(英语)情态动词练习题含答案.doc
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1、【英语】情态动词练习题含答案一、单项选择情态动词1would可以表达过去常常做的事,过去习惯发生的动作:Pirates would bury gold in a cave. 海盗们常常把黄金藏在山洞中。We would take a walk along the river. 我们过去常常沿河散步。3. would后接like、love、mind等动词,表示要求、邀请、希望或询问,此时不是说过去,而是对现在的询问:Would you like to come to my party? 你愿意来我的派对吗?Would you mind coming with us? 你介意和我们一起吗?比如本题
2、,would 表示婉转的请求,征求对方的意见,故选A。2What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ it better.Aneed have doneBmust have doneCcan have doneDmight have done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意:真遗憾啊!考虑到他的能力和经验,他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构,表示对过去行为的怀疑;用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”,表示怀疑;need have done需要做某事,实际上却未做(表示虚拟语气)
3、;must have done一定做了某事(表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测);might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故D正确。【点睛】本题是高考必考考点,一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。cant have done过去不可能做了某事;shouldnt have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做;neednt have done本没有必要做某事;注意没有mustnt have done的形式。3Di
4、d you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?Yes, but I dont think I _ because my director was there.Aneed to haveBneed toCneeded toDneed have【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?是的,但我想我(本来)不需要,因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时,要把从句的否定词not前移,即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“
5、need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”;“neednt have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)在”可推断出,我本来不必要去。故选D。4Traveling by subway _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.AmustBcanCshallDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险
6、,尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须;一定;B. can能够;可能;C. shall将会;D. should应该;应当。本句中can表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力),故选B。5Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that_ possible just a few years agoAwould have beenBmight have beenCshouldnt have beenDcouldnt have been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意:很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验,这在几年前
7、是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知,此处表示“过去不可能”,应该用couldnt have done,故D项正确。6Our English teacher is considerate,helpful,and warm-hearted,but sometimes she_ be angry at our silly mistakes.AshouldBmustCcanDshall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们的英语老师很体贴、乐于助人、热心肠,但有时她可能为我们愚蠢的错误而发火。can表示一种客观的可能性,但不一定会发生,故C项正确。7Look! Ther
8、e are so many mistakes in your composition. You _ have fixed full attention on it.AcanBshouldCneedDmight【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:看!你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构,can have done表示可能;need表示需要;might have done表示可能做过某事;故选B。8It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, a
9、s he is the only one with a car.AmayBcanCmustDshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意:一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的,因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能;B. can可能;C. must一定;D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的,非常有把握的肯定推测,故选C。9You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didnt you?No, I didnt phone you. It someone else.
10、Amust have beenBcould beCmust beDcould have been【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话,是吗?”“不,我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” musthavedone是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测,意思是“一定”,结合语境可知,我没有打电话给你,因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 。故选A项。10Lack of sleep _ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.AshallBmustCshoul
11、dDcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降,还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将;B. must必须;C. should应该;D. can会,表示理论上或是逻辑判断上,用can,故选D。11I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma _ comfort me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.AwouldBmightCshouldDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:在我十几岁的时候,我经常感到烦恼,我的奶奶会安慰我说,“生活就是这样,亲爱
12、的”。此处是would+动词原形,表示“过去总是做某事”。故选A。12One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.AmightBcouldCshallDwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:我们其中一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。shall可以表示“命令,警告,强制要求;允诺;法律,规定要做”,结合句意可知C正确。13It has been announced that all the candidates _ remain in their seats u
13、ntil all the papers have been collected.AshallBcouldCwouldDought【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意:据宣布,所有的候选人都要坐在位置上,直到所有的试卷都被收齐。根据句意可知本句是考试规则,情态动词shall可以表示“按照规则/规定/法律要做的事情”,符合本句语境。故A项正确。14It is really cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last night.AmightBmustCcanDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:天气很冷而
14、且地面是湿的,昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知,“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的,故用must have done“必定做了”表示对过去十分有把握的推测,故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done:表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测,推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过(存在过)。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生,他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断
15、的偷窃动作发生在过去.The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下,因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用,还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测,但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如:They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了,现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是
16、:They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”(这不是对过去的肯定推测,而是断定动作已经完成。)15The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.Ashould have avoidedBshould be avoidedCcould have avoidedDcould have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查“情态动词
17、+完成式”。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”,且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构:1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句。如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。c
18、an和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱。如:He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could。如:They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余。如:I neednt have bought so much win
19、eonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些。如:You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.(但没有)He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了)6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明
20、某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如:I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.16-Can I pay the bill by credit card?-Sorry, sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.AshallBneedCwillDmus
21、t【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. shall用于法律法规或条文中,表示义务、规定等;B. need需要;C. will会;D. must必须。句意:我能用信用卡支付么?对不起,先生,现金支付是我们酒店的管理规定。故A项正确。17Whats wrong with the door?The key has got stuck in it and _ come out.AshouldntBmustntCneedntDwont【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:-门怎么了?-钥匙卡在里面出不来了。A. shouldnt不应该;B. mustnt禁止;C. neednt
22、不需要;D. wont不会。wont表示拒绝时,其主语有时可以是“物”。故选D项。18Its so cold here! Why havent you turned on your air-conditioner?Well, it _ turn on.AshouldntBcantCwontDshant【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:这里太冷了!你为什么不把空调打开呢?嗯,这个空调老是打不开。A. shouldnt不应该;B. cant不能;C. wont偏偏不,老是不,此处是表示习惯或倾向;D. shant不会。这里使用will的否定wont表示事物的自然属性“空调总是开不开”。
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