（备战高考）被动语态基础练习题.doc

1、【备战高考】被动语态基础练习题一、单项选择被动语态1You cant move in right now. The house _ now.Ahas painted Bis paintedCis being painted Dis painting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C选项正确。2_scores of times, but Derek still couldnt understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation.AHa

2、ving explainedBHaving been explainedCThough it was explainedDIt was explained【答案】D【解析】因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。3Have you heard about that school bus accident?Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver _.Awere savedBwas savedChave savedDhas been saved【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。

3、句意为：你有没有听说那起校车事故？嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard.可知，事故发生在过去，且all为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。4The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report. Oh，my god ! I havent finished it yet. But he _ back at the company tomorrow.Awas expectedBwill expect

4、CexpectedDwill be expected【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。哦，天哪，我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境，是过去预料他明天会回来，而且经理是被预计，故用一般过去时的被动。故选A。【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意，这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时间，要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。考点：考查时态和语态5Her own story _ and this book is expected to come out next week.Ahad been written Bhas been writt

5、enChad written Dhas written【答案】B【解析】句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。由句意可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选。6The singers music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.AviewedBhas viewedCwas viewedDhas been viewed【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被动语态；C. has

6、 viewed，现在完成式；D. has been viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意：自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近9百万次。since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时has done形式，又因music video是被访问的，故要用被动语态。故选D。考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。7Its so humid these days!Dont worry! The rain _ to stop from tomorrow.Awill expect BexpectsCwill be expected Dis expected【答案】D【解析】考查

7、动词时态与语态。句意：这些日子天气潮湿。不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境，“expect”表示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，“停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关系。故选D。8All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once.Ashould be; be operated onBwere; must be operated onCbe; was operated onDwas; be operated on【答案】D【解析】试

8、题分析：考查insist的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重，要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当“坚持说，坚持陈述某事实”解时，用陈述语气。考点 : 考查insist的用法9105The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.Awill make Bwill be madeChas been made Dhad made【答案】B【解析

9、】考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际奥委会宣布在2020年东京奥运会上将增加15个比赛项目。从年份2020可以看出是将来的动作，项目和增加是被动关系，故要用将来时的被动，故选B。10Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatal accidents.Aare urging, followed Bare being urged, followingCare urged, to follow Durge, being followed【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发

10、生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth.，为固定搭配。 “敦促某人做某事”。分析句意可知是事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故A与D是错误的。事件已发生了故不能用to follow作定语， following，后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用B。11-Have you telephoned your father?- Yes, he back next week.Ais expectedBexpectsCwill expectDwill be expected【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：-你给你的父亲打电话了吗?是的，他有望明年回

11、来。这里sb be expected to do现在现在盼望明年回来，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，这里he应指的是父亲。根据句意故选A。考点：考查动词时态及语态的用法。12Its great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.AtrappedBhave been trappedChad trappedDhad been trapped【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了，这真是太棒了。由were saved可知此事发生在过去，且被困应在被救之前，应用过去完成时；同时，visitors

12、和trap构成被动关系，应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故D选项正确。13Mr. Wills, who was being helped up onto the platform to take the prize, looked as if he by lightning.Awas just struck Bwere just struckCwould just be struck Dhad just been struck【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：威尔斯先生被扶上了讲台，接受了这个奖项，他看起来就像是被闪电击中了一样。此处as if（好像）引导方式状语从句，用

13、虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，用过去完成时态，且主语he和strike之间是被动关系，故答案为D。14Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated.AbelongingBbelongsCis belongingDis belonged【答案】B【解析】考查短语：belong to 属于，没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选B。15The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.AtreatedBwere tr

14、eatedCwould treatDwould be treated【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态的用法。句意：在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。the guests _ in the hotel是定语从句U，修饰The way，treat是从句的谓语动词，The guests 与treat之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选B。16People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult _ so long as the whole nation works hard for it

15、.ArealizingBto be realizedCrealizedDto realize【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和语态。句意：人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficult to do 结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：She was difficult to understand at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice,

16、pleasant, safe, unpleasant等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。故选D。17I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _ the cloth _ well.Ahave told；washesBhave been told；washesCwas told；washedDhave been told；is washed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查语态时态。句意：因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗，于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，且I与tell是被动关系，所以使用现在完成时

17、的被动形式。第二空中动词wash与副词well连用，用主动形式表示被动含义。故B项正确。【点睛】小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法，涉及“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下：1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来),sound(听起来),prove(证明是),feel(摸上去感到)等,例如:Yourreasonsoundsreasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.良药苦口。2)一些与cant(不能)或wont(不会)连用的动词。常用

18、的有:lock(锁住),shut(关上),open（打开，营业）,close（关门）,cut（切割）,weigh（重）,act（上演）,例如:Thedoorwontopen.这门打不开。Itcantmove.它不能动。Thisshopopensmuchearlierthanitusedto.Eachstoneweighs2tons.3)一些与well(很),easily(容易地),perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如:sell,wash,clean,burn,cook,wash,write,last,read,wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构，常表示事物内部特有的属性。例如:Theb

19、ooksellswell. 这种书很畅销。Theseclotheswashwell.这些衣服很耐洗。4)用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词,例如:Thismaterialhaswornthin.这料子已磨薄了。 Thedusthasblownintothehouse.灰尘被风吹进了房子。Thiskindofclothwasheswellandlastslong. Thepenmyfathergavemeasabirthdaygiftwritessmoothly.WritteninsimpleEnglish,thisarticlereadseasily.5)某些不及物动词，

20、如happen,occur,cost以及短语，如comeout（出版）,comeup（出现）,comeintobeing（产生）cometoonesmind（想起）,turnout（证明是）,comeabout（发生）,breakout（爆发）,belongto（属于）等，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用主动形式。ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe18thcentury.Suddenlyanideacametohismind.Itneveroccurredtometophoneyou.18

21、The classroom _ by students every day.Acleans BcleanedCis cleaned Dis cleaning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom，单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选C。19As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes _ into operation nationwide by 2025.Awill have been p

22、utBwill have putChave been putDwill be putting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到2025年为止，全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。20After completing the training, I, together with my classmates, _ to the town that was far from the city.Awere sentBwas sentChave been sentDhas

23、 been sent【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：完成了训练，我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。together with（和）符合就远原则，故现在只看主语I，是单数；根据下文的was判断为一般过去时，send和主语I之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，即一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故用was sent，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查就远原则，即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原则的词或短语有：as well as;(together/along/combined) with; rather than; except; besides; but;

24、 including; in addition to; apart from；instead of等 例如：1. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.除了这两个学生,没有人在教室。2. Everybody except you is down on me.除了你,大家都看不起我。3. A woman with two children has come.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。4. John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.约翰,而不是他的室友,应该受到责备。21In the 1980s

25、in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete ones _ yet.Ahavent builtBhavent been builtChadnt builtDhadnt been built【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：在20世纪80年代，这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面，混凝土的道路还没有建成。根据语境可知，“混凝土的道路还没有建”表示的动作发生在“there were only muddy roads”这一过去的动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时；build与

26、concrete ones是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故选D。22Youd better communicate with each other sincerely, and I hope to see your conflict _ tomorrow.Awas to be solvedBhas been solvedCwill have been solvedDhad been solved【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：你们彼此之间最好真诚地沟通，我希望明天你们的冲突能得到解决。由时间状语tomorrow可知，此处应用将来时，conflict和solve之间为被动关系。

27、因此C项的将来完成时符合语境，表示在将来某一时间以前（明天结束之前）已经完成的动作。故选C项。23The letters for the boss_ on his desk but he didnt read them until 3 days later.Awere putBwas putCputDhas put【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意：给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上，但是直到三天以后他才读了那些信。letter“信件”和put“放”之间是被动的关系，所以排除C和D，然后因为letters是复数，谓语动词用were put, 故选A。24The coach, to

28、gether with his players, _ to the party held last Friday night, aiming to celebrate their win in the match.Awas invitedBwere invitedChas been invitedDhave been invited【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致与一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个教练，和他的队员一起，被邀请去参加上周五晚上举行的聚会，目的是庆祝他们赢得比赛。根据句中的“last Friday night（上周五晚上）”可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为The co

29、ach，为第三人称单数形式，“together with”介词词组作主语的伴随状语，不能算作主语，所以谓语动词应与The coach保持一致。故选A。【点睛】主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲，即在英语组词成句的过程中，主语的人称、数、格发生了变化，谓语也必须跟着变化，保证主语和谓语之间关系的协调一致。在英语语法中，这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三个原则，语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也是复数形式。当than，with，as well as，along wit

30、h，together with，like，rather than，except，not，but，including，plus，besides，in addition to等加名词或代词结构在主语后面时，谓语不受这些短语影响，须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则中的一种情况。例如本题中使用了together with结构，所以句子的谓语动词与主语the coach保持一致。25Why didnt you attend the assembly this morning?But I _ anything about that.Adidnt tellBhavent toldChadnt been

31、toldDhavent been told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会？没人告诉我。主语I和tell之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，又“没有告诉”的动作发生在今天早上之前，即过去之过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故选C项。26As we know, it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou _ into operation.Awill be putBare putCwill have been putDare being put【

32、答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据我们所知，距离苏州所有的地铁线路投入使用还有好几年。all the metro lines与put.into operation是被动关系，应使用被动语态；在时间状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，遵循“主将从现”的原则，所以从句用一般现在时。故选B。27If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened.Ahad been putBwere putCshould be putDwould be put【答案】A【解析】【分析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意

33、：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。【点睛】英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等.虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hard,youll surely pass the exam.虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小）If I were a bird, I c

34、ould fly freely in the sky.if从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1.与现在事实相反动词过去式（be一律用were）would/could/might/should+动词原形2.与过去事实相反had donewould/could/might/should+have done3.与将来事实可能相反a.动词过去式（be一律用were）b.should+动词原形（不能用would）c.were to+动词原形would/could/might/should+动词原形与现在事实相反if从句：动词过去式（be-were）主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形

35、If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I shouldnt do that.If it werent raining, we wouldnt stay.与过去事实相反if从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadnt helped us, we couldnt have succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadnt been ill,

36、 he might have come.3.与将来事实可能相反if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were） b.should+动词原形（不能用would） c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he com

37、e tomorrow, please give the book to him.错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you had followed the doctors advice then, you would be all right now.If you had watered them more, the crops wou

38、ld be growing still better now.(有时时间会省略）含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。They would not be able to live without him.（如果没有）He would have failed but for his teachers timely advice.（要不是）=if it had not been forIf only you had worked with greater care!(要是.就好了）You would have done the same thing in her pos

39、ition.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the singing competition.（实-虚）=I was ill that day. If I hadnt been ill that day, I would have taken part in the si

40、nging competition.He would have bought the piano, but he didnt have enough money.（虚-实）=He would have bought the piano if he had had enough money, but in fact he didnt have enough money.省略if倒装条件句在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和were，那么可省略if，把had, should和were放在句首构成倒装，简称省略if倒装条件句。If he had finished t

41、he work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.If I were you, I wouldnt do that.=were I you, I wouldnt do that.If I should meet him, I would tell him about it.=Should I meet him, I would tell him about it.

42、28His sister left home in 1998, and_ since.Ahad not been heard ofBhas not been heard ofChad not heard ofDhas not heard of【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查时态：句意：他的妹妹在1998年离家，至今杳无音讯”。 And前用过去式表示她1998年离家这一事实，而and后用has not been heard of表示从1998到现在这一段时间的状态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，而且his sister和hear of是被动关系，选B。考点：考查时

43、态29 I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didnt you drive him there? I _. But my car _ .Awould; was fixedBwould have; was fixedCwould have; was being fixedDdid; was being fixed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？-我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would

44、have done；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。30I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.Awont be seen Bwasnt seenChasnt been seen Dhadnt been seen【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知这是过去的事情；再根据for a long time可知此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。