一些/某个”，故此处可以用名词单数形式，也可用复数形式，故填connection/connections。 （8）考查介词。句意：拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意表示“有”的介词是with，故填with。 （9）考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth固定短语，“倾向于做某事”，故填to score。 （10）考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填

8、which。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，时态，非谓语动词，冠词，介词，名词，定语从句以及多个知识点的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。2阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists say crocodiles have outlived dinosaurs _some 65 million years. One reason why they are such good _ (survive) is that they can go for

9、a very long time without eating. And they are expert hunters,_(use) their strong jaws to bite their prey(猎物) and then swallow it whole. When they lose a tooth they grow one right back. A crocodile can go through 8,000 _(tooth) in one lifetime! What does the expression crocodile tears mean? Simply pu

10、t, crocodile tears are fake sadness. You pretend _(cry) and feel bad for something when in fact you could not care _(little). A great word to describe it is insincere. The phrase crocodile tears comes from an old myth that crocodiles would shed tears while eating their prey. A religious worker wrote

11、 that _ a crocodile found a man by the water, it would kill him if it could. Then the crocodile would cry tears on the man, but then finally swallow _(he). Another myth suggests _crocodile is very clever indeed. Crocodiles, the story goes, would cry tears as a false show of guilt or sadness to trick

12、 their prey. The prey would come closer and then become dinner. Scientists explain that crocodiles DO create tears, but they do not cry. The tears help to clean their eyes. Crying is purely emotional and it _ (reserve) for us humans.【答案】 by；survivors；using；teeth；to cry；less；if/when/once；him；the；is r

13、eserved 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，解释了短语“鳄鱼的眼泪”的含义，它表示虚假的悲伤。科学家解释说，鳄鱼的确会流泪，但它们不会哭。眼泪有助于清洁他们的眼睛。哭纯粹是感情用事，是人类的天性。 （1）考查介词。句意：科学家说，鳄鱼比恐龙寿命长约6500万年。outlive by固定短语，“比寿命长”，故填by。 （2）考查名词。句意：它们是如此优秀的幸存者的一个原因是它们可以长时间不吃东西。根据上文good为形容词修饰名词可知应填名词survivor“幸存者”，且主语they are可知应填复数形式，故填survivors。 （3）考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是专业的捕猎者，用它们强有

14、力的下颚来咬它们的猎物，然后把它整个吞下去。本句中use做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语they构成主动关系用现在分词，故填using。 （4）考查名词。句意：一条鳄鱼一生能咬掉8000颗牙!tooth为可数名词，由8000修饰应用复数形式，故填teeth。 （5）考查非谓语动词。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。pretend to do sth.固定短语“假装做某事”，故填to cry。 （6）考查形容词。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。根据上文”you could not“可知为“否定词+形容词比较级”表示最高级结构，故填less。 （7）考查连词。

15、句意：如果/当/一旦一条鳄鱼在水边发现了一个人，它会杀死他。本句可理解为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，可填if；也可理解为时间状语从句，表示“当时候”或“一旦”，可填when或once，故填if/when/once。 （8）考查代词。句意：然后鳄鱼会对着他哭，最后把他吞下去。做动词swallow的宾语应用人称代词的宾格形式，故填him。 （9）考查冠词。句意：另一个传说表明鳄鱼确实很聪明。此处表示特指“鳄鱼”这个物种，应用定冠词，故填the。 （10）考查时态语态。句意：哭纯粹是感情用事，是人类的天性。本句中it指代上文crying，且与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为i

16、t，故填is reserved。 【点评】本题考点涉及介词，名词，非谓语动词，形容词，连词，代词，冠词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。3阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. Th

17、e carpenter thinks that his or her child can_(shape). The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, youre going to be able to turn your child _a particular kind of adult， she said The gardener, however is seldom concerned about _ (control) what the

18、child will become and instead provides a protected space _explore). The style is all about: creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem. Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said. Many parents are carpenters, and _is re

19、ally necessary for them to bring up their children. She spent decades researching childrens development and finally _(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become_ (anxiety), tense or unhappy. Were so conc

20、erned about our children _ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that were unwilling to allow them to _ (free) explore the world. she says. The truth is that the _ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.【答案】 be shaped；into；controlling；to

21、explore；it；found；anxious；who/that；freely；less 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。 （1）考查语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知，此处主语与动词之间为被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。 （2）考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn . into.固定短语，“将.变成.”，故填into。 （3）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词a

22、bout的宾语。故填controlling。 （4）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词space。故填to explore。 （5）考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母，对他们来说，把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为Its十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸，意为“对某人来说，做某事是”,在 该句中是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。 （6）考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展，最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and

23、及前句中的谓语动词spent可知，此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。 （7）考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑，紧张或不快乐。此处用所给词的形容词作become的表语。故填anxious。 （8）考查定语从句。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是our children，故此处用关系代词who/that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。 （9）考查副词。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很

24、难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词explore。故填freely。 （10）考查形容词。句意: 事实是，父母越不担心结果，他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根据句意“事实是，父母对结果的担心越少，他们的孩子的生活就越好”可知，此处用所给形容词的比较级,且枸成“the十比较级,the十比较级”的结枸。故填less。 【点评】本题考点涉及语态，介词，非谓语动词，代词，时态，形容词，定语从句，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。4阅读下面材料，

25、在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Keeping a diary in English is one of the _ (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability. _ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes _ time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. _ we insist in this practice, gradually

26、well learn how to express _in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly come across many _(difficult). In the first place, _ often happens that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chin

27、ese. As far as I _(concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is _ great use to keep a diary in English for _ development of our writi

28、ng skills. 【答案】 effective；Compared；less；If；ourselves；difficulties；it；am concerned；of；the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了用英语写日记的好处。 （1）考查形容词。句意：用英语记日记是提高我们写作能力的有效方法之一。此处在句中作定语，修饰中心词ways，因此用形容词。故填effective。 （2）考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他形式的写作相比，日记更短，花费的时间更少。此处在句中作状语，且compare与句子主语it之间是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动；此处位于句首，因此首字母要大写。故填Comp

29、ared。 （3）考查形容词。句意：与其他形式的写作相比，日记更短，花费的时间更少。根据句意以及句中shorter and 可知and之后要用形容词的比较级构成并列结构，time是不可数名词，应用形容词little的比较级less修饰。故填less。 （4）考查连词。句意：如果我们坚持这种做法，渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。此句用if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，而且在句首，首字母应大写。故填If。 （5）考查代词。句意：如果我们坚持这种做法，渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。反身代词指代主语，使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。根据句意可知，此处主语we发出的动作施加在自己身上，应使用反身

30、代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 （6）考查名词。句意：在用英语记日记的过程中，我们肯定遇到许多困难。此处前有many修饰，因此用名词复数。故填difficulties。 （7）考查代词。句意：首先，我们常常很难找到合适的词语来表达我们的思想。此处代替句中的主语从句that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind，因此用形式主语it。It happens that. . . 固定句式，“碰巧”故填it。 （8）考查固定搭配。句意：就我而言，我的建议是我们应该随

31、时准备一本笔记本和一本汉英词典。as far as I am concerned固定短语，“就我而言”，根据语境可知，此处描述的是目前的状态，应使用一般现在时。故填am concerned。 （9）考查介词。句意：总之，我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。be of +抽象名词，表示人或物的特征；be of great use= be very useful“是很有用的”。故填of。 （10）考查冠词。句意：总之，我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。此处特指写作技巧的培养，应使用定冠词the。故填the。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，非谓语动词，连词，代词。名词，固

32、定短语，介词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。 5阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Out of the 20 little things youve always wondered about, one of them _ (probable) has to do with the small _ (five) pocket on your jeans. By now, you might have given up on tryi

33、ng to use it since its too small to fit anything you actually need. But why is it there in the first place? Well, today, it doesnt really serve _ purpose, but it used to in the late 1800s. Actually the small pocket is called a watch pocket because it was originally intended as a safe place for men t

34、o store their pocket _ (watch). It _ (date) back to Levis first ever pair of jeans, which hit the market in 1879. The Levi Strauss blog also pointed _ that originally, there were only four pockets on a pair of blue jeans, the watch pocket _ (include). The first blue jeans had four pocketsonly one in

35、 back and, in the front, two plus the small, watch pocket, the blog stated. So next time you find _ (you) standing casually with your thumb hooked in that small pocket, know that it originally _ (use) to store a pocket watch. And now that weve got to know the tiny jean pocket, find out _ blue is the

36、 most common color.【答案】 probably；fifth；a；watches；dates；out；included；yourself；was used；why 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了牛仔裤上的第五个小口袋的原始用途。 （1）考查副词。句意：在你一直想知道的20件小事中，有一件可能与你牛仔裤上的第五个小口袋有关。修饰动词短语has to do with用副词，故填probably。 （2）考查数词。句意：在你一直想知道的20件小事中，有一件可能与你牛仔裤上的第五个小口袋有关。空后的pocket是单数，这表明此处用序数词，表示第五个，故填fifth。 （3）考

37、查冠词。句意：今天，它并没有真正的用途，但在19世纪晚期，它曾经有过用途。purpose是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故填a。 （4）考查名词。句意：实际上，这个小口袋被称为怀表口袋，因为它原本是男人存放怀表的安全地方。watch是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填watches。 （5）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它可以追溯到李维斯的第一条牛仔裤，这条牛仔裤在1879年上市。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填dates。 （6）考查副词。句意：李维斯的博客还指出，原来，蓝色牛仔裤上只有四个口袋，怀表口袋也包括在内。point ou

38、t固定短语，指出，故填out。 （7）考查非谓语动词。句意：李维斯的博客还指出，原来，蓝色牛仔裤上只有四个口袋，怀表口袋也包括在内。watch pocket 与include之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填included。 （8）考查代词。句意：所以下次当你发现自己的大拇指插在那个小口袋里，随意地站着的时候，要知道它原来是用来存放怀表的。根据句意可知此处表示你自己，故填yourself。 （9）考查时态语态。句意：所以下次当你发现自己的大拇指插在那个小口袋里，随意地站着的时候，要知道它原来是用来存放怀表的。sth be used to do表示某物是被用来的，or

39、iginally表明陈述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was used。 （10）考查宾语从句。句意：现在我们已经了解了牛仔裤的这个小口袋，下面我们来找出为什么蓝色是牛仔裤最常见的颜色。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。 【点评】本题考点涉及副词，数词，冠词，名词，时态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，代词以及宾语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。6阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ever wondered

40、 how many calories are in the human body? Or ever wondered why old people have _(big) ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (搞笑诺贝尔奖) have got the answers. He Ig Nobel Prizes, founded in 1991, are to honor achievements _first make people laugh, and then make them think, The ceremony

41、_(take) place at Harvard University every year. Winners acceptance _(speech) are limited to 60 seconds, _(strict) policed by an eight-year-old girl. The honored research might seem ridiculous _first sight, but that doesnt mean it lacks scientific value. For example, the research in 2006 on why dry s

42、paghetti tends to break into more than two pieces was important _(discover) failure in bridge spans (跨度) or human bones And a follow-up paper _(publish) by MIT physicists several years later. But people are more likely to read about _(break) spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there

43、is no immediate usefulness, _is still good to encourage people to observe and think.【答案】 bigger；that/ which；takes；speeches；strictly；at；to discover；was published；breaking；it 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，搞笑诺贝尔奖听起来似乎很搞笑,但是这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。 （1）考查形容词。句意：或者想知道为什么老年人的耳朵比以前大? 根据句意和than可知这里要用形容词的比较级,故填bigger。 （2）考查定语从句。分析可

44、知空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词为achievements,指物。空格处在句中做主语所以要用that或者which引导这个定语从句,故填that/which。 （3）考查主谓一致和时态。分析可知take在句中做谓语。这里介绍的是一般事实,要用一般现在时。主语the ceremony为单数,谓语动词也要用单数,故填takes。 （4）考查名词。speech为可数名词,根据后面的are判断这里要用其复数形式,故填speeches。 （5）考查副词。空格处修饰动词police要用副词,故填strictly。 （6）考查介词。句意：乍一看,这项久享盛名的研究似乎很荒谬,但这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。

45、at first sight固定短语，乍一看；一看到.就,故填at。 （7）考查非谓语动词。这里使用了sth/sb+be+adj+to do的结构,故填to discover。 （8）考查语态时态。本句的事情已经发生,事情发生在过去要用一般过去时。谓语动词publish和主语a follow-up paper是被动关系,要用被动语态。a follow-up paper是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。故填was published。 （9）考查非谓语动词。about为介词,后面的动词要用动名词形式,故填breaking。 （10）考查代词。句意：即使没有立竿见影的效果,鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。

46、根据句意,分析可知在主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主语,要用it做形式主语,故填it。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，定语从句，主谓一致，名词，副词，非谓语动词，时态语态以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。7阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Boat Building is a long-winded and time-consuming business, eve

47、n when _ is going down the slipway is a small craft _(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass. Construct a mould(模具). Build up layers of resin(树脂) and glass fibre inside that mould. Extract the completed structure and finish it. All told, it can take months. That, _, may soon change. For researchers at the University of Maine