京剧英文介绍-课件.pptx

1、CONTENTCONTENTS S、History&Status、Stylized action、Skill&Roles、Facial makeupBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaHistoryBeijinBeijing gO Operapera&StatushistoryhistoryBeijinBeijing gO Operapera Known as Chinas national opera,Beijing Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in

2、 Anhui and Hubei Provinces.During the reign of the Qianlong emperor in the Qing dynasty,Qianlong had interest in the local opera.In 1790,to celebrate his eightieth birthday,he summoned opera troupes（戏班）from different places to perform for him in Beijing.Four famous troupes from Anhui province remain

3、ed in Beijing after the celebration.In 1828,a Hubei troupe came to Beijing and often performed together with the Anhui troupes.The two types of singing mixed together and gradually a new type came into being known as Beijing Opera.statusstatusBeijinBeijing gO Operapera Beijing Opera is the most infl

4、uential and representative of all operas in China.It has a history of more than 200 years.It has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the world.Beijing Opera is a harmonious combination of many art forms.It is a synthesis of traditional music,dancing,poetry,acrobatics（杂技）and ma

5、rtial（尚武的）arts.It is famous for its exquisite costumes,beautiful make-up or painted face,and established performing conventions and rules.Stylized（程式化的）（程式化的）actionBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBeijinBeijing gO Operapera Beijing opera recreates settings and props（道具）through the use of mimed（模拟）gestures

6、and actions.The stage has no real door,carriage,boat,mountain or horse;hence the actors will mime the action of opening the door,entering through the door,getting on a carriage,rowing a boat,climbing up a mountain and riding a horse.For example,the hands showing the action of holding a rein means th

7、e actor is riding a horse,the act of opening a door means just that and walking round the stage in one circle means a long journey.Skill&RolesBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaSkillSkill That is,sing(唱),read(念),do(做)and fight(打).BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaS ShenghengDanDanJingJingRolesRolesChouChouMale roleF

8、emale rolePainted face male roleClown roleBeijinBeijing gO Operapera The roles on the Chinese opera stage fall into four categories Sheng,Dan,Jing and Chou.These roles have the natural features of age and sex,as well as social status,and are artificially exaggerated by makeup,costume and gestures.Sh

9、engSheng The Lao sheng is a dignified（庄重的）older role.These characters have a gentle and cultivated disposition and wear sensible costumes.Young male characters are known as Xiao sheng.These characters sing in a high,shrill voice with occasional breaks to represent the voice changing period of adoles

10、cence.The Wu sheng is a martial（尚武的）character for roles involving combat.They are highly trained in acrobatics（杂技）,and have a natural voice when singing.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaDanDanQing Qing yiyi (青衣）青衣）Wu Wu dandan (武旦）武旦）Lao Lao dandan (老老旦）旦）HuaHua dandan (花花旦旦)The Dan refers to any female ro

11、le in Beijing Opera.Dan roles were originally divided into four types.Virtuous（道德高尚的）and elite women were Qing yi,martial women were Wu dan,old women were Lao dan,and vivacious（活泼的）and unmarried women were Hua dan.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaZhengZheng jingjing (正正净）净）JingJingFu Fu jingjing(副副净）净）Wu W

12、u jingjing(武净）武净）The Jing is a painted face male role.Depending on the repertoire（全部剧目）of the particular troupe,he will play either primary or secondary roles.This type of role will entail a forceful character,so a Jing must have a strong voice and be able to exaggerate gestures.BeijinBeijing gO Ope

13、raperaChouChou Wen Wen Chou Chou(文丑）文丑）Wu Wu chouchou(武丑武丑)The Chou is a male clown role.The Chou usually plays secondly roles in a troupe.Indeed,most studies of Beijing opera classify the Chou as a minor role.Chou roles can be divided into Wen chou,civilian roles such as merchants and jailers（狱卒）,a

14、nd Wu chou,minor military roles.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaFacial makeupBeijinBeijing gO Operapera Beijing opera typesBeijing opera typesofof facial makeup in operas facial makeup in operas Beijing opera types of facial makeup in operas,is a special feature of a national cosmetic.As each historical f

15、igure or a certain type of person has an approximate spectral type,like sing,play music to the music,so called“types of facial makeup in operas”.On the types of facial makeup in operas sources,the general view is from mask.Beijing opera types of facial makeup in operas are based on certain personali

16、ty,temperament or some special types of figures for the use of certain colors.BeijinBeijing gO Operapera Black faces,usually have neutral meanings,symbolizing just brave criticized integrity and even reckless,however,they can also signifies uprightness.Red faces have positive meanings,symbolizing lo

17、yal,brave,faithful and wise men,such as Guan Yu.BeijinBeijing gO Operapera signifies vicious brutality(凶狠残暴),such as Dian Wei.Purple is a positive color,which signifies wisdom and bravery.faces have negative meanings that symbolize treacherous奸诈,insidious阴险 and crafty狡猾 men,such as Cao cao.BeijinBei

18、jing gO Operapera Blue or green have neutral meanings that symbolize the hero of the bush,with the former also hinting at strength and intrepidity （无畏）.Gold and silver faces symbolize mysteriousness,and stand for monsters or gods.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaFour Four Famous Famous Dan Dan ActorsActors

19、逼逼格格 Mei Lan fang梅兰芳梅兰芳Xun Huisheng荀慧生荀慧生逼逼格格Cheng Yan qiu程砚秋程砚秋Shang Xiao yun尚小云尚小云BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaThe Mei Lanfang School 梅派The Cheng Yanqiu School 程派The Shang Xiaoyun School 尚派The Xun Huisheng School 荀派Four famous Branches of Beijing Opera named after famous per

20、forming artists In this word there are only two kinds of people,those who like Beijing Opera,and the other people dont know they like Beijing Opera.Wang Peiyu(王佩瑜）BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBeijinBeijing gO Operapera Beijing Opera is the essence of traditional Chinese arts.I hope you can learn more about Beijing Opera and enjoy the beauty of Beijing Opera.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaQ&A