2020年小学英语语法汇总讲解精编版.doc

1、小学英语语法汇总讲解（一）时态定义特征动词的变化规则一般现在时：表示经常性或习惯性的动作.every day/morning/usually第三人称单数的变化情况:1. 一般情况在词尾直接加-s2. 以ch,sh,s,x或o结尾的词加-es3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,将y改成i再加-es现在进行时：表示现在或现在一阶段正在进行的动作.now/ look/ listen现在分词的变化情况:1. 一般情况在词尾直接加-ing2. 以e结尾的词,去掉e再加-ing3. 以重读闭音节结尾的词,双写最后一个字母加-ing一般过去时：表示过去某时发生的动作或情况.yesterday morning/af

2、ternoon/eveninglast year/montha minute ago/an hour agothis morning/afternoon/evening动词过去式的变化情况:1. 一般情况在词尾直接加-ed2. 以e结尾的词加-d3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,将y改成i再加-ed4. 以重读闭音节结尾的词,双写最后一个字母加-ed一般将来时：表示将要发生的事情tomorrowthe day after tomorrow/the next day/Mondayat the weekend/tonighttomorrow night/morning/afternoon主要构成be

3、going to/will + 动词原形be +形容词凡是在must, mustnt, can, cant, lets, dont, may，will后的一定要用动词的原形（二) 名词的复数名词按其数,可分两种:可数名词和不可数名词.可数名词的复数变化规则:1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s, 如:girl-girls, book-books, pen-pens2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,在词后加-es, 如:class-classes, box-boxes, match-matches,3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y 为i 再加-es, 如:city-cities, family-fam

4、ilies, country- countries4.以f或fe结尾的,变f或fe为v再加-es, 如:knife-knives, wife-wives, life-lives,5.以o 结尾的加-es或-s, 如: radio-radios, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, zoo-zoos, photo-photos,6.man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, child-children,(三) 形容词的比较级、最高级形容词有比较级与最高级之分, 单音节词的变化规则:1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-er或-est, 如:smal

5、l-smaller-smallest, short-shorter-shortest2.以e结尾的,加-er或-est, 如:large-larger-largest, nice-nicer-nicest.3.以辅音字母+y结尾的, 变y 为i 再加-er或-est, 如:busy-busier-busiest, heavy-heavier-heaviest.4.以重读闭音节,一个辅音字母结尾的,双写该字母,再加-er或-est, 如:big-bigger-biggest, thin-thinner-thinnest.5.多音节的词,前加more, most, 如: beautiful-mor

6、e beautiful-most beautiful.6.good-better-best(四) be 动词,助动词现阶段be动词形式有: am, is, are, were, was, isnt, arent, werent, wasnt助动词形式有: do, does, did, dont, doesnt, didnt 1. 在英语句子中进行变化的时候, 有be动词的就在be动词上变化,变 “过去”, “否定”;否定 过去 否定am-am not(第一人称 “I” ) am, is - was - wasntis - isnt (第三人称) are -were - werentare-ar

7、ent (you和其它人称)2. 没有be动词的就要加助动词;否定 过去 过去否定do -dont -did-didntdoes(第三人称单数)-doesnt -did-didnt (五) 人称代词名词性物主代词，形容词性物主代词（六） 特殊疑问词What is this?What is this in English?What is the matter?What is the weather like?What is the country like?What is she/he/推进一带一路建设既要What do you like?文成公主进藏教学实录What does he do?Wh

8、at do you have for?What colour?极昼的知识What class?What grade?李政化学口诀总结What time?What day?What do/does/did+?How are you?How old?教学资源网站How How many?数学与应用数学专业代码How much?How long?新学期教学工作How do/does/did+?Which +n.+ （be动词/助动词）+?Whose+ n.+ （be动词/助动词）+?教师教育理念一句话Where+ v. （be动词/助动词）+sb. +?数学文化答案When +v. （be动词/助动词）+ sb.+?Who +v. （be动词/助动词/行为动词）+sb.+?智慧树管理学答案Why +v. （be动词/助动词）+ sb. +?有can, will, must这几个词的句子，所有的句型转换都在此词变化