人教版英语选修八unit1Reading知识讲解课件.ppt

1、 Unit 1 A land of diversityReading All the leaves are brown.And the sky is grey.Ive been for a walk.On a winters day.Id be safe and warm.If I was in L.A.California dreaming!On such a winters day!Stopped into a church.I passed along the way.Well I got down on my knees.And I pretend to pray.I pretend

2、to pray.You know the preacher likes the cold.He knows Im gonna stay.If I didnt tell her.I could leave today.California dreaming CALIFORNIA(the Golden State)Lying on the Pacific Ocean,California is on the west coast of the United States,which is diverse in topography(地形地形),climate and ecological envi

3、ronment.It has an area of 411 square kilometers,Pre-readingand it is one of the US states of the largest population,with the most developed economy.Meanwhile,its pleasant weather,long beach,and graceful natural landscape make the tourism prosperous.CaliforniaMississippiPacific OceanAtlantic OceanC A

4、 N A D AMEXICOThe Gold Rush PosterLos AngelesGraumans Chinese Theatre HOLLYWOOD好莱坞星光大道好莱坞星光大道Native California IndiansCalifornia gold miners around 1849Chinatowns in CaliforniaGeneral quiz about the USA and California.The most important and largest river in the United States of America is _?A.the Oh

5、io River B.the Colorado River C.The Missouri River D.the Mississippi RiverD2.California is the _ largest state in the USA.A.third B.second C.fourth D.fifth3.California,a state in the western USA,borders _.A.the Pacific Ocean B.the Indian Ocean C.the Atlantic Ocean D.the Arctic Ocean4._ is California

6、s largest and the nations second largest city.A.Sacramento B.Los Angeles C.San Diego D.San FranciscoAAB5.Californias official nickname is the _?A.Sunflower State B.Golden State C.Land of opportunity D.Evergreen State6._has the largest population in the USA.A.California B.Alaska C.Washington D.Texas7

7、.California entered the Union on September 9,1850,as the _ state.A.thirtieth B.thirty-eighth C.thirty-second D.thirty-first BADCalifornia Listen to the tape and find out the main idea.The text mainly introduces _ of California.It describes _ _ happened in various times.It also tells us _,_ and _ dif

8、ferent people from all over the world having been immigrating to California.It explains to us _why it will be a simple multicultural community in the 21st century.the short historythe great history whenhowwhythe reasonseventsThe main idea of each part:Part 1Part 2Part 3The introduction of California

9、The history of settlement of CaliforniaThe futureNative AmericansThe SpanishRussiansGold minersLater arrivalsMost recent arrivalsChoose the correct answer after reading the text.1.Why is there strong Spanish influence in California?_A.Because there were many Spanish staying in California.B.Because S

10、panish was one of the settlers living there.C.Because the local people loved Spanish culture.D.Because California was once ruled by Span.D2.After the arrival of the Europeans in the 16th century,_.A.Native people were killed or forced into slavery.B.Many native people died from diseases brought by E

11、uropeans.C.None of the native people could survive the terrible times.D.Both A and B.D3.Which of the following is false according to the text?_A.During the Gold Rush Period many people went to California in the hope of becoming rich.B.Actually every few gold miners became rich.C.During the Gold Rush

12、 Period many Chinese immigrants arrived in California only to find gold.D.California became a state of the US two years after the gold was discovered there.CB4.From the passage we can infer that _A.between the late 19th century and the early 20th century Italian and Danish immigrants came to Califor

13、nia to make wine.B.by the 1920s many Jewish people came to California because they were attracted by the film industry.C.Mexican people came to California to work in the ship and aircraft industries.D.there will be more racial or cultural groups in California because more and more people from differ

14、ent parts of the world are still coming to settle there.Answer the following questions.What are the changes of native Americans life after the arrival of Europeans?2.Why did Mexico have to give California to the United States?The native people suffered greatly and many were killed or forced into sla

15、very.In addition,many died from the diseases brought by Europeans.In 1846,the United Stated declared war on Mexico.After it lost the war,Mexico had to give California to the United Stated.3.Who were the first to arrive in California to rush for gold?4.When and why did the large number of Chinese imm

16、igrate to California?South Americans and people from the United States.During the gold rush period,many Chinese immigrated to California,and in the 1860s,a large number of Chinese went there to build the railway from the west to east coast.5.Between 1942 and 1945,why did so many African people go to

17、 California?Between 1942 and 1945,even more people came to California to work in the ship and aircraft industries.6.What attracted people from different parts of the world to immigrate to California?The temperate climate,the modern lifestyle and its diverse cultures attracted immigrates to Californi

18、a.RussiansLater Arrivals peopleThe SpanishMost Recent ArrivalsNative Americans7.How many kinds of people are mentioned in this text?Gold Miners California is the largest state in the USA and has the largest population.2.The native Americans are treated well after the arrival of Europeans.3.Of the fi

19、rst Spanish to go to California,the majority were religious men.FFTTrue or False4.In the early 1800s,Russians began setting in California.5.During Gold Rush Period,many achieved their dream of being rich.6.In the late 19th century,Chinese immigrants arrived in California.7.It is believed that before

20、 long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no major racial or culture groups.TFFTLook at the pictures below.Each illustrates something about California.A native Californian Indian was standing beside a camp.It seemed that he or she felt very happy.Maybe he or she had a good h

21、arvest.He was a gold miner.He was panning gold.He looked not only thin and weak,but also thirsty and tired.It was difficult for them to achieve the dreams of becoming rich.A building in ChinatownMany Chinese have settled in California and many of them live in Chinatown in San Francisco.By 1990,the n

22、ations being immigrated from different parts of the world had made California into the most racially and ethnically diverse state in the country.Other reference pictures about gold rush in California.15,000 years agoFirst settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America.These people are k

23、nown as Native Americans.Spanish soldiers arrived in South America.Comprehending 16th century 1 Beside each time note down an important event in Californian history.1821California became part of Mexico.The United States declared war on Mexico.Gold was discovered in California.California became the 3

24、1st state of the US.1846185018482 Beside each cultural group write the period in which they first came to California in large numbers.Spanish Russians Africans Chinese Italians Danish In the early 16th century early 1800s1800sLate 1840s/early 1850sIn the late 19th century1911 Jewish Japanese Koreans

25、 Cambodians Vietnamese Pakistanis 1920s at the beginning of the 20th centuryFrom about 1970sFrom about 1970sIn more recent decadesFrom about 1970sNative Americans the Spanish Russians Gold miners later arrivals most recent arrivals the futureMake a Summary 3 Why is California in the 21st century suc

26、h a multicultural community?(Using 3 or 4 sentences to explain.)The state of California is a multicultural community because European,African and Asian people have been immigrated to the state for the last 200 years.multi-“多、多方面、多方向多、多方面、多方向”multi-colored 多色的多色的 multi-racial 多民族的多民族的multi-media 多媒体多

27、媒体 multiparty 多党制的多党制的DiscussionWhat do you think California is like after your reading the passage?Discuss with you partners and try to give a simple introduction of it.1.diversity=variety 多样性、变化多样性、变化a diversity of vegetablesdiversify vt.使使多样性多样性,使使不同不同diversify ones skills/interestsWe should dive

28、rsify the syllabus(教学大纲教学大纲)to attract more students.A company should diversify.2.California is the third largest state in the 序数词可以修饰形容词的最高级序数词可以修饰形容词的最高级 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.可以修饰形容词最高级的词可以修饰形容词最高级的词:far/by far/much 可以修饰比较级的词可以修饰比较级的词:no/a little/a bit/any/slightly

29、/by far Youre standing too close to the camera.Can you move _?A.a bit far B.a little farther C.a bit of farther D.a little far B 3.population 人口人口 The population of China_ large.And 70%of the population of China_ peasants.表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数,表示部分人口表示部分人口 时谓语动词用复数。而形容人口的多少通常用时谓语动词用复数。而形容人口的多

30、少通常用 large/small。对人口的多少进行疑问时，可用对人口的多少进行疑问时，可用 Whats the population of?Whats the population of Guangdong?have a population of 有多少人口有多少人口 China has a population of 1.3 billion.an increase/growth in population 人口人口isare4.When the first people arrived in what we now know as California,宾语从句宾语从句=the place

31、 that we now know as California.定语从句定语从句George Washington was born in _ is now the state of Virginia.which B.where C.that D.what =George Washington was born in the place that is now the state of Virginia.D 5.However,it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousa

32、nd years ago.It is likely/possible/probable that sb/sth is likely to do sth某人某人/物有可能做某事物有可能做某事注意注意:likely 比较级为比较级为 likelier,最高级为最高级为 likelieste.g.She is _ to succeed.她有可能会成功她有可能会成功.=It is likely that she will succeed.likelyThis is a _ story.这是一个有可能发生的故事这是一个有可能发生的故事.likely辨析辨析:likely,possible,probabl

33、e按可能性程度按可能性程度,probable可能性最大可能性最大,其次为其次为likely,最小为最小为possible,但需要注意的是但需要注意的是,likely的主语可以的主语可以是人是人,但但 possible,probable 却只能用形式主语却只能用形式主语 it.6.by means of:by using 用用办法办法,借助借助 He crossed the river by means of a raft.We express out feelings by means of words.means 单复数同形单复数同形 All possible means have been

34、 tried.The quickest means of travel is by plane.by this means 用这种方法用这种方法 by no means 决不决不,一点也不一点也不 Its nothing unusual to experience failure,and by no means ought we lose heart.by any means 无论如何无论如何by all means:尽一切办法尽一切办法 anyway 无论如何无论如何/务必务必 Surely/Of course 当然可以当然可以by no means=not a bit 决不决不By no

35、means _ give in to the terrible circumstances at that time although faced with great difficulty.A.they will B.will they C.they would D.would they注意放在句首时主句使用部分倒装。注意放在句首时主句使用部分倒装。means 方法、手段、工具方法、手段、工具,单复数同形单复数同形,多和多和介词介词by 搭配。搭配。way 方法方法,普通用语。可用于任何处理事物的方式。普通用语。可用于任何处理事物的方式。多于介词多于介词in搭配。搭配。method 方法方法

36、,理论理论,指合乎逻辑或系统的方法。指合乎逻辑或系统的方法。多和介词多和介词with 搭配。搭配。De.g.teaching method 教学方法教学方法Only _ this method can you get much benefit from it when reading.A.in B.on C.with D.byWe look forward to the day when the motor car has been replaced by some less dangerous_ of transport.A.means B.methods C.ways D.mannersC

37、A1)We express our thoughts _ words.A.by this means B.by all means C.by no means D.by means of2)-May I have a look at your book?-_.A.By this means B.By all means C.By this way D.By any means3)Every means _ been tried,and all means _ well now.A.have;go B.has;go C.have;goes D.has;goesmeansD B B 7.In ad

38、dition,many died from the disease brought by Europeans.1)in addition to:除此之外除此之外,另外另外,加之加之 e.g.I met my past teacher and some former classmates _ in the supermarket.我在超市里遇见了我以前的老师我在超市里遇见了我以前的老师,还有些还有些 同班同学同班同学._cakes and candies,guests were also provided with fruits.除了有蛋糕和糖果除了有蛋糕和糖果,还给客人们准备了水果还给客人们准

39、备了水果.in additionIn addition to 2)brought by Europeans 为过去分词作定语为过去分词作定语,相当于相当于which were brought by Europeans,注意单个分词作定语放在所修饰的词前面注意单个分词作定语放在所修饰的词前面,分词短语作定语需放在所修饰的词之后。分词短语作定语需放在所修饰的词之后。English is a _ language.英语是一种被广泛使用的语言。英语是一种被广泛使用的语言。This is one of the schools _ in 1980s.这是八十年代所建的学校之一。这是八十年代所建的学校之一。

40、widely usedbuilt8.However,some survived these terrible times,and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.幸免幸免,幸免于难幸免于难 Only 12 of the 140 passengers _.在在140名乘客中只有名乘客中只有12人幸免于难。人幸免于难。1)survivesurvived 挺过来挺过来,挣扎过下去挣扎过下去e.g.I dont think I _ another Year as a t

41、eacher;just too stressful.could survive 比比(某人某人)长寿长寿,比比(通常指亲人通常指亲人)活的更长活的更长e.g.Harry _ his wife by three months.哈里比他妻子多活了三个月。哈里比他妻子多活了三个月。survived2)living in California 为现在分词短语作定语为现在分词短语作定语,相当于相当于 定语从句定语从句 who live in California。现在分词一般表示。现在分词一般表示 经常性的动作或现在的状态经常性的动作或现在的状态,也可以表示动作现在也可以表示动作现在 正在发生或者与谓语

42、动词所表示的的动作同时发生。正在发生或者与谓语动词所表示的的动作同时发生。e.g.There are three types of tiger living in China (that live in China).目前中国有三种虎。目前中国有三种虎。The picture hanging(that is hanging)on the wall is painted by my nephew.墙上挂着的那幅画是我侄儿画的墙上挂着的那幅画是我侄儿画的.9.majority n.大多数大多数 The majority _ for the budget.The majority of studen

43、ts _ hard-working.The majority of the damage _ easy to repair.is/areareis1)单独做主语时单独做主语时,若强调整体若强调整体,谓语动词用单数，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时强调个体时,谓语动词用复数。谓语动词用复数。2)the majority of+n.后可用不可数名词后可用不可数名词,也可用也可用 可数名词复数可数名词复数,谓语动词由后面的名词决定。谓语动词由后面的名词决定。3)表示领先多少票数时用不定冠词表示领先多少票数时用不定冠词a。e.g.He was elected by a majority of 50.mino

44、rity 少数的少数的1)At the meeting,young people were _.A.in majority B.in the majority C.of majority D.of the majority2)The majority of students _ trees in the fields and some are carrying water.A.is planting B.was planting C.are planting D.were planting3)The majority _ with me.A.agrees B.agree C.are agree

45、d D.is agreemajorityB C B 10.declare vt.1)to make known publicly or officially 宣布宣布,宣告宣告主席宣布了选举结果。主席宣布了选举结果。The chairman declared the results of the election.警方现在已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了。警方现在已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了。The police have declared war on drug dealers in this area.法官宣判这个窃贼有罪。法官宣判这个窃贼有罪。The judge declared the thi

46、ef guilty.2)to state with great forces so that there is no doubt about the meaning 宣称宣称,声称声称,断言断言 她郑重宣布她对此事一无所知。她郑重宣布她对此事一无所知。She solemnly declared that she knew nothing about it.请表明你的立场。请表明你的立场。Declare your position,please.她声称自己无罪。她声称自己无罪。She declared herself to be innocent.他声明此事属实。他声明此事属实。He decla

47、red that it was true.3)To make a full statement 申报申报 Have you anything to declare?announce 把大家所关心的事情把大家所关心的事情,特别是有新闻特别是有新闻价值的价值的,做一般或正式的宣布。做一般或正式的宣布。11.make/earn a/ones life 谋生、习惯新的生活方式谋生、习惯新的生活方式make/earn/get a/ones living 谋生谋生现在越来越多的年轻人去了城市并在那儿谋生。现在越来越多的年轻人去了城市并在那儿谋生。Nowadays more and more young p

48、eople move to cities to make a life there.12.However,there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state.influence n.影响力影响力,作用作用,有影响的人或物有影响的人或物e.g.Claudes work had _ on generations of musicians.克劳德的作品对几代音乐家都产生过重要影响克劳德的作品对几代音乐家都产生过重要影响.Her mother said that I was _ on her daughter.她母亲说我对她女儿产生了很坏的影响

49、。她母亲说我对她女儿产生了很坏的影响。a major influencea bad influence13.a large percentage have chosen=a large percentage of Chinese-Americans have chosen A large percentage of population live in big cities.这宾馆很大比例的收入来自于游览这湖的游客。这宾馆很大比例的收入来自于游览这湖的游客。A large percentage of the hotels income comes from the visitors to th

50、e lake.Only a small percentage of students are foreigners.percent(用在数词后用在数词后)(其余都用其余都用percentage)The result is expressed _(以百分比以百分比)._(比例越来越大比例越来越大)of the population own their own houses._(大部分大部分)people came._(百分之五十的学生百分之五十的学生)came from workers family.as a percentage An increasing percentage A large