2018浙江杭州中考英语解析.pdf

1、1 2 3 2018 杭州中考英语试题卷 第第 I 卷卷 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30 分) (2018浙江杭州)第一节（共 5 小题.每小题 2 分,满分 10 分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试 卷的相应位置，听完每段对话，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一 遍。 1. How did the women come? A. By air. B. By train. C. By car. 2.Where does the man live? A. In a town. B. In a city.

2、 C. In a village. 3.Who can play the violin? A. George. B. Helen. C. Alice. 4.How many students are there in the womans school? A.330. B. 350. C. 370. 5.What does the man mean? A. The bike is new. B. The bike is expensive. C. The bike is heavy. (听力无录音稿，答案：CCCAB) (2018浙江杭州)第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分,满分 20 分

3、） 听下面3段对话或独白，每段对话或独白有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小 题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. What are the two speakers talking about? A. Touring a school. B. Visiting a museum. C. Having a picnic. 7. Which sign is mentioned in the conversation? 4 A.

4、 B. C. 8.Whats the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Mom and son. B. Teacher and student C. Waitress and customer (听力无录音稿，答案：BAB) (2018浙江杭州)听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9.Whats the woman？ A. A restaurant owner. B. An interviewer C. A cafe waitress. 10. When do people in New York usually go

5、 to restaurants? A. Between 5 and 6 p.m. B. Between 7 and 8:30 p.m. C. Between 8 and 9 p.m. 11. Which restaurant are getting popular with people in London? A. Indian restaurants. B. South American restaurants. C. Italian restaurants. (听力无录音稿，答案：BAA) (2018浙江杭州)听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12.How many days

6、does the speaker work every week? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. 13.Why does the speaker often eat a big lunch? A. He is very hungry. B. He is too busy for dinner. C. He really likes the food. 14.What does the speaker often do to relax at night? A. Listen to music. B. Watch movies. C. Go shopping. 15.Wh

7、at does the speaker think of his group members? A. Lonely but successful. B. Famous and professional. C. Hardworking and friendly. (听力无录音稿，答案：BBAC) (2018浙江杭州)第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(共 15小题，每小题 2分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出最佳选项。 (2018浙江杭州) A When Canadian teenager Ryan was six years ol

8、d, his teacher told him that in many parts of Africa, there was no clean water. She said that people often made themselves ill, and even died, just from drinking or bathing in dirty water. What she said made Ryan upset. He decided to raise money for a well (井) so that people in Africa could have cle

9、an water. He did extra chores for his parents and raised $70 all by himself. 5 Then he found out that it actually cost $2,000 to dig a well. Most people would have given up at this point, but not Ryan. He was disappointed, but determined to raise more money. Finally he collected over $2,000. That mo

10、ney was used to dig the first of “Ryans wells”. Since then, Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells. In fact, Ryan has raised over $1,500 ,000! Ryan calls himself “a normal boy” and likes to play ice hockey when hes not in school or traveling around the world talking to other students about

11、 himself and his work. As for the future, he has said that he isnt exactly sure what he will choose to do. “Something along the lines of a lawyer or a teacher. Maybe a leader!” 16. Ryans teacher told him about the water problem in Africa in order to . A. encourage Ryan to dig wells for people in Afr

12、ica B. ask Ryan to raise money for poor people in Africa C. make Ryan feel unhappy and disappointed D. educate Ryan to care about African people in difficulty 17. What does Ryan think of himself according to the passage? A. He is different from other students in many ways. B. He never gives up when

13、he has decided to do something. C. He is talented and can do many great things in the future. D. Hes like other students with his own hobby and dreams. 18. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Ryan and His Teacher B. Ryan and His Wells. C. Ryan and His Money D. Ryan and His F

14、uture 体裁 记叙文 话题 人物故事 词数 211 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要内容是：男孩 Ryan了解到非洲人民非常缺少洁净水，为了帮助他们而 想尽办法四处筹钱并造井的故事。 16. D。 考查推理判断题。通过第一段，老师告诉同学们非洲没有干净的水源, 这是为了教育学生们要关注有困难的非 洲人民。故选 D。 17. D。考查细节理解题。由第5段中“Ryan calls himself a normal boy,”一句可知，Ryan觉得自己是一个普通 的男孩，有自己的爱好和理想。 18.B。考查主旨大意题。此题需要结合首末段和各段主旨句进行理解，这篇文章主要讲述 Ryan 为了帮

15、 助非洲人民而筹钱造井的事。 (2018浙江杭州浙江杭州) B Who wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste? Believe it or not, thats exactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015. During the meal, the world leaders enjoyed dishes like salads and burgers made with thrown-away vegetables and fr

16、uits. Chef Dan Barber, who helped create the meal, hoped that the experience would make the leaders pay more attention to the issue of food waste. It is a huge problem. One out of nine people on Earth does not get enough food. Yet every year over one third of the food produced worldwide goes to wast

17、e! Why is so much food wasted? Firstly, food is often thrown away before it reaches customers because too much of it is produced, or because it is not kept properly in farms. Secondly, shops and supermarkets usually throw away unsold food. Finally, customers often buy more food than they need, so a

18、lot of uneaten food is wasted. How can you waste less food? When eating out, you may ask for less food and take home what is 6 left. Visit fast food restaurant less often, since they are usually more wasteful. Encourage your favorite restaurants to give unsold food to food banks. You can also waste

19、less food at home. Use smaller rice bowls so that you serve less rice. Encourage family members to use unfinished rice to make rice puddings. Tell family members to make a shopping list and buy only what is on the list when shopping for food. Food waste is a growing problem and we, either farmers or

20、 food sellers or customers, must take this problem more seriously and do what we can to help. 19. What did world leaders do at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015? A. They threw away food as waste during the meal. B. They made dishes with waste vegetables and fruits C. They ate food made with

21、 waste vegetables and fruits. D. They helped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal. 20. The underlined word “issue” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to . A. result B. problem C. cause D. beginning 21. The writer organizes Paragraph 4 by asking a question and . A. giving examples B. using numbe

22、rs C. listing reasons D. telling a story 22. Which way of wasting less food is mentioned in the passage? A. Buying unsold food from supermarkets. B. Keeping food properly in a fridge. C. Using smaller rice bowls when eating out. D. Asking for less food in restaurants. 体裁 议论文 话题 社会热点：食物浪费 词数 284 【主旨大

23、意】 本文是一篇议论文。主要内容：谈论食物浪费问题，并给出一些解决方案和号召全民重视该问题。 19. C。考查细节理解题，难度较小。Who wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste? Thats exactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nation in 2015.结合第二段首句可知各国领导人吃了被当做 垃圾扔掉的水果和蔬菜做成的食物。 20. B。考查词义猜测题，难度适中。通过第二段可知，这个活动是为了让领导者更多地关注食物浪费问题。 21. C。考查段落结构

24、题，难度适中，通过文章中“firstly, secondly,finally”可以发现，作者通过提问和举例说 明的方式来编写这个段落。 22. D。考查细节理解题，难度较小。根据第五段第二句“Visit fast food restaurant less often, since they usually more wasteful. ”去快餐店会造成更多的浪费。 (2018浙江杭州) C Bananas are the perfect snack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy to carry around

25、, so you can take them anywhere. Best of all, bananas provide different things that the human body needs! Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain. They grow on plants that look like trees. The banana plant, however, is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesnt have a stro

26、ng , woody stem（茎，干）. The plants can grow as high as 30 feet. When they reach their full height, flowers grow out from the stem. These flowers produce bananas. Two or three times each year, the plants produce fruit. The bananas grow together, which seem like “hands”. A hand is made up of 10 to 20 ba

27、nanas. Growers sometimes call bananas “fingers”. Each bunch（丛） of bananas has about 15 hands, and so a whole bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds. After about three months, the bananas are ready to be picked. At this point, they still arent the sunny yellow 7 colo

28、r of bananas. Farmers pick them when theyre green. Thats how theyre shipped to stores. They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold. If you love bananas, youve got a lot of company. Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Today,

29、American eat more bananas than any other fruit. More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together. Every American eats over 26 pounds of bananas each year! 23. The first paragraph mainly talks about_. A. why people like bananas B. how bananas taste C. what bananas are rich in D. where bananas ar

30、e taken 24. What is the correct order in which these happen? a. The bananas begin to turn yellow b. A banana plant grows to full height. C. The flowers produce bananas. d. The bananas are ready to be picked. A. c-b-a-d B. b-c-d-a C. b-c-a-d D. c-b-d-a 25. Which of the following is true according to

31、the passage? A. The banana plant is a kind of tree. B. Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas. C. One bunch of bananas may weigh over 100 pounds. D. The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year. 26. Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart? A. Apples. B.

32、 Grapes. C. Bananas. D. Oranges 体裁 说明文 话题 科普知识 词数 272 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。主要从香蕉的营养、生长、生产、出售等方面进行了详细的介绍。 23. A。考查主旨大意题。通过第一段的关键词“perfect”、“provide”，关键句“not only.but also”可知，第一 段主要讲的是为什么人们喜欢香蕉。故选 A。 24. B。考查细节理解题。通读全文可知，b 出现在第二段倒数第二句，再是 c 出现在第二段倒数第一句， d 出现在第四段第一句，最后 a 出现在第四段最后一句，故B 为正确选项。 25. C。考查细节理解题。结合

33、文中第二段第三句：the banana plan，however，is considered a herb 可排除A 项。结合文中第二段的第一句：bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain 可排除B项。根 据第三段第一句two or three times each year排除D项。根据第三段最后一句 can weigh more than 100 pounds 相符合。故选C。 26. A。考查细节题。此类题目需要结合表格，寻找题干关键词，与表格信息对应。题干关键词 “the second most popular” 对应表

34、格第二高的树状图，定位 apples。 故选 A。 (2018浙江杭州浙江杭州) D There is a popular Chinese saying that “Fair skin (皮肤) will make up for three flaws(缺陷)”. This mentions the fact that in Chinese culture, it is believed that people who have fair skin are more 8 beautiful. In Western culture, however, the opposite is true m

35、any Westerners think tanned skin is prettier. The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what they think is beautiful. These cultural meanings of beauty, however, are no longer important. As more and more people travel overseas, ideas about beauty are being shared among cultur

36、es. The Internet has also made it easier for people to share different types of beauty since people are always posting pictures on social media. The result is an ever-changing idea of what is considered beautiful. The cultural practice of ear piercings, for example, has become a part of modern day c

37、ulture. In Kenya, it is a tradition among Masai men and women to pierce and then make their ear lobes (耳 垂 ) longer using ivory and wood or stones. They then wear colorful things on their ear lobes. This is a common practice since longer ear lobes are seen as a sign of beauty. This tradition has now

38、 found its way into present-day culture. Nowadays, this might still seem unusual to some, but with more and more well-known actors and film stars showing off their longer ear lobes, it will finally become more fashionable. It is understood that different cultures around the world have different ways

39、 of showing beauty. However, since we now live in a worldwide society, peoples views about beauty are always changing. With the help of the Internet, people are now able to easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out. So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future? 27. Wh

40、at has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty? A. The development of technology. B. The popularity of the latest fashions. C. The unchanged cultural traditions. D. The worlds growing population. 28. What can be learned about the Masai people from the passage? A. Longer ear lobes are t

41、heir new fashion. B. Only women make their ear lobes longer. C. They think longer ear lobes look beautiful. D. They make actors and film stars famous. 29. The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to . A. people B. ideas C. cultures D. fashions 30. What is the passage mainly about? A.

42、People in Asian countries like fair skin better. B. Beauty is considered important in many cultures. C. Different cultures have different ideas about beauty. D. Peoples ideas about beauty are changing all the time 体裁 说明文 话题 社会行为 词数 307 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不同国家，不同民族，不同文化对美的不同解读，以及人们审美观点 的变化。 27. A。细

43、节理解题。根据文章最后倒数第二句“with the help of the Internet, people are now easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out”可知，科技的发展使得人们对美的看法更容易传播。故选 A。 28. C。推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，Masai 人民会穿耳洞，用象牙、木头和石头让耳垂变大的目 的是为了美。故选C。 29. A。词义推理题。根据文中最后一段倒数第二句 “With the help of the Internet, people are now able to

44、easily 9 borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out.”可知，此处them 指的是people。故选A。 30. D。考查主旨大意题。这篇文章第一段最后一句和最后一段第二句，都是文章中心句，都表明了人们对 美的理解是一直在变的。故选D。 (2018浙江杭州)第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 下面文章中有五处（第 31-35 题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E 和 F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。 Five ways to make a great firs

45、t impression（印象印象）! Researchers have discovered that, in general, it only takes seven seconds for a person to start making judgments about you when they first meet you. Thats why you should follow these useful tips on how to create a good first impression. 31. Before meeting someone, start thinking

46、about the purpose of the meeting. Are you trying to impress them? For example, if you want to make new friends at a social event, you will want to appear friendly. And if you decide to run for class president at your school, you will need to appear confident（自信）. 32. Smiling is the most important th

47、ing you can do when meeting someone new. It shows that youre friendly and makes people around you feel more comfortable. To have a winning smile, make sure your teeth are clean by brushing them every day. 33. Before you begin speaking, you will be judged on your body language. Therefore, its importa

48、nt to show trust in yourself by standing up tall and putting your shoulders back. Besides, if you uncross your arms, you will appear relaxed and friendly. 34. How you smell can influence peoples first impression of you. If you have a bad body smell, it will put people off. In short, aim to smell cle

49、an and avoid putting on a lot of scented products. 35. What you wear matters. While you should look clean and tidy, its also important to dress properly, whether youre going to a birthday party or a sporting event. You should think about what your clothes say about you. A. Smell good B. Dress to impress C. Get ready for a speech D. A smile goes a long way E. Be careful about your body language F. Decide what image