（专项突破）全国高考英语名词性从句.doc

1、全国高考英语名词性从句用法归纳名词性从句（一）宾语从句宾语从句主要用于下面四种结构：1. 主语谓语that从句The boy dreamed that he was flying to the moon.这种结构在英语中最为普遍，用于这种结构的动词也很多：say, think, insist, wish, hope, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, propose, declare, demand, imagine, w

2、onder, know, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, report.在believe, think, suppose等词后，连词that常省去。在表示请求、命令、建议的等词后的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气. 2主语谓语wh-从句We must find out who did all this.在该结构中的宾语从句，实际上是一个特殊疑问句变化而来的。而且特别需要注意的是，宾语从句是一个陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imag

3、ine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise. 3.主语谓语whether(if)+从句I want to know whether(if)he will join us this afternoon.在该结构中whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是由一个一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是是否。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用。具体的要求，后面详述。4.主语be形容词从句I am afraid that I cant promise you anything.I

4、 am not sure whether(if)they are doing their best.用于这种结构的形容词常有：afraid, angry, amazed, anxious, glad, happy, pleased, sad, satisfied, sure, surprised, ashamed, astonished, certain, delighted, disappointed.在口语中，特别是sure, sorry, afraid等形容词，that常省略。5.主语+谓语+it+形容词/名词等+that clauseLots of foreigners find it

5、 difficult that they learn Chinese well I think it impossible that I will go abroad next year.We consider it necessary that you apologize to him at once.用于这类句型的常见动词有：find, think, feel, believe, consider, make, regard, suppose, take it . for granted that, imagine. 主语从句主语从句常出现在下面的三种结构中。1. 主语从句谓语That s

6、he will come to our party is certain.2.It +be+形容词（名词词组、过去分词）that从句It is quite clear that the elephant is like a huge fan.It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.It is said that our school will be rebuilt.在这种结构中，that引导的从句后置。而使用it作形式主语，它也可以与前面讲到的结构换用。用于该结构的形容词很多，常见的有： obvious, clear, likel

7、y, true, certain .该结构中，由于使用了某些形容词、名词词组、过去分词，后面引导的主语从句要使用虚拟语气。3.It +seem(happen等不及物动词)that从句 It seems that Mary is not coming at all.用于该结构的不及物动词有：seem, happen, appear, matter.该结构有的可以用不定式结构转换。如上面句子可转换为：Mary doesnt seem to be coming at all.表语从句表语从句主要是说明主语的内容。因此，含有表语从句的复合句中的主语通常是：需要有内涵的名词。如：fact， truth，

8、 explanation， problem， opinion， view等。what引导的主语从句。1. The fact is that he didnt finish his homework last night.Our belief is that things will improve.2. What I want to know is which dictionary I should buy.另外：as if(as though)也可以用于表语从句。但多是以下面形式出现。主语look(seem)as if+从句:It looked as if it was going to sn

9、ow.It seems as if there will be an election soon.3 The reason why is that The reason why I came late was that I overslept(睡过头).同位语从句同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。例如： They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consis

10、ts of atoms.他们很熟悉这一观点，所有的物质都是由原子构成的。 1、从先行词来看 同位语从句与名词之间在逻辑上是主语be表语的关系。该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词。例如： They were delighted at the news that their team had won.当听到他们的球队赢了的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 2、从引导词来看 引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，它在从句中充当一定成分-主语或宾语，有具体词意，作宾语时还可以省略。试比较： The factory(that)we visit

11、ed yesterday is a chemical one.我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂。(that在从句中作宾语，所以此句是宾语从句) The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他将要去上海的消息是真的。(that只起连接从句的作用，所以此句是同谓语从句)1. They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 2. Do you know _ brighter than the mo

12、on?A. Why the sun look B. why the sun looks C. why does the sun look D. why is the look3. -Do you remember _ he came? - Yes, I do. He came by taxi. A. how B. when C. why D. whether4. _ you have done might do harm to other people.A. That B. What C. Which D. This 5. _ the 2008 Olympic Games will be he

13、ld in Beijing is known to all.A. Whenever B. Whether C. If D. That6. Go and get you coat. Its _ you left it last night.A. there B. where C. there where D. the place where7. It seems to me _ not all the students are honest in the exams.A. what B. which C. why D. that8. It puzzles the whole world _ Ch

14、ina has made such great achievements since reformation.A. why B. whether C. that D. how9. _ he can achieve his first five-year plan remains a problem.A. That B. C. If D. Whether10. _ is a fact that computer is being accepted a necessary communication tool.A. There B. This C. That D. It11. No one can

15、 be sure _ in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like12. He made _ clear that he was in charge of the group discussion.A. us B. it C. that D. them13. It is said _ was how SARS was spread over the country.A. that B. wh

16、ich C. that which D. that that14. Has it been announced _ the planes are to take off?A. when B. if C. which D. what15. I still remember _ this used to be a quite village.A. when B. how C. where D. what16. It worried her a bit _ her driving license had been lost when traveling. A. while B. that C. if

17、 D. for17. _ leaves the lab last is supposed to lock the door.A. Anyone B. The people who C. Whoever D. Those who18. _ you told me just now was _ had been written in that book.A. What; what B. That; that C. Whether; what D. If; how19. _ that Tom wants to change his mind.A. It appears B. It seemed C.

18、 It was said D. Is it true20. _ troubling me most is _ I lack experience in this kind of work.A. Thats; what B. What; that C. Whats; that D. Thats; that21. The problem is not _ he does but _ he does it.A. what; how B. how; what C. how; how D. what; what22. _ matters is not _ you have failed in the t

19、est but _ you treat the failure.A. It; how; that B. What; that; how C. It; that; how D. that; whether; what23. It looks _ it is going to shower. A. even if B. as if C. that D. like24. There can be no doubt now _ more and more young people call for unique style of life.A. that B. which C. what D. . w

20、hether25. The suggestion _ peaceful volunteers(和平自愿者) should be provided support by the local government has been accepted. A. when B. what C. that D. which26. Funan River is no longer _ ten years ago.A. what it used to be B. what did it look like C. that it used to be D. how it looked like27. _ is

21、going to do the job will be up to manager of the company.A. That B. How C. Why D. Who28. _ people will join us is not very important.A. How much B. How many C. That D. Many29. _ the questions is to be discussed first doesnt make much difference.A. Which of B. Who of C. How many D. Which30. _ the hou

22、se will be built will be discussed at tomorrows meeting.A. If B. Where C. That D. Who31. _ Jack is reluctant(不情愿的) to go to the conference is clear to all of the people present.A. How B. What C. Why D. This32. _ you will take sides in is up to you.A. What B. Which C. Whom D. Whether33. _ we do must

23、be in the interests of the people.A. That B. However C. Whether D. Whatever34. Is _ true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?A. that B. it C. this D. he 35. Does _ matter much that they will not come tomorrow?A. that B. this C. he D. what 36. Is _ you told me really true?A. that B. w

24、hich C. it D. what37. It happened _ I was out that day.A. whether B. that C. what D. why38. It is unknown to us _ they bought such graceful clothes.A. that B. what C. where D. who39. It is not _ they went there.A. how B. why C. whether D. All are acceptable40. Their idea is _ all of us go there to t

25、heir rescue tomorrow.A. what B. which C. that D. when完形填空On my last day in Nairobi, I decided to visit the game reserve(野生动物保护区). On 1 my hotel ,I bought a map and hired a car. On the way I 2 to take photos of many interesting 3 , A little lateral was very pleased when I saw notices 4:“Be careful: L

26、ions.5 in your car.” I didnt mean to get out and 6 across a shallow river, I was halfway across when my 7 began to turn round and round without 8 a bit: the car had stuck in the mud.Full of 9 , I looked round carefully. There was not a lion 10 , I was soon in the 11 and my clothes got wet and muddy,

27、 and there was 12 I could do. The car didnt 13 though I pushed it hard.There was a 14 quite near. I didnt dare to go there. So I had to get back into the car. I felt very 15. I wondered how long it would be16 I was discovered by the lions. The lions would quite 17 a tasty meal of a human being 18 !I

28、 was wild with 19 when, several hours later, a keeper drove up in a jeep and 20 my car onto dry land.It took me some time to explain to the clerks what had happened to me when I returned to the hotel, but I do not think that anyone really believe me!1. A. leaving B. reaching C. visiting D. seeing2.

29、A. stopped B. drove C. rode D. forgot3. A. keepers B. animals C. cars D. lions4. A. writing B. printing C. marking D. saying5. A. Stay B. Eat C. Sleep D. Look6. A. walked B. drove C. jumped D. stepped7. A. wheels B. legs C. feet D. home8. A. shopping B. working C. moving D. turning9. A. fear B. ange

30、r C. surprise D. pleasure10. A. in the stream B. in my car C. in the distance D. out of doors11. A. river B. car C. seat D. clothes12. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing13. A. move B. rise C. open D. start14. A. hotel B. village C. forest D. keeper15. A. worried B. surprised C. safe D

31、. brave16. A. before B. when C. after D. since17. A. hate B. enjoy C. thank D. refuse18. A. dead B. fresh C. alive D. young19. A. anger B. fear C. surprise D. joy20. A. pulled B. pushed C. lifted D. carried名词性从句（二）同位语从句同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说

32、明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。例如： They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.他们很熟悉这一观点，所有的物质都是由原子构成的。 1、从先行词来看 同位语从句与名词之间在逻辑上是主语be表语的关系。该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词。例如： They were delighted at the news that their team had won.当听到他们的球队赢了的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 2、从引导词来看 引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，th

33、at不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，它在从句中充当一定成分-主语或宾语，有具体词意，作宾语时还可以省略。试比较： The factory(that)we visited yesterday is a chemical one.我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂。(that在从句中作宾语，所以此句是宾语从句) The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他将要去上海的消息是真的。(that只起连接从句的作用，所以此句是同谓语从句)关于whether, if引导名词性从句的问题1. whether引导主语从句时，既可以直接位于句首，也可以

34、位于句末；if引导主语从句时只能用于it作形式主语的从句中。Whether we need it is a different matter.It is a different matter whether(if)we need it.2. 在宾语从句中，当表示是否时，whether与if可以互换。3. whether引导的从句可以充当介词宾语，if则不行。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.4. 一般说来whether可以与or not连用，if则不行。I have no idea whether or not he is ready.5. w

35、hether引导的从句可以作名词的同位语，if则不行。The question whether we need it has not been decided.6. 可能造成歧义时，用whether而不用if。Please let me know whether you are coming. 请告诉我你是否要来。（whether引导宾语从句）Please let me know if you are coming. 如果你要来，请告诉我。（if引导状语从句） that在引导名词性从句时的省略that引导的宾语从句，一般可以省去that，但在下面情况中不能省略。7. 在suggest, ord

36、er等表示命令、请求、建议等动词后的宾语从句中，不能省。8. 在句型主语+谓语+it+形容词+that 从句时, that不能省。9. 由and或but所连接的两个引导的宾语从句时，第一个从句中的that可以省，第二个从句中的that不能省。10. that引导的宾语从句，如果从句中还有其他状语从句，引导宾语从句的that不能省略。Tell him that if he is at home, Ill call to see him.11. that引导的主语从句，表语从句以及同位语中，that不能省略。 名词性从句中what的使用what可以用于主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句。初学英语容易混淆

37、该词与that的用法，往往出错。因此我们说，掌握好what一词的使用，是突破名词性从句的一个关键。that引导名词性从句，它只是引导这个从句，不在从句中充当任何成分，而且没有任何意义，这一点在前面特征表中可以看到，而what则不同，它不但有意义，而且要在从句中充当成分，也就是说what引导的从句在主句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同时what自身还要在从句中充当宾语、主语或表语（大多数时候是充当宾语），只要符合这两个条件，就得用what引导。What you want is a new school-bag. (what引导从句做主句中的主语，同时在从句中作want的宾语)That is wha

38、t I hope. (what引导从句做主句中的表语，同时在从句中作hope的宾语)We cannot do what you asked of us. (what引导从句做主句中的宾语，同时在从句中作asked的宾语)26. Funan River is no longer _ ten years ago.A. what it used to be B. what did it look like C. that it used to be D. how it looked like27. _ is going to do the job will be up to manager of t

39、he company.A. That B. How C. Why D. Who28. _ people will join us is not very important.A. How much B. How many C. That D. Many29. _ the questions is to be discussed first doesnt make much difference.A. Which of B. Who of C. How many D. Which30. _ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow

40、s meeting.A. If B. Where C. That D. Who31. _ Jack is reluctant(不情愿的) to go to the conference is clear to all of the people present.A. How B. What C. Why D. This32. _ you will take sides in is up to you.A. What B. Which C. Whom D. Whether33. _ we do must be in the interests of the people.A. That B. H

41、owever C. Whether D. Whatever34. Is _ true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?A. that B. it C. this D. he 35. Does _ matter much that they will not come tomorrow?A. that B. this C. he D. what 36. Is _ you told me really true?A. that B. which C. it D. what37. It happened _ I was out

42、that day.A. whether B. that C. what D. why38. It is unknown to us _ they bought such graceful clothes.A. that B. what C. where D. who39. It is not _ they went there.A. how B. why C. whether D. All are acceptable40. Their idea is _ all of us go there to their rescue tomorrow.A. what B. which C. that D. when41. That is _ he likes the place so much.A. where B. why C. how D. what42. That is _ he explained to the applicants.A. how B. what C. why D. because43. This is _ the whole city is fed.A. how B. because C. that D. what44. -He did not pass the examination. -That is _ he didn