广州上海深圳版牛津英语七年级英语上册全套各单元语法学案(DOC 34页).doc

1、2015-2016广州上海深圳版牛津英语七年级英语上册全套各单元语法学案Unit 1 making friends Date:_ name:_【语法专讲】特殊疑问句：以疑问代词what, who, whose, which或疑问副词when, where, why, how 等放在句首提问的句子，叫特殊疑问句。答句必须针对问句中的疑问词来回答，疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词。一、特殊疑问词(一) 疑问代词who/whom/whose/what/which1. who, whom, whose 只能指人who常作主语或宾语；whom作宾语，可用who替代；whose常作定语或表语。eg: Who

2、taught you math last year? (主语)Whom did you see? (宾语)Whose father works in Shenzhen? (定语)2. what用来询问物或数量，用来询问人时涉及人的职业，身份或外貌。如：What would you like to eat today? 你今天想吃什么？ What is your mother ? 你妈妈是干什么的？3. which用来询问人或物，一般有特定的选择范围。如：Which is your sister of the two girls? 那两个姑娘中哪个是你姐姐？(二)疑问副词 常用的疑问副词有：wh

3、ere, when, why, how以及how引伸的一些疑问词组，如：how much (many), how long, how old, how far, how often, how soon等。他们在句中通常作状语，可表时间，方式，原因等。如：When will you come back? 你什么时候回来？Where did you put your mobile phone? 你把手机放哪Why are you late? 你为什么迟到？How long did you stay in Beijing? 你在北京呆了多久？二、不定冠词1. 不定冠词是a/an，一般放在名词之前。a

4、 用于以辅音（不是辅音字母）开头的单词前，an用于以元音（不是元音字母）开头的单词前。如：a boy 一个男孩 a European country 一个欧洲国家an island 一座岛屿 an hour 一小时2. 不定冠词的用法(1) 用在可数名词的单数形式前面*表示一类事物或人中的任何一个。如：There is an island over there. 那儿有一座岛Be sure to bring me a dictionary. 一定要给我带本字典来。 *表示一类事物或人，a/an 在此处不用翻译。如： An ear is an organ for listening. 耳朵是听觉

5、器官。 A tiger is a wild animal. 老虎是一种野生动物。 (2) 用在专有名词前面，表示“一个”、“一种”、“一类”或“一个类似.的”。如：That city is a Venice in China.那座城市是中国的威尼斯。【知识巩固】一、根据A句的意思,对A句的划线部分提问，完成B句。1. A. She often goes to work by bike every day. B. _ _ she often _ to work every day?2. A. The blue T-shirt is Bills. B. _ _ the blue T-shirt?3

6、. A. My father will go to Kunming next week. B. _ _ your father go to Kunming?4. A. His brother is about five years old. B. _ _ is his brother?5. A. They went to the park yesterday afternoon. B. _ _ they _ yesterday afternoon?二、填入适当的疑问词1. A: _ is the boy in blue? B: Hes Mike.2. A: _ wallet is it? B:

7、 Its mine.3. A: _ is the diary? B: Its under the chair.4. A: _ is the Christmas Day? B: Its on the 25th of December.5. A: _ are the earphones? B: They are 25 yuan.6. A: _ is the hairdryer? B: Its blue.7. A:_ is it today? B: Its Sunday.8. A: _ was it yesterday? B: It was the 13th of October.9. A:_ th

8、is red one? B: Its beautiful.10. A: _ is it from here? B: Its about two kilometers away.三、用a或an填空1. _ honest boy 2. _ ugly man 3. _ useful tool 4. _ one-act play5. _ uncle 6. _ uniform 7. _ university8. _ hour9. _ umbrella10. _ interesting story11. _ “x”12. _ “s”13. _ “h”14. _ “u”【随堂练习】一、根据汉语提示，将句子所

9、缺部分写完整，每空一词。1. _ _is your teacher? I dont know. (多高)2. _ _ is the picture on the wall? Its red. （什么颜色）3. _ _ do you get up every day? At 6:30. （几点）4. _ _ books do you have? Fifteen.（多少）5. _ _are you in? Im in Class 3, Grade 8. （几班）6. _ _dose she take a shower? Twice a week. （多久一次）7. _ _will you stay

10、 here? For seven days. （多长时间）8. _ _is the T-shirt? Its 50 yuan. （多少钱）二、根据句意，请从方框中选出合适的特殊疑问词来完成句子。What; how; when; where ; whose; which; why1. I have two apples, _one do you like better?2. _ do you go to school every day ? On foot .3. _did you go last night ? I went to the cinema.4. _do you get up so

11、 early? Because I want to do morning exercise.5. _can I do for you ? I would like a pencil.6. _shirt is this ? Maybe its Lilys.7. _did you go to bed last night ? At about 11:00.8. _ do you want to buy for your mother? A sweater.三、选择填空。 1. She has _ orange skirt _ skirt is nice Aa；The Ban；The Can；A D

12、the；The 2. There is _ old bike _ old bike is Mr. Zhaos Aan ；The Bthe；An Ca；The Dthe；The 3. _ apple a day keeps the doctors away AThe BA CAn DTwo 4. This is _ empty glass. Would you please give me _ full one? Aa, an B. an, a C. the, a D. an, the 5. At that time Tom was _ one-year-old baby Aa Ban Cthe

13、 D 6. We cant see _ sun at _ night Athe；the Bthe； Ca； D；7. _ useful book it is！ AWhat an BHow a CWhat a DWhat8. How many books do you have？ I have _ bookThats _ English book Aa；an Ba；one Cone；an Done；one9. There is _ university in our town. A. a B. an C. the D. /10 _ Great Wall is _ longest wall in

14、the world AA；a BThe；the CA；the DThe；aUnit 2 Daily Life语法【学习目标】1.对第二单元的重点语法一般现在时的全面复习及强化 2.通过听、说、读、写训练全面提高英语水平一、一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实和普遍真理。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。补充：4.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中， 用一般现在时表示将来。如：

15、 If you come this afternoon, well have a party. 如果你今天下午来，我们就举行一个宴会。 5. 一般现在时还可以表示一个按规定、计划或安排将要发生的情况（这时都有一个表示未来时间的状语）。但仅限于少数动词。如: begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, return, stop, close等。如： The meeting begins at seven. 7点开会。二、一般现在时常用下列副词或副词短语来作时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hard

16、ly, never, every day(week, year, night), on Sundays, on Monday, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a month 例句: I often visit my teachers. 我经常看望我的老师。 例句: They do morning exercises every day. 他们每天做早操。其中根据频度的“密疏”，频度副词的排列顺序是：always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，b

17、e动词、助动词和情态动词之后；而副词短语经常位于句末或句首。例如：I often get up early. 我经常起得早。He is always kind to others. 他总是对别人很好。I walk to school every day. 我每天步行去上学。对频度副词提问时，用how often.-How often do you go to see your grandparents? -Once a week.区分：sometime, some time, sometimes, some timessometime指将来或过去的“某个时候”，指时间点；some time“一

18、些时间，相当长的时间”，指时间段；sometimes“有时”，是频度副词；some time“几次，几倍”，time作可数名词，意为“次数，倍数”every day表示“每天，天天”，是副词短语；而everyday表示“日常的”，是形容词，强调平常与普通。 English is widely used in everyday life.英语在日常生活中广泛使用。三、一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,

19、 she,it)时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数，即要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。四、一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread. 当主语

20、为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?五、动词碰到第三人称单数时，要进行相应的变化:

21、动词+s的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks work - works2. 以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies carry - carries4. have - has【经典练习】I.写出下列动词的相应形式： 1. 第三人称单数： wash_ match _guess_ study_ finish_ go_ snow_ carry_ 2.写出下

22、列动词的过去式：stop_ see_ drive _let_ carry_ keep_ join_ find_ think_ teach_ catch_ 3. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式： stay_ begin_ forget_ forget_ lie_ die _ run_ prefer_ give_ ring_ dance_ hope_ III单项选择： 1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow. A. dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain 2. There _ an E

23、nglish film next week. A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be 3. The picture _ nice. A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking 4. She _ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay 5. They _ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived

24、C. went D. get to 6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week. A. will come B. came C. would come D. come 7. Dont smoke until the plane _ off. A. takes B. took C. was taken D. is take 8. I saw her _ the room this morning. A. to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters 9.the teacher

25、 asked us _ to school on time. A. to come B. coming C. come D. comes 10. John is always _ others. A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help 11. He told us _ at eight. A. working B. to work C. work D. worked 12. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. s

26、tay, to do 13. He sat down _ a rest. A. having B. have C. to have D. had 14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine. A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make 15. Jim decided _ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England. A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leaveUnit 3 The earth Date:_

27、name:_【知识要点】一、可数名词与不可数名词1、可数名词定义：可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西；可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式.2、不可数名词定义：指不能用数字计算的词，如物质名词( air，water)和抽象名词(advice，work)。通常只有单数形式。不可数名词表示数量的时候，可以用量词来表达，其结构是：数词+量词+of+名词。如: a bottle of water, two cups of tea。3、判断(1)杯子里有一些水。There is some water in the glass.(2)教室里有一些垃圾。There is some rubbish

28、in the classroom.(3)我们每天都需要很多空气。We need much air every day.(4)我吃了一个苹果。I eat an apple.(5)包里有好多书。There are a lot ofbooks in the bag.(6)铅笔盒里有许多钢笔。There are many pens in the pencil-case.【结论】1_名词有复数形式，如例句_和_ 。 2_名词前可以用不定冠词aan修饰，如例句_。 3_名词前不能用不定冠词aan修饰，常和表示数量的短语、 _、_等连用，如例句_，_和_。二、there be 句型基本认识1、 定义：The

29、re be句型表示“某处存在某物或某人”。2、结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.注意事项：there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，根据就近原则，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。：变成否定There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not。：变成一般疑问句There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当

30、肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。注意事项：there be 句型与have句型的区别(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。(2) 当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。如：eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。【典型例题】I单项选择。( ) 1. I have _ and a cup of orange

31、 juice for supper. A. two bread B. two pieces of bread C. two breads D. two pieces of breads( ) 2. Everyone needs _ and water to live on Earth. A. airs B. aires C. air D. an air( ) 3. - Whats on the table? - There are three _ on the table. A. cup of coffee B. cups of coffees C. cups of coffee D. cup

32、 of coffees( ) 4. _ a table and two chairs in the room. A. There is B. There being C. There are D. There be( ) 5. The cat catches two _ on my uncles farm. A. mice B. dog C. tiger D. mouse. 将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。1.There is some water in the bottle.否定句：_一般疑问句：_2.There are many apples in the box.否定句：_一般疑问句：

33、_【课堂小测】I根据句意，用a，an, much或many填空，补全句子。1. I eat _apple every day.2. Mum, I want to have _ orange.3. He buys _bananas.4. In the morning, I drink _ milk.5. He has _ map.6. Carla has _ different books.7. There is _water on the road.8. He knows _different languages.9. I book _room for my brother.10. In Ch

34、ina, there are_ foreigners(外国人). II根据句意，用适当的be动词填空，补全句子。11. There _ a book and two pens on the desk.12. There _ many apples in the bag.13. There _ much water in the glass.14. There _ an egg on the table.15. There _ many animals in the zoo.III. 根据汉语提示补全句子，每空一词。1动物园里有老虎。_ _ tigers in the zoo.2打扰一下，你可以

35、帮我打扫我的房间吗？Excuse me, can you _me _ my room?3我在北京海洋馆里看到了鲸鱼。I _ _ in Beijing Aquarium.4我知道许多关于你的事实。I know _ _ about you.5我家离商店有两公里远。My home is _ _away from the shop.【课后作业】一、根据汉语提示补全句子，每空一词。1他需要为他的孩子做饭。He _ _ _ for his children.2我味觉很好。I _ good _3我想要一个气球。I _ _ have a balloon.4空气使我们活着。Air _us _. 5我能感觉到风从

36、我脸上刮过。I can _the wind on my face when it blows.Unit 4 SeasonsDate:_ name:_【知识要点】小议“形容词” 形容词是用来描述或修饰名词（或代词）的一类词。形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语和宾语补足语。其具体用法如下：用作定语，修饰名词或代词，一般置于它所修饰的名词之前。例如： Lily is a very beautiful girl. 莉莉是一个非常漂亮的女孩。 This is an interesting book. 这是一本有趣的书。 用作表语，位于系动词之后。常用的系动词有：be, become, get, look,

37、feel, smell, taste, sound, turn，seem，keep，grow等。例如：It is going to be rainy tomorrow. 明天要下雨。 This song sounds nice. 这首歌听着不错。 Alice looks more lovely than before. 爱丽丝看起来比以前更可爱了。用作宾语补足语，紧跟在宾语后面。例如： The teacher asks us to keep the classroom clean. 老师告诉我们要保持教室干净。 He finds his job very hard. 他发现他的工作很难。 形容

38、词还用在一些固定的句型之中，如“It is +adj.+ to do sth”，表示“做某事很”。例如： It is interesting to make snowmen in winter. 冬天堆雪人很有趣。【典型例题】根据汉语提示补全句子。1王林是一个很善良的男孩。 Wang Lin is a very_ _.2明天仍然要下雪。 It will still_ _ _.3她今天感觉很不舒服。 She _ _ today.4爸爸告诉我不要独自在家。 Dad tells me not to_ _ _ _.5春季野餐很不错。It is very_ _ _ _ _ in spring.【课堂小测

39、】一、根据句意及汉语提示写单词，补全句子。1. It is very _ (湿润的) on the ground. People are easy to fall over(摔倒).2. He lives in a small _ (镇) and he is very poor.3. It is very cold. And the wind _(吹) strongly.4. It is always _ (干燥的) in the northwest of China.5. _(在期间) this holiday, I visited two foreign countries.二、选择合适的词补全句子。 1. These pictures are all about _ (love, lovely) children.2. My grandfather often tells me _ (fun, funny) stories. 3. You should take an umbrella (伞) with you. Its going to be _ (rain, rainy).4. Iread some _ (interest, interesting) books during the summer holiday.5. Little Tom cant move t